MANU SMRATI (8) मनु स्मृति
न्याय-शासन व्यवस्था
(A TREATISE ON GOVERNANCE)
CONCEPTS & EXTRACTS IN HINDUISMBy :: Pt. Santosh Bhardwaj
dharmvidya.wordpress.com hindutv.wordpress.com santoshhastrekhashastr.wordpress.com bhagwatkathamrat.wordpress.com jagatgurusantosh.wordpress.com
santoshkipathshala.blogspot.com santoshsuvichar.blogspot.com santoshkathasagar.blogspot.com bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com santoshhindukosh.blogspot.com
ॐ गं गणपतये नम:।
अक्षरं परमं ब्रह्म ज्योतीरूपं सनातनम्।
निराकारं स्वेच्छामयमनन्तजम्॥
कर्मण्येवाधिकारस्ते मा फलेषु कदाचन।
मा कर्मफलहेतुर्भुर्मा ते संगोऽस्त्वकर्मणि॥
[श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता 2.47]
न्याय शासन :: राजा के द्वारा प्रजा के विवादों को निपटाने के लिए समुचित विधि को अपनाना, अपराधियों को दण्ड देना, धर्म विरुद्ध साक्ष्य देने वाले तथा मिथ्या व्यवहार करने वालों को अनुशासित करना, दण्ड देते समय व्यक्ति के स्तर तथा अपराध की मात्रा पर विचार करना और सीमा तथा कोश आदि की सुरक्षा के प्रति सावधान रहना।
व्यवहारान्दिदृक्षुस्तु ब्राह्मणैः सह पार्थिवः।
मन्त्रज्ञैर्मन्त्रिभिश्चैव विनीतः प्रविशेत्सभाम्॥8.1॥
व्यावहारिक विषयों के ऊपर विचार करने की इच्छा से राजा ब्राह्मणों और विचारशील मंत्रियों के साथ विनीत भाव से राज दरबार में प्रवेश करे।
The kin should enter the court gently with the learned-enlightened Brahmans and the ministers to resolve-discuss the pending cases-matters in a dignified demeanour-humble manner.
तत्रासीनः स्थितो वाऽपि पाणिमुद्यम्य दक्षिणम्।
विनीतवेषाभरणः पश्येत्कार्याणि कार्यिणाम्॥8.2॥
विनीत वेश और अलंकार से युक्त होकर राजा बैठकर या खड़े होकर दाहिना हाथ कपड़े से बाहर निकाल काम करने वाले पुरुषों के कार्यों को देखे।Nicely-humbly dressed king, wearing ornaments should watch-observe the working personnel-workers keeping his right hand out side the cloths while sitting or standing.
Keeping a close watch over the work force is essential. Supervisors perform this job, but they too need periodic observation and work report and regular evaluation of their deeds-performances.
Disputes pertaining to these matters be decided on traditional lines.
Normally the king was not supposed to hear these trivial matters. He constituted the apex authority. The cases were heard at the village Panchayat, Nagar, capital level and only then the king used to come into picture.
पंचायत PANCHAYATY-VILLAGE COUNCIL :: ग्राम सभा, जो कि स्थानीय समस्याओं, विवादों को सुलझाती है। इसमें 5 सदस्य होते हैं, जिनमें से प्रमुख को सरपंच कहा जाता है। It constitutes the village level authority constituting of 5 members elected by the villagers from all castes-classes. The decision used to be taken by the Sarpanch-the senior most Panch (Chief counsellor), only after consulting the other 4 members of the Panchayat. It may be called village council or assembly. Panch stands for 5 as well.
If the king find it difficult to spare time for hearing of such matters, disputes, cases he should depute-appoint some learned, qualified, distinguished Brahmn as the judge to decide the dispute.
The Brahmn should enjoy reputation of being truthful, neutral-impartial. He should have learnt Nyay Shastr & Dharm Shastr from some distinguished Guru-teacher.
Nyay Shastr is that branch of learning which handles judiciary.
That experienced senior Brahmn, should supervise the work either by sitting or standing in the office done-looked after by the three deputies, who are Brahmns learned, experienced-mature, skilful, intelligent, clever, prudent.
The three deputies should have thorough knowledge-specialisation in special branches of justice, work, endeavours for which they have been chosen.
The king (Head of state) permits division of labour, decentralisation of power, autonomy. The head of the department can independent decisions, without the prior approval of the king. The king keeps a close watch over the working-functioning of all heads of departments and their working. Unless-until found guilty of misconduct, prejudice-bias, accepting dols-gifts (bribes), he is allowed to function-continue. Achary Chanky has made provision of fines, punishment & even imprisonment in case of officials found guilty of misconduct.
The council which has three Brahmns who have learnt Veds and is headed by a representative of the king, who too is a learned-enlightened Brahmn, is called Brahm Sabha equivalent to the council of the four headed Brahma Ji.
The Veds have limitless knowledge for the benefit of the humans, demigods and the demons. Each and every subject has been dealt with thoroughly. In due course of time various segments-branches of these storehouse of knowledge, are either lost or are out of the reach of humans for the fear of being misused. Only edited-truncated versions are available at present.
If the Dharm is confronted by the Adharm (Truth against false) and the council members-judges side with the guilty they become the pro-ponders of injustice.
Ever since the country-India, came under the rule of Muslims & Britishers colonial rule, there is no hope for justice. Subsequent governments in free India too are following the same tract. One do not expect justice, since its time consuming, treachery and in the hands of those who do not want justice at all!
The judges are grossly incompetent and unaware of ethics, morale, cultures. The constitution itself is based over the unwritten British constitution. It is completely ineffective in case of criminal who have joined politics and acquiring high offices. Like Ajit Pawar, Sharad Pawar, Sonia, Maya, Mamta, Mulayam, Akhilesh, Lalu, etc. etc.
One should avoid entering the court-council, either as a jury, member, judge, attorney-lawyer or witness. If he reaches there, he should speak the truth. If he do not reveal the facts (remain silent like Man Mohan Singh) or speaks too much (like Lalu Prasad Yadav) that adds some thing from his side, he acquires sin for which he has to suffer sooner or later.
The court (assembly, council, parliament) where the evil over rules the virtues-truth, honesty; there the members of the council-court are destroyed due the sin they have committed by permitting this.
The Muslims, British and the congress did gross injustice with the masses and routed out in due course of time. The list of the sins of congress is too long. It deprived the general categories of their due right by reserving posts for the ignorant, ineligible, unqualified and it did not stop here. It reserved posts in promotions as well, unconstitutionally. The undeserving people like Jats, Gujjars, Patels, Yadavs etc. are all demanding reservation in spite of being financially & socially sound. However, there should be no reservation at all. All posts, jobs should be filled purely on merit basis. The author suffered at least 7 times due to this bogus practice in service.
Modi though a good human being, reliable prime minister, trust worthy; yet he continued with reservations for the sake of votes. Till the people who gets jobs on the basis of reservations forget India's growth-progress.
The virtues, values, justice crushed, leads to the destruction of the destroyer. The preservation of Dharm protects the preservators-protectors. The values, virtues, justice should be maintained to keep the society surviving-persisting.
Showering of virtues, fulfilment of desires is Godly conduct and the duty of the pious, (virtuous, righteous). A person who does this, is like a demigod and is called a Vrash. The person who destroys the virtues, values is called a Vrashal-destroyer of ethics, morals. Vrash is derived from Varsha-i.e., rain.
वृष :: सभी कामनाओं की सिद्धि की वर्षा करने वालों को वृष कहते हैं। वृष भागवत धर्म है।
वृषल :: जिसे धर्म आदि का कुछ भी ज्ञान न हो, फलतः कुकर्मी और पापी, शूद्र, बदचलनी या शूद्रता के कारण जातिच्युत किया हुआ ब्राह्मण या क्षत्री, घोड़ा, चन्द्रगुप्त का एक नाम। Vrashal is one violates justice, virtues, values or simply a sinner, a person who falls from a higher caste to lower caste due to his misdeeds-misconduct-sins.
The ethics (Dharm, virtues, righteousness, piousity) is the only friend which accompany the soul even after death in next incarnation and all other materials are lost-parish with the body.
Each of the doer of the crime-sin, the witness in favour of the doer, the judges-council members-jury who pass judgement in favour of the guilty and the king get one fourth of the guilt.
In this manner the king in whose empire injustice prevails is sure to achieve hells. To be sure most of the present day ministers, parliamentarians are going to hells.
The court-council-jury which punishes, condemn-reproach the guilty (the perpetrator of the crime) remain free from the sin-guilt, along with the king.
Each and every officer, administrator, governor is liable to be punished if he commits injustice in one or the other form. The only place for such bureaucrats-judges is hell, if impropriety is present in thier behaviour-working, dealings, deliberations.
A person born in a Brahmn caste-family and just a Brahmn for the name sake, may be appointed to deliver orders of the king or may be assigned the job of a judge, but a Shudr can never be granted this job.
The secret lies in the genetic structure. If sow you mango tree, you will have mango fruits not the thorns of acacia (बबूल, कीकर).
The populace of the country, where the justice has been handed over-assigned to the Shudr; face tortures like the cow sunk in marsh (bog, quagmire, morass, दलदल, धसान, कच्छ भूमि, चहला, कीच-कादा).
The judge-king should analyse the psyche of the accused-defender, through his aspect, postures-body movements of hands, neck; motion-speed (stress over body parts), speech, eyes (curiosity, gestures, eagerness, sensibility, stability, attentiveness, reactions), mouth (movement of tongue, teeth, cheeks) and the distractions observed over the face revealing the conscience-inner self.
The face is the index of mind.
Some people are congenital liars. Its extremely difficult to identify the truth through their gestures. As a matter of fact some people have adopted witness as their profession. The layers too are expert in speaking the lies and kill the truth these days.
ASPECT :: feature, facet, side, characteristic, particular, detail, point, ingredient, strand; the positioning of a building or other structure in a particular direction, outlook, view, exposure, direction, situation, position, location.
The king should take care of-protect the property, wealth, riches of the orphaned (adolescent whose parents have died); till he returns from the Gurukul-teachers abode, after acquiring education in scriptures, history, culture, Veds-comprehensive knowledge of the various faculties of learning.
The king should take care of the property-money of the widow, issue less woman, a woman without son in whose family every one has died, woman devoted to his husband, a diseased woman like that of the orphans.
This is the period when land mafia is willing-ready to take over-acquire the assets, wealth property of such people without hitch. Take the case of Azam Khan, a minister in Akhilesh and Mulayam Singh Yadav government, who took over the land of farmers forcibly and the chief ministers encourages him.
The government agencies are not far behind they take over the fertile-cultivable land of farmers for something and use it for something else & often the officials misappropriate such properties like Yamuna expressway and Yamuna development authority. Maya Wati and as chief minister & Anand her brother-a carpenter built assets worth 25,000 cores through acquiring properties of farmers.
The king should establish the authenticity of the claim by checking the facts and figures pertaining to the wealth and verify the identity of the claimant.
At present the police is doing this job to ascertain the authenticity of claims and put the facts & figures in the court, which decides the issues on merits. However, there is very little chance of justice.
When caught a politician says that he has full faith in the judiciary, since he knows the lawyers will be able to exonerate him by hook or crook.
The king should impose a fine-penalty to the extent of 1/8 of the value of the recovered money from the false claimant or charge some money from the monetary value of the goods.
The citizens should be made to desist from making false claims. The king as well as the public should be honest unlike the present Indian law makers (parliamentarian, legislatures, counsellors) at least 50% of which are dreaded criminals.
The money-stolen property recovered by the policemen is pocked them selves. Such dishonest policemen should be punished and removed from the service. Their rights as a citizen should be withdrawn.
The Brahmn is authorised by the scriptures to keep the full treasure-wealth discovered by him, since he is the master of the earth. He owns the earth but handed it over to the Kshatriy to rule, control it.
Bhagwan Parshu Ram relinquished the earth 21 times from the clutches of the unholy Kshatriy but the Brahmns themselves offered-restored to their offspring being grossly disinterested in assets.
If a treasure is found buried inside the soil-earth, (is reported, found, discovered), the king should distribute half of it among the Brahmns and deposit rest of it in the state treasury.
Since, the king is the owner of the land and protects the buried treasures, metals inside the earth he deserves half of it.
The king should restore-return the property-wealth to the owners of it, irrespective of their caste-Varn. In case he utilises it for personal-state purpose, he will have to face the sin of being a thief, for which he will be punished by the Almighty.
The country is passing through a phase when the law makers do not hesitate in any sort of crime and grab personal property of the rightful owners. The state is not far behind. The poor is forced to move from pillar to post for justice in vain. The policemen keep the recovered goods and never return it to the rightful owner. Stolen motor cars, bikes, valuables are rotting in the Mal Khana (store house). Neither the policemen nor the court tries to restore it to the owner.
The state-king is only the care taker of the wealth-property of the state. Nand & Mughals considered it to be thier own and suffered later, languishing hells.
The virtuous king should fix his responsibilities-liabilities after thoroughly analysing the Dharm-duties of castes-Varn, strata-status in the society, duties pertaining to the country and the Dharm-responsibilities pertaining to hierarchy-clan of individual and the society as whole.
He should remain neutral (unbiased) while delivering justice, orders or code of conduct for the populace.
Those who are busy in performing their duties, Varnashram Dharm with dedication, carefully, though live away-separately are admired (liked, praised) by the society.
Neither the king nor his representative-the judge, should try to lodge-create a case of his own (file a suit) and never dismiss-hush up, discard a case in lieu of the bribery.
Police stations are auctioned which collect large sums of bribery. The Allahabad-Prayag Raj High Court noted that the UP police is an organised gang of criminals, in two separate cases by two different judges.
There is rampant corruption in judiciary at all levels be it a clerk, peon or a judge.
The judge should reach the root-cause of the case just like a hunter reaches the lair of a (wounded) deer by spotting its blood.
To deliver justice, its essential to know the circumstance, real cause, reason at the bottom of the quarrel, dispute. For this, thorough investigation is a must. Just by depending over the witnesses no one can expect justice, like what is happening in India. The judge do not apply his brain, instinct, insight, intuition or try to reason out, analyse to root cause and effect. A case is heard by numerous judges and by the time the final judgement is there its significance is lost. The role of the investigating agencies is dubious. The CBI, local police, CID dance at the tunes of the local goons in the grab of politicians-ministers, MLAs etc. The dummy prime minister just watch and allow injustice at the dictates of Christians-foreigners and Muslims in the grab of Hindu Brahmns.
The judge should go through the intricacies of the dispute by reasoning out truth, money involved, circumstances, its impact over the society and the period (age, era) in which the case is being handled.
The judge should have the whole society in his mind while delivering judgement.
What was true for the Muslim traitors or British invaders in India is not true-logical for free India. The constitution of India, Law & Justice are the legacy of Britisher & the Muslim rulers-invaders. It is silent over virtues, morals, culture, hierarchy of India. The Supreme Court unduly interfere in the common matters pertaining to Hinduism.
The king should make legal arrangements so that the religious and the virtuous Brahmns are able to carry forwards their practices-traditions (rituals, customs, mores, worship, Hawan, Yagy, prayers, celibacy etc.) according to their clan-hierarchy, sect, caste or the country of their origin-native place.
Creation of hurdles-obstructions in Brahmnical practices, is demonic act performed by Muslims & Christians. These days so called Dalits, down trodden & seculars too are bent upon destruction of cultural fabrics of India. They all are sure to be doomed.
If the borrower-debtor does not wish to return the money he has landed-borrowed from the money lander-creditor, the king should make efforts to help the money lender recover his money.
The money lender used to perform like a bank with the protection of the state. With the onset of Banks in India by the British, the money lenders lost their significance. The banks were nationalised by the Indira Gandhi government, so that the loans could be forwarded easily to the borrowers to accelerate growth of business, industrialisation, but with loose strings. Several frauds have been discovered since then and most of the fraudsters have escaped the clutches of law. Nagar Wala episode clearly indicted Indira Gandhi in PNB (Punjab National Bank) fraud in which Rs.70,00,000 were withdrawn. The intelligence officials (IB) were murdered in broad day light near Muhammad Pur in Delhi and the case was buried deep in the earth.
Most of the big business empires are at present playing with the banking system. They seek loans and forget to return. The fraudsters are enjoying with the active connivance of the bank officials, politicians and the police.
Please refer to ::
(1).bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
(2). bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
(3).bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
(4). bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
(5). bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
(6). bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
During this age credit cards are in use which makes the debtor liable to pay interest at the rate of 47%. The subsequent governments are resorting to debt wavers for peasants for political gains without ascertaining the real causes behind suicides by the farmers; at the coast of the exchequer progress of the nation and motivate the debtors not to pay-return loans at the cost of the tax payers.
The king should protect lenders-creditors money and make arrangements for the recovery of the debt. The debtors must refund the money with interest.
However, the rate of interest should be reasonable and the debtors capability to return it should be assessed well in advance. His past records should be investigated thoroughly before extending loans.
These days various companies and banks make offers to the debtors to seek loans and then trouble them in all possible manner to seek refund. However, the household should desists from taking loans as far as possible. He should plan his budget in such a way that he is able to save some money for the future.
The creditor may be allowed to recover his money through rightful means, by convincing, negotiation or settlement, legally or through deceptive means, by creating ruckus & use of force at the door of the debtor by the policemen.
Money lending is a business in which chances of profit & losses are always there. The debtor may die before paying-clearing off debt. He might flee with the money. In such cases mortgage of property or transfer of liability should always be there, as a legal means-tool. In India people borrow money to spend lavishly in marriages or functions. Young boys purchase cars, bikes to show off. Flats and houses are bought from fraudulent builders like Ansals, Jaypee, Parshv Nath, Super tech etc. etc. who always delay in handing over the possession of the property by misusing-misappropriating the money else where, making it very very difficult for the buyers to survive the double onslaught of interest over landed money and the instalments, simultaneously.
I am suffering at the hands of Ansals in who's project I invested the proceeds of my PF & Gratuity, nearly 35 Lakh rupees and there is little hope of recovering the money since a UP, BJP female MLA is directly involved in obstructing the filling of FIRs and action against them.
The state should come to the rescue of the money lender if he gives sufficient proof-evidence against the borrower who refuses to accept his liability and punish him as well.
This is an era where the bankers themselves are deeply involved in scandals, frauds, cheating, forgery etc. etc. with deep & active involvement of the politicians like Sonia, Shrad Pawar, Mamata Banerji etc.
The money lender should give documentary proof-evidence of the loan in case of denial by the debtor.
The Jaypee group declared itself bankrupt instead of paying back investors dues, though the properties and deposits of the directors are much more than the net assets of the companies controlled by them. Such people must be dealt with strictly and all their assets be confiscated by the government, in addition to sending them to jail. The government should cancel the passports of all directors, managers, Chairman-president etc. of the companies controlled by the group & restrict their air travel any where. They may also flee like Modis and Mallya.
The state (king or the court) should not help the plaintiff (1). who fails to establish the place-location of loan or fail to bring forward witnesses, documents in support of his claim, (2). do not accept whatever has been stated by him earlier i.e., retracts his statements or does not perceive that his statements are confused or contradictory, (3). first he accepts and then denies-retracts, (4). change his statement, (5). during cross examination accept what he has said-stated earlier, (6). threaten, talks-lures the witnesses in isolation, (7). do not like answering the questions, (9). discards questions, cross examination or speaks useless things-irrelevant topics, (10). fails to establish his claim, (11). fails to recognise the earlier-establish events.
In such cases the witnesses should also be imprisoned along with the plaintiff-complainant. However, the police should be asked to thoroughly investigate the matter, since there are people who file-lodge false cases against the rivals, innocent people with malafide intentions, in a time bound frame.
बरगलाना :: बहकाना; भटकाना, दिग्भ्रमित करना; गुमराह करना; फुसलाना, प्रलोभन देना; mislead, decoy.
The king-judge dismiss-discard the petition, if the petitioner fails to produce the witnesses on being asked to produce them.
The suit does not hold ground before the law, if evidence is not available.
If the plaintiff fails to produce witness and explain his stand, he deserve to be prosecuted-punished. If the accused fails to reply to the satisfaction of the court, he is considered guilty and deserve to be convicted.
The king (court, judge) should punish the borrower if he pretend that he has been falsely implicated or that he had not taken the loan-money, in spite of strong evidence against him and the plaintiff if he make false claim. He should impose double fine in both these cases.
The money lender should produce three virtuous witnesses in front of the learned Brahman-judge appointed by the king to prove his point.
Let me describe the type of witnesses the money lender needs and the manner in which they can be made to reveal the truth.
A household, one having a son, a neighbour from the Kshtriy, Vaeshy or Shudr Varn (caste, family) may be sought to be become a witness in financial transactions.
One should be on the safe side and should not seek any Tom and Harry as witness. The witness must be a reliable person.At present tutored witnesses can spoil the court case completely even if its genuine.At present the Justice is for sale in India. High fees of lawyers, date after date can break any one.
Members of any community who are trustworthy & known to speak the truth and aware of the duties of all communities and free from greed are entitled to become witness. Anyone who do not fulfill these requisite qualities-qualifications deserve to be dropped from the witnesses.
Those people who deal with the money lender for lending or borrowing money, friends & relatives, helpers-associates, enemies, possessors of vices, suffering from ailments or are sinners (law breakers, tainted, wretched person, criminals) should not be allowed to appear as witnesses.
In India one can easily hire witnesses and win the case.
The king Members of royalty), skilled person-mechanics, craftsmen, Brahmns practicing Yog-ascetics, acrobats-jugglers, celibates, recluse-sages should not be allowed to appear as witnesses.
Slaves (servants of the money lender), people having bad reputation (defamed) in the society, people who perform cruel (merciless, dreaded jobs) or unapproved (discarded, forbidden) jobs, aged-fragile, infants and disabled; should not be allowed to appear as witnesses.
Same person who appear in more than one case as witness should not be allowed to witness. At least three witnesses should appear as witness.
At present the judge either keep on listening to the arguments by the lawyers or talk-discuss one thing or the other with the judges over the bench. They fail to cross question-examine the witness or try to extract the truth out of the guilty & the witnesses. The cases linger on for years and years, till the witnesses either die or fail to appear before the bentch.
Extremely grievous, intoxicated, mad, tormented by hunger or thirst, fatigued, sensual-passionate, wrathful or a thief should never be allowed to be a witness.
The women should appear as witness for the women, Brahmn for Brahmns, Kshatriy for the Kshatriy, Vaeshy for the Vaeshy, Shudr for the Shudr and for the lower-out castes like Chandal one belonging to the lowest caste should appear as witnesses.
The present judicial system is totally based on British legacy and is full of defects. Hundreds of contradictory laws are outdated and obsolete-grossly useless, inapplicable and still in vogue-use. Some efforts are on to repeal them, but no effort is made to incorporate values, virtues, ethics, morality. There are several laws which have nothing to do with Hindu traditions, norms. There are several laws which are heavily tilted in favour of those who do not deserve them at all. Merit, qualification, ability have taken back seat. Every effort is made to spoil the balanced structure of the society, legally.
In case there is a riot at home (street, road, in public) or forest and some one is injured-hurt, then anyone who is present there may be produced at witness.
There are laws incorporated heavily in favour of women and the scheduled castes which are sufficient to put anyone behind the bars, without logic-reasoning, even if they themselves are at fault. The Congress & Bahujan Samaj Party are inflicting insult, torture and mental tortures-injuries over the Swarn (upper-higher) castes. Case is registered as and when so called Dalit is insulted by Swarn but nothing happens when such people insult, instigate the upper castes. The political parties like Shiv Sena and the Communists-Marxists, Extremists, escape Scot free even after burning trains, public property and thrashing hundreds of innocent civilians. In Kashmir youth under the patronage of terrorists from Pakistan and their local guardians too go without being punished when they hurt the security personal-army men. People like Mahbooba lodge complaints against the army personnel who perform their duty. Farookh Abdullah keep on abusing nation and allowed to enjoy perks, felicities meant for highly honourable people.
For the last 60 days Delhi is taken to ransom by motivated duffers of Shaheen Bagh but the Court, Police and the Government are silent spectators. [12.02.2020]
उपद्रव :: अशांति, बाधा, विकार, अव्यवस्था, विशृंखलता, दंगा, कोलाहल, अव्यवस्था, ऊधम, हलचल, हड़बड़ी, तहलका, संक्षोभ, विप्लव, झगड़ा, गुंडागर्दी, बदमाशी, उपद्रव्यता, हुल्लड़, गुलगपाड़ा, कुहराम, तूफ़ान, धावा, झंझावात, झक्कड़, किण्वन, उबाल, उफान, शोर-ग़ुल, संकट, कष्ट, दुःख, बतंगड़, गड़बड़ी, तीव्र विच्छेद, तोड़-फोड़, झनझनाहट, खडखडाहट, खटपट, खलबली, शरारत, कलह, होहल्ला, उत्पाद, राजद्रोह, दंगा-फसाद, शोर-गुल, हंगामा, झमेला; riot, Deuce, disturbance, deuce, disorder, wantonness, stir, fracas, uproar, storm, trouble, ado, clatter, fermentation, hooliganism, row, unrest, mischief making, rough-house, ructions, rumpus, seditious, shandy.
In the absence of the witnesses described above women, children, aged, relatives, student, helper, servants (slave) may also be produced as witnesses.
In case the child, old or the patient fails to reveal the truth due to unstable mind, the judge-king should guess-extract truth from their statement.
Cross questioning and connecting the events sequentially, reveals the truth. Circumstantial evidence too help in reaching the truth.
Some loose strings are always available to investigate the case & come to the truth-conclusion.
In cases pertaining to audacity-reckless effort, theft, abduction of woman, breaking of promise, imparting of harsh punishment, where visible evidence-proof is available or the culprit has been caught red handed the witnesses need not be questioned.
The king should accept the witness of the majority in the council. In case the witnesses are equal in number, he should give weightage to the virtuous (pious, distinguished) witnesses. If both the sides have such people, he should give weightage to the witness, who is performing-functional righteous Brahmn.
This is a case where the judge has to use his discretion and in that case he has to be very-very careful, tactful and wise. He should utilise his wisdom to come to the right conclusion-truth. A wrong judgement may open gates of the hell for him.
The witness, who reveals the truth, he has heard or seen by himself, is never let down by the Dharm and the Arth i.e., the demigods-deities support him morally and financially.
In Kali Yug something seen by the eyes or heard through ears may also turn to be fraud, since some people have mastered the art of cooking evidence to implicate enemies, others. A lie spoken 100 times appears to be true, like Arvind Kejriwal, a second term Chief Minister of Delhi, who openly supports the disruptive forces in Shaheen Bagh and else where.[13.02.2020]
The witness who resorts to falsehood in the court is deprived of the heaven and thrown into the hells if he do not speak the truth either seen or heard by him.
One should reveal the truth in the court even if he is not a witness and is called to say what ever has been heard or seen by him.
One may be accepted as a witness if he is not greedy (free from covetousness), but several women may not be accepted as a witness, since they are fickle by nature and the other male, who are full of vices (who are tainted with sin) too are not acceptable as witnesses.
Any thing which is revealed (deposition) by the witness naturally should be accepted but if but there is something unnatural-fishy in his statement, it should be rejected.
The judge should console the witnesses in the presence of the defendants and the plaintiff in the court and ask them questions in this manner.
सांत्वना :: दुखी और शोकाकुल व्यक्ति को समझाने-बुझाने और ढाढ़स देने की क्रिया, तसल्ली देना, आश्वासन देना, तुष्ट करने वाले शब्द और कथन बोलना; Solace, Consolation.
You should reveal the truth to the best of your knowledge, whatever dealings took place between the plaintiff and the defendants, which is known to you.
The witness attains many higher abodes (after death) and get appreciation-honour in this world as well, since even the creator-Brahma Ji too respect the truth.
The people like Raja Harish Chandr get higher abodes like Saty Lok. King Yudhistar too attained heaven after his death. The liar is sure to attain hell. The lawyers of today who advocate the falsehood, too are bound to the hell and the judges too will follow the same track who fail to deliver justice and take too long to decide a case. The justice means a short period of time, say one week or one month at the most. However, there are cases which should be settled at the spot on the same day without wasting time without hesitation.
My family-grand father & father fought a genuine case in Allahabad High Court for more than 85 years and lost the hundred of acres of land to the cultivators. The compensation awarded was just two paesa for 1,000 yards.Making us paupers-penniless. This is no justice.
One who gives false statements in the court has to suffer from water born diseases for full one hundred births.
वरुणपाश :: वरुण देव द्वारा राक्षसों को समुद्र की सीमा में सीमित रखना।
The witness is purified by speaking the truth.Truth enhances the religiosity. Therefore, the witnesses of all castes-categories should resort to speaking the truth.
The soul-a component of the God, is the witness of all deeds of the humans and assimilation of soul in the Almighty is Ultimate movement i.e., Salvation. Therefore, one must not insult the soul-the God, by falsehood amongest the public-court.
The wicked-sinner, assumes-thinks that no one is watching-observing him; but the demigods and the Almighty within him, keeps a close watch on him.
The soul within is a component of the God. Its aware of every action and its implications, but the ignorant prefers to avoid it.
The sky, the earth, the waters, (the soul within) the heart, the Moon, the Sun, the Agni-fire, Dharm Raj-Yam and the Pawan-wind, the night, the two twilights and the Dharm; they all know the abodes where life is present.
These are the essential features of life and are interdependent. They are the material forms of deities-demigods as well. Each and every activity of the organism is recorded (by Chitr Gupt under Dharm Raj) and the outcome-result has to faced by the doer at the most appropriate time fixed by the destiny.
The judge should become fresh and face the North or East direction, while listening to the case and request the pious-virtuous Brahmns, who have appeared as witness in front of him, to reveal the truth.
The Brahmn who has appeared as witness may just be asked to speak, the Kshatriy should be asked to reveal the truth, the Vaeshy should be asked to witness under oath of cow, seeds and the bearing of sin pertaining to the theft of gold; while the Shudr should be under oath of commitment of all sins if he do not reveal the truth.
It reveals the basic nature of the four communities and the traits acquired by them as a matter of habit, practice and passed on from one generation to another.
The lair is assigned to those abodes in the hells which are meant for the murderers of Brahmns, women & children, one who deceives-deserts his friend and the one who do not feel obliged on being helped on false testimony.
Please refer to :: santoshsuvichar.blogspot.com
The witness is warned that the result-outcome of all his meritorious deeds, since his birth till then, will be transferred to the dogs if he speaks contrary to the truth.
Hey gentle man! If you think that I am alone, its not so, since the Almighty is residing in your heart all the time and watching all of your actions-activities & thoughts, whether they are virtues or sins.
सौम्य :: प्रिय, उदार, क्षमाशील, प्रशम्य, सज्जन, भद्र, सुशील, मंद, शाँत, कोमल, मृदु, दयालु, सुकुमार, सुशील, प्रेमपात्र, सुंदर, प्यारा, मनोरम, मनोज्ञ, गंभीर, प्रसन्नचित, नम्र, दिलकश, मनोहर, मोहिनी, मोहन, मनभावन, आकर्षक, मधुर, सुंदर, दिलकश; kind hearted, placable, gentle, mild, placid, charming, pleasing, amiable, suave, lovely, one do not irritate easily.
If you recognise Dharm Raj the demigod of death and Dharm-virtues, the son of Sun having aura around him, a form of the Almighty & if you have no dispute with him, its immaterial whether you visit Ganga or Kurukshetr for pilgrimage, since purity of heart and willingness to reveal the truth will award you the same auspicious outcome-result of pilgrimage.
One who gives false witness is punished by Yam Raj by making him blind, compelled to beg from the enemy, shaved head, naked, hungry & thirsty.
The punishment do not stop here. One is made to fall into hells and take birth as insects, worms, reptiles, birds, trees etc. after release from the hells.
If one tells a lie on being questioned about the decision pertaining to the Dharm-specific duties, assignments; is sent to hell called Maha-Ghor keeping his mouth down.
Maha Ghor stands for most furious-torturous hell.
If one do not reveal the event-truth seen by him with his own eyes and conceals the facts-truth known to him in the court of justice, eats fish like a blind person; i.e., commit sins with the desire of attaining comforts-pleasure but gets pains, sorrow in return.
The demigods-deities do not consider anyone else supreme to the enlightened person, whose soul is not slurred-feels guilty while revealing the truth, as a witness.
The enlightened will never hide the facts. But to protect the innocent he may camouflage the events.
O diligent! How many well wishers, friends, relatives are killed as a result of false witness, listen one by one, sequentially!?
The lair under oath in the court is sinned (slurred-contaminated), adversely affected for the murder of 5 relatives for telling lies-false testimony, with respect to animals, ten relatives with respect to cows, hundred relatives with respect to horses and hundred relatives with respect to humans.
The lair is sinned for killing his progeny born out of relation with his wife from the same caste or illegitimate relational from the wife from some other caste, if he tells a lie related to gold. He is sinned for vanishing the entire living world by false testimony pertaining to the land deals.
The impact of the sin is the same as is caused by telling lie with respect to land deals, water, sex with women, intercourse with women, jewels and gems.
पाप लगना :: sin embark, to be stained with sin.
Having learnt the result-out come of the sin evolved out of telling a lie in the court against the innocent you should reveal the truth, as was seen or heard by you to skip-escape the hells.
One who is Brahmn by birth but resort to other professions like cow breeding-rearing for the sake of business-trade (buying-selling), trading, making bamboo baskets and selling them (dealing in bamboo trade in any form), dancing & singing, serving others for money; the judge should deals with them just like the Shudr.
This postulate clearly states that no one is a Brahmn by birth. He has to undergo various Sanskars-purification, to become a Brahmn after getting birth in a Brahmn family. Daksh Prajapati and his wife both were evolved out of the toes of Brahma Ji and thus they were not Brahmns. Shudrs evolved out of the toes-feet of Brahma Ji, but they were divine creations like Narad Ji as a Divine Brahmn, who evolved from the forehead of Brahma Ji. Daksh Prajapati adopted to the Kshatriy traditions. His daughters were married to various sages and thus entire human race was evolved from Mahrishi Kashyap.
Please refer to :: santoshkipathshala.blogspot.com
Fully aware of the facts-truth, who lies for the sake of the Dharm-protection of the innocent, is not deprived of the heaven-virtues. His words are termed as divine gospel.
In case an innocent-pious, virtuous, righteous is saved-protected by telling a lie by the Shudr, Vaeshy, Kshatriy or a Brahmn, its better not to speak-reveal the truth (remain silent), since in that falsehood is better than the truth. One should not be killed without fault, logic, reason, guilt, due to the truth,
One should not resort to such testimony which harms the innocents. One should avoid the conspirators, cheats, fraudsters who are busy in framing innocents in one or the other case. This is happening these days in politics, marriages, business and even in administration-bureaucracy in India.The Muslim traitors & Britishers had masterminded this.
To get rid of the sin caused by speaking the untruth, the witness should not resort to a Yagy Karm by using sacred Mantr devoted to Maa Saraswati the deity of speech.
One may preform the sacrifices without enchanting the holy-sacred verses devoted to Maa Saraswati and taking a holy dip ponds, rivers. He should avoid using boiled rice as Charu for holy sacrifices in holy fire for offering oblations as penances which are sacred to Maa Saraswati, as well.
भगवान् श्री कृष्ण ने सत्यवादी नामक तपस्वी का उदाहरण दिया है, जो कि पहाड़ पर, एकान्त में, कुटिया बनाकर तपस्या कर रहे थे। एक व्यापारी डाकुओं के डर से, उनकी कुटिया में आया और उनसे आश्रय माँगा। तपस्वी ने उसे एक कोने में छुपने को कहा। कुछ देर में डाकू उसे ढूँढ़ते हुए वहाँ पर आ गये। उन्हें मालूम था कि तपस्वी सत्यवादी है। उन्होंने व्यापारी के बारे में उनसे पूछा तो तपस्वी ने कोने की और इशारा कर दिया। डाकू उसे लूटकर-मारकर चले गये। ऐसा सत्य जो किसी निरपराध की हत्या करा दे वो किसी काम का नहीं है।
युधिष्टर सत्यवादी थे। उनसे यह कहने को कहा गया कि वो आचार्य द्रोणाचार्य के सामने यह कह दें कि अश्वस्थामा मारा गया। बहुत कहने पर उन्होंने आचार्य द्रोणाचार्य से यह कहा कि अश्वस्थामा मारा गया, मनुष्य हो या हाथी। जब उन्होने "अश्वस्थाम मृत्यो, नरः हो व कुञ्जरो" कुञ्जरो-हाथी कहा तो पाण्डवों ने जोर से शंख ध्वनि कर उसे शब्द को दबा दिया और धृष्टद्युम्न ने उनका वध कर दिया। जीतने की कामना मात्र से उन्होंने यह कहना स्वीकार किया, जिसके कारण उन्हें देवराज द्वारा निर्मृत तात्क्षणिक नर्क को कुछ क्षण के लिये भोगना पड़ा।
"ॐ कूष्माण्डायै नम:" का जाप मृत्युभय दूर करने के लिये किया जाता है। महामृत्युंजय मंत्र में उर्वारिक शब्द तोरी, घीया, खीरे जैसी वनस्पतियों के लिये आया है। इसका जाप करने से रोग, शोक, जरा-मृत्युभय दूर होता है।
One should recite "Krashmand Mantr" while offering holy sacrifices in holy fire. "Kinya Uduttamam" is a rhyme devoted to Varun Dev-deity of water, which has to be recited trice while performing Yagy, Hawan, Agnihotr-holy sacrifices in fire.
Kushmand Mantrs reduces the fear of diseases, ageing, sorrow-pain and death. Kushmand is a word used for gourds in Maha Mratunjay Mantr devoted to Bhagwan Shiv i.e., Maha Kal.
कूष्माण्ड :: तोरी, घीया, खीरे; gourd, cucurbit.
If a healthy person (physically & mentality fit) comes forward as witness within three weeks of the deliberation of the loan, he should ensure the refund of debt to the money lender and deposition of one tenth of the loan as fee in the treasury. Such people are called guarantor.
One should be extremely careful while signing such papers as guarantor for anyone and avoid such things as far as possible.
If the witness-guarantor suffers from some diseases, his house is burnt off or some one dies in his family, within one week of offering witness, he is still bound to clear the debt of the money lender and deposit fine in the court.
The rules for lending money to industrialists in India are too lex, loose and heavily loaded in favour of the borrowers. The present BJP government and earlier NDA governments too favoured corrupt businessmen, who just take the money not to refund. As a matter of fact these industrialists are made to donate to the political parties, support corrupt politicians and then the combine, loot banks-exchequer and tax payers money. After their death huge government accommodations are turned in museums and they keep burdening the poor even after their death. The salary, perks, facilities, pensions to the politicians are enormous and they are real parasites. A government servant earning too little as pension is taxed while their-politicians's pensions are tax free. Atal Bihari Vajpayee stopped pensions to government employees but pensions to dirty-corrupt- politicians, law makers are retained. Majority of law makers are criminals of various hue. How can any one expect justice from them?! Still we favour democracy.
If the truth is not known about the cause of dispute between the two parties fighting- quarrelling together, the court should put both of them under oath and then decide the matter after ascertaining the truth through other means.
Oath may compel the virtuous to withdraw, settle or reveal the truth pertaining to the case, but the wicked has to be tricked, tackled through other means.
The sages and the demigods too respect this postulate. Vashishth too took oath in front of the son of king Priyjan named Sudas.
Swearing is a common process these days. All witnesses are made to swear before the court in the name of God by putting their right hand over holy books like Geeta.
Though under oath, still they speak lies-untruth.
The wise always avoid swearing in over trivial matters, tit-bits since unnecessary swearing in spoils their present world-life (future prospects) and the next several incarnations.
There are people who swear in over small things in their normal talks by saying "कसम से, सच्ची, तुम्हारी कसम, भगवान् की कसम, कसम रौँ दी, खुदा गवाह है, रब दी सौं, कसम ले लो" etc. which must be avoided.
Deliberations-discussions, negotiations pertaining to talks for marriage with women, collection of straw-grass for the cows from jungle or land open to all, dry woods from the jungle for sacrifices in fire (Hawan, Agnihotr, Yagy) and protection of Brahmns do not cause any sin for the doer, even if some impropriety is committed there.
The judge should put the witness under oath by asking the Brahmns to swear for the truth, the Kshatriy for his vehicles and the weapons, the Vaeshy for the cows, wealth & the food grains and the Shudr may be asked to swear for all kinds of sins (imprecating-involvement in a crime, on his own head-the guilt).
निरन्वयं भवेत्स्तेयं हृत्वाऽपव्ययते च यत्॥8.332॥
The king should ascertain the righteous functioning of the Vaeshy & the Shudr, since their non performance-functioning can create disorderliness, chaos, all round trouble.
Keeping a close watch over the work force is essential. Supervisors perform this job, but they too need periodic observation and work report and regular evaluation of their deeds-performances.
प्रत्यहं देशदृष्टैश्च शास्त्रदृष्टैश्च हेतुभिः।
अष्टादशसु मार्गेषु निबद्धानि पृथक् पृथक्॥8.3॥
ये कार्य अठारह भागों में हैं। इनका देशाचार (देश, जाति, कुलादि) तथा शास्त्र विचार प्राप्त हेतुओं से पृथक-पृथक नित्य विचार करे।
Various state functions (jobs, duties) should be divided into 18 categories-divisions and assigned to workers depending over their origin-country, caste-family (traditional-family jobs), clan, skills, expertise, interest, ability etc. in accordance with the scriptures.
In India professionals perform various jobs from one generation to another and attains high levels of expertise, skills and ability. They used to perform these jobs with great care. However, onset of British empire in India distorted all this due to colonial interests and they imported machine made, cheap, inferior, low-poor quality goods; like the Chinese goods of today. Those Britishers who preferred to use Indian goods were heavily fined. Slowly and gradually the work force became weak, sluggish and adopted other menial jobs. Even the peasants were not spared their property, money, jewellery, holdings, land, houses were looted and they were made to abandon their homes and join low paid factory workers in British factories. Then suddenly the boggy of scheduled caste, tribals was raised through its agents in Indian politics. People like Gandhi & Ambedkar were encouraged-supported through divide and rule policy, which the congress preferred to continue in spite of advice by Gandhi to abandon (dis mental, discard) congress.
Muslim rulers converted Hindu working class en-mass. The converts still perform the duties traditionally, but quality, skill is lost completely. Think of a cobbler becoming a chief minister in India and spoiling the state.
तेषामाद्यं ऋणादानं निक्षेपोऽस्वामिविक्रयः।
संभूय च समुत्थानं दत्तस्यानपकर्म च॥8.4॥
वेतनस्यैव चादानं संविदश्च व्यतिक्रमः।
क्रयविक्रयानुशयो विवादः स्वामिपालयोः॥8.5॥
सीमाविवादधर्मश्च पारुष्ये दण्डवाचिके।
स्तेयं च साहसं चैव स्त्रीसङ्ग्रहणमेव च॥8.6॥
स्त्रीपुंधर्मो विभागश्च द्यूतमाह्वय एव च।
पदान्यष्टादशैतानि व्यवहारस्थिताविह॥8.7॥
उनमें पहला (1). ऋण लेना, (2). किसी के पास थाती (घर, सम्पत्ति, जमीन-जायदाद) गिरवी रखना, (3). मालिक से पूछे बगैर किसी चीज को बेचना, (4). दी हुई वस्तु को फिर से ले लेना, (5). वेतन ने देना, (6). दी हुई वस्तु से इन्कार करना, (7). की हुई व्यवस्था से इन्कार करना, (8). खरीद-फरोख्त, बिक्री, में किसी बात का अन्तर पड़ जाना, (9). स्वामी और पशु-पालकों में विवाद, (10). सीमा की तकरार, (11). गाली-गलौज करना या फिर मार-पीट करना, (12). चोरी करना, (13). जबरदस्ती किसी की चीज छीन ले लेना, (14). पराये पुरुष के साथ स्त्री का सम्बन्ध-सम्पर्क, (15). पति-पत्नी के परस्पर धर्म की व्यस्वस्था, (16). पैतृक आदि धन का विभाजन, (17). जुआ और (18). पशु-पक्षियों को लड़ाना। व्यवहार के ये ही 18 स्थान हैं।
Out of the 18 titles, the first is the non-payment of debts, followed by, (2) deposit and pledge, taking loans against something like property, jewellery etc. (3) selling of something without the permission of the master, without ownership, (4). to take back the goods given to some one i.e., resumption of gifts, (5). Non-payment of wages, (6). refusal to handover sold good, (7). non compliance of agreement-settlement, (8). discrepancy-rescission of sale and purchase, (9). disputes between the owner of cattle and his servants, (10). disputes pertaining-regarding boundaries, (11). use of foul-abusive language, quarrel or physical assault, (12). theft, (13). robbery and violence, snatching someone's goods (property, wealth, women folk) by force, (14). adultery, making relations with other males, (15). duties of husband and wife, (16). division of property-inheritance among the heirs, (17). gambling and betting (including investment in stock & shares under going wide fluctuations); (18). arranging animal, birds fights. These are 18 concerns pertaining to mutual behaviour of citizens which need state intervention in case of dispute.
एषु स्थानेषु भूयिष्ठं विवादं चरतां नृणाम्।
धर्मं शाश्वतमाश्रित्य कुर्यात्कार्यविनिर्णयम्॥8.8॥
इन 18 विषयों में विवाद करने वाले मनुष्यों के धर्म का निर्णय, परम्परागत धर्म का आश्रय लेकर करना चाहिये।Disputes pertaining to these matters be decided on traditional lines.
Normally the king was not supposed to hear these trivial matters. He constituted the apex authority. The cases were heard at the village Panchayat, Nagar, capital level and only then the king used to come into picture.
पंचायत PANCHAYATY-VILLAGE COUNCIL :: ग्राम सभा, जो कि स्थानीय समस्याओं, विवादों को सुलझाती है। इसमें 5 सदस्य होते हैं, जिनमें से प्रमुख को सरपंच कहा जाता है। It constitutes the village level authority constituting of 5 members elected by the villagers from all castes-classes. The decision used to be taken by the Sarpanch-the senior most Panch (Chief counsellor), only after consulting the other 4 members of the Panchayat. It may be called village council or assembly. Panch stands for 5 as well.
यदा स्वयं न कुर्यात् तु नृपतिः कार्यदर्शनम्।
तदा नियुञ्ज्याद्विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं कार्यदर्शने॥8.9॥
यदि स्वयं राजा काम न कर सके, तो उस काम को करने के लिये किसी विद्वान, नीति निपुण ब्राह्मण को नियुक्त करे। If the king find it difficult to spare time for hearing of such matters, disputes, cases he should depute-appoint some learned, qualified, distinguished Brahmn as the judge to decide the dispute.
The Brahmn should enjoy reputation of being truthful, neutral-impartial. He should have learnt Nyay Shastr & Dharm Shastr from some distinguished Guru-teacher.
Nyay Shastr is that branch of learning which handles judiciary.
सोऽस्य कार्याणि सम्पश्येत्सभ्यैरेव त्रिभिर्वृतः।
सभामेव प्रविश्याग्र्यामासीनः स्थित एव वा॥8.10॥
वह ब्राह्मण, कार्य देखने में चतुर तीन अन्य ब्राह्मणों के साथ राजयसभा में बैठकर या खड़े होकरराजा के कार्यों को भली-भाँति देखे। That experienced senior Brahmn, should supervise the work either by sitting or standing in the office done-looked after by the three deputies, who are Brahmns learned, experienced-mature, skilful, intelligent, clever, prudent.
The three deputies should have thorough knowledge-specialisation in special branches of justice, work, endeavours for which they have been chosen.
The king (Head of state) permits division of labour, decentralisation of power, autonomy. The head of the department can independent decisions, without the prior approval of the king. The king keeps a close watch over the working-functioning of all heads of departments and their working. Unless-until found guilty of misconduct, prejudice-bias, accepting dols-gifts (bribes), he is allowed to function-continue. Achary Chanky has made provision of fines, punishment & even imprisonment in case of officials found guilty of misconduct.
यस्मिन्देशे निषीदन्ति विप्रा वेदविदस्त्रयः।
राज्ञश्चाधिकृतो विद्वान् ब्रह्मणस्तां सभां विदुः॥8.11॥
जिस सभा में वेद जानने वाले तीन ब्राह्मण बैठते हैं और राजा का प्रतिनिधि विद्वान ब्राह्मण बैठता है, उस सभा को ब्रह्मसभा, चतुर्मुख ब्रह्मा की सभा के तुल्य कहते हैं। The council which has three Brahmns who have learnt Veds and is headed by a representative of the king, who too is a learned-enlightened Brahmn, is called Brahm Sabha equivalent to the council of the four headed Brahma Ji.
The Veds have limitless knowledge for the benefit of the humans, demigods and the demons. Each and every subject has been dealt with thoroughly. In due course of time various segments-branches of these storehouse of knowledge, are either lost or are out of the reach of humans for the fear of being misused. Only edited-truncated versions are available at present.
धर्मो विद्धस्त्वधर्मेण सभां यत्रोपतिष्ठते।
शल्यं चास्य न कृन्तन्ति विद्धास्तत्र सभासदः॥8.12॥
जहाँ सभा में धर्म (सत्य) अधर्म (असत्य) से विरुद्ध होकर आता है, यदि वहाँ सभासद अधर्म के शल्य को नहीं काटते हैं तो वे हो लोग अधर्म रूप काँटे के विद्ध (बेधा हुआ, घायल, बँधा हुआ, साथ लगा हुआ) होते हैं। If the Dharm is confronted by the Adharm (Truth against false) and the council members-judges side with the guilty they become the pro-ponders of injustice.
Ever since the country-India, came under the rule of Muslims & Britishers colonial rule, there is no hope for justice. Subsequent governments in free India too are following the same tract. One do not expect justice, since its time consuming, treachery and in the hands of those who do not want justice at all!
The judges are grossly incompetent and unaware of ethics, morale, cultures. The constitution itself is based over the unwritten British constitution. It is completely ineffective in case of criminal who have joined politics and acquiring high offices. Like Ajit Pawar, Sharad Pawar, Sonia, Maya, Mamta, Mulayam, Akhilesh, Lalu, etc. etc.
सभां वा न प्रवेष्टव्यं वक्तव्यं वा समञ्जसम्।
अब्रुवन्विब्रुवन्वाऽपि नरो भवति किल्बिषी॥8.13॥
इसलिये या तो सभा में न जाये, यदि जाये तो यतार्थ बोले। कुछ न बोलने, अधिक बोलने से मनुष्य पाप भागी होता है। One should avoid entering the court-council, either as a jury, member, judge, attorney-lawyer or witness. If he reaches there, he should speak the truth. If he do not reveal the facts (remain silent like Man Mohan Singh) or speaks too much (like Lalu Prasad Yadav) that adds some thing from his side, he acquires sin for which he has to suffer sooner or later.
यत्र धर्मो ह्यधर्मेण सत्यं यत्रानृतेन च।
हन्यते प्रेक्षमाणानां हतास्तत्र सभासदः॥8.14॥
जिस सभा में सभासदों के सामने ही अधर्म से धर्म और असत्य से सत्य मारा जाता है, वहाँ उस पाप से सभासद ही नष्ट हो जाते हैं। The court (assembly, council, parliament) where the evil over rules the virtues-truth, honesty; there the members of the council-court are destroyed due the sin they have committed by permitting this.
The Muslims, British and the congress did gross injustice with the masses and routed out in due course of time. The list of the sins of congress is too long. It deprived the general categories of their due right by reserving posts for the ignorant, ineligible, unqualified and it did not stop here. It reserved posts in promotions as well, unconstitutionally. The undeserving people like Jats, Gujjars, Patels, Yadavs etc. are all demanding reservation in spite of being financially & socially sound. However, there should be no reservation at all. All posts, jobs should be filled purely on merit basis. The author suffered at least 7 times due to this bogus practice in service.
Modi though a good human being, reliable prime minister, trust worthy; yet he continued with reservations for the sake of votes. Till the people who gets jobs on the basis of reservations forget India's growth-progress.
धर्म एव हतो हन्ति धर्मो रक्षति रक्षितः।
तस्माद्धर्मो न हन्तव्यो मा नो धर्मो हतोऽवधीत्॥8.15॥
नष्ट हुआ धर्म ही नाश करता है और रक्षित किया धर्म ही रक्षा करता है। नष्ट हुआ धर्म हमें नष्ट न कर दे, इसलिए धर्म का कभी नाश नहीं करना चाहिये। The virtues, values, justice crushed, leads to the destruction of the destroyer. The preservation of Dharm protects the preservators-protectors. The values, virtues, justice should be maintained to keep the society surviving-persisting.
Muslims and Khalistanis are bent upon destroying the Dharm which will lead to their own destruction.
वृषो हि भगवान्धर्मस्तस्य यः कुरुते ह्यलम्।
वृषलं तं विदुर्देवास्तस्माद्धर्मं न लोपयेत्॥8.16॥
सभी कामनाओं की सिद्धि की वर्षा करने वालों को वृष कहते हैं। वृष भगवत धर्म है। ऐसे धर्म का जो नाश करता है, उसे देवता वृषल कहते हैं। इसलिये धर्म का लोप न करें। Showering of virtues, fulfilment of desires is Godly conduct and the duty of the pious, (virtuous, righteous). A person who does this, is like a demigod and is called a Vrash. The person who destroys the virtues, values is called a Vrashal-destroyer of ethics, morals. Vrash is derived from Varsha-i.e., rain.
वृष :: सभी कामनाओं की सिद्धि की वर्षा करने वालों को वृष कहते हैं। वृष भागवत धर्म है।
वृषल :: जिसे धर्म आदि का कुछ भी ज्ञान न हो, फलतः कुकर्मी और पापी, शूद्र, बदचलनी या शूद्रता के कारण जातिच्युत किया हुआ ब्राह्मण या क्षत्री, घोड़ा, चन्द्रगुप्त का एक नाम। Vrashal is one violates justice, virtues, values or simply a sinner, a person who falls from a higher caste to lower caste due to his misdeeds-misconduct-sins.
एक एव सुहृद्धर्मो निधनेऽप्यनुयाति यः।
शरीरेण समं नाशं सर्वमन्यद्धि गच्छति॥8.17॥
एक धर्म ही ऐसा मित्र है जो मरने पर भी साथ जाता है और अन्य पदार्थ शरीर के साथ नष्ट हो जाते हैं। The ethics (Dharm, virtues, righteousness, piousity) is the only friend which accompany the soul even after death in next incarnation and all other materials are lost-parish with the body.
पादोऽधर्मस्य कर्तारं पादः साक्षिणमृच्छति।
पादः सभासदः सर्वान्पादो राजानमृच्छति॥8.18॥
अधर्म का चौथा भाग अधर्म करने वाले को, चौथा भाग साक्षी को, चौथा भाग सभासदों को और चौथा भाग राजा को प्राप्त होता है। Each of the doer of the crime-sin, the witness in favour of the doer, the judges-council members-jury who pass judgement in favour of the guilty and the king get one fourth of the guilt.
In this manner the king in whose empire injustice prevails is sure to achieve hells. To be sure most of the present day ministers, parliamentarians are going to hells.
राजा भवत्यनेनास्तु मुच्यन्ते च सभासदः।
एनो गच्छति कर्तारं निन्दाऽर्हो यत्र निन्द्यते॥8.19॥
जिस सभा में निंदनीय व्यक्ति की निंदा होती है, वहाँ राजा पापभागी नहीं होता और सभासद भी पाप से मुक्त होते हैं, किन्तु पाप करने वाले को ही पाप का फल भोगना होता है। The court-council-jury which punishes, condemn-reproach the guilty (the perpetrator of the crime) remain free from the sin-guilt, along with the king.
Each and every officer, administrator, governor is liable to be punished if he commits injustice in one or the other form. The only place for such bureaucrats-judges is hell, if impropriety is present in thier behaviour-working, dealings, deliberations.
जातिमात्रोपजीवी वा कामं स्याद् ब्राह्मणब्रुवः।
धर्मप्रवक्ता नृपतेर्न शूद्रः कथञ्चन॥8.20॥
केवल जाति के नाम पर जीने वाला और केवल नाम भाव से ब्राह्मण कहलाने वाला ब्राह्मण भी, राजा की ओर से धर्म प्रवक्ता हो सकता है, मगर शूद्र कभी नहीं। A person born in a Brahmn caste-family and just a Brahmn for the name sake, may be appointed to deliver orders of the king or may be assigned the job of a judge, but a Shudr can never be granted this job.
The secret lies in the genetic structure. If sow you mango tree, you will have mango fruits not the thorns of acacia (बबूल, कीकर).
वर्तमान काल में "ऐरा-गेरा नत्थू-खेरा" भी धर्मोपदेश देते देखे जाते हैं। शूद्र, अनपढ़, गँवार भी इसको धंधा बना चुके हैं। और तो और मुसलमान भी हिन्दु धर्म पर उलटी-सीधी व्याख्या-टिप्पणी करते दीखते हैं।
यस्य शूद्रस्तु कुरुते राज्ञो धर्मविवेचनम्।
तस्य सीदति तद्राष्ट्रं पङ्के गौरिव पश्यतः॥8.21॥
जिस राजा के यहाँ शूद्र न्यायकर्ता होता है, उस राजा का देश पङ्क में धँसी हुई गौ की भाँति क्लेश पाता है। The populace of the country, where the justice has been handed over-assigned to the Shudr; face tortures like the cow sunk in marsh (bog, quagmire, morass, दलदल, धसान, कच्छ भूमि, चहला, कीच-कादा).
वर्तमान भारत में न्यायाधीश क्या राष्ट्रपति और प्रधानमंत्री तक शूद्र हैं।
Kanan and Bala Krashnan are two examples where the Shudrs outwitted the judiciary. Most of those Shudr, who were elevated to high office by virtue of clutches of reservation amassed wealth beyond proportions, may it be Maya or Khadge.
A new breed of Scheduled Caste leadership is emerging which calls the Hindu society Manu Wadi-Sacretarian, like Maya Vati, Chandra Shekhar, Jignesh, Kanhaeya Kumar, Patel etc.
One during service, found the Scheduled caste officer, who were promoted against law, committing atrocities over higher castes and even blocking their promotions. It was not all they exploited the general category teachers sexually at will.
India should not have either Muslims or Christina in judiciary. Such people can not under India culture, ethics, morality, piousness etc.etc.
Kanan and Bala Krashnan are two examples where the Shudrs outwitted the judiciary. Most of those Shudr, who were elevated to high office by virtue of clutches of reservation amassed wealth beyond proportions, may it be Maya or Khadge.
A new breed of Scheduled Caste leadership is emerging which calls the Hindu society Manu Wadi-Sacretarian, like Maya Vati, Chandra Shekhar, Jignesh, Kanhaeya Kumar, Patel etc.
One during service, found the Scheduled caste officer, who were promoted against law, committing atrocities over higher castes and even blocking their promotions. It was not all they exploited the general category teachers sexually at will.
India should not have either Muslims or Christina in judiciary. Such people can not under India culture, ethics, morality, piousness etc.etc.
Reservation policy is meant to secure to votes of scheduled castes. These people are promoted-elevated to highest positions without skills, expertise, knowledge, experience, capability.
A country where the population of the Shudrs is more, is dominated by the atheists and is not inhabited by even a single Brahmn (virtuous, pious, righteous people) is bound to suffer from natural disasters, like famine epidemics (महामारी).
Pakistan is country inhibited by Sunni-converts who were Scheduled Castes earlier. It has turned into a hell hole patronised by terrorists of all hue& even a training center for terrorist activities.
The king should cover his body and occupy the seat of justice, concentrate his mind and bow in front of the demigods controlling the directions-Dikpal and begin his duty i.e., trial of the cases.
He should weigh pros & cons of the cases and consider the ethics or sins (Dharm :- virtues, values, morality; Adharm :- sins, criminality, offensiveness, non compliance-adherence to law-justice) involving the suits thoroughly, he should ask the suitors to come forward according to their respective castes.
यद्राष्ट्रं शूद्रभूयिष्ठं नास्तिकाक्रान्तमद्विजम्।
विनश्यत्याशु तत्कृत्स्नं दुर्भिक्षव्याधिपीडितम्॥8.22॥
जिस देश में शूद्र अधिक हों और नास्तिकों से आक्रांत हों, जहाँ एक भी ब्राह्मण न हो, वह सारा देश शीघ्र हो दुर्भिक्ष और रोग की पीड़ा से पीड़ित होकर नष्ट हो जाता है। A country where the population of the Shudrs is more, is dominated by the atheists and is not inhabited by even a single Brahmn (virtuous, pious, righteous people) is bound to suffer from natural disasters, like famine epidemics (महामारी).
Pakistan is country inhibited by Sunni-converts who were Scheduled Castes earlier. It has turned into a hell hole patronised by terrorists of all hue& even a training center for terrorist activities.
धर्मासनमधिष्ठाय संवीताङ्गः समाहितः।
प्रणश्य लोकपालेभ्यः कार्यदर्शनमारभेत्॥8.23॥
शरीर को आच्छादित करके, न्यायासन पर बैठ, एकाग्रचित्त हो, लोकपालों को प्रणाम करके, काम देखना आरम्भ करे। The king should cover his body and occupy the seat of justice, concentrate his mind and bow in front of the demigods controlling the directions-Dikpal and begin his duty i.e., trial of the cases.
अर्थानर्थावुभौ बुद्ध्वा धर्माधर्मौ च केवलौ।
वर्णक्रमेण सर्वाणि पश्येत्कार्याणि कार्यिणाम्॥8.24॥
अर्थ-अनर्थ दोनों को केवल धर्म-अधर्म को अच्छी तरह जानकर, वर्णक्रम से न्याय प्रार्थियों के सब कार्यों को देखे। He should weigh pros & cons of the cases and consider the ethics or sins (Dharm :- virtues, values, morality; Adharm :- sins, criminality, offensiveness, non compliance-adherence to law-justice) involving the suits thoroughly, he should ask the suitors to come forward according to their respective castes.
बाह्यैर्विभावयेत्लिङ्गैर्भावमन्तर्गतं नृणाम्।
स्वरवर्णैङ्गिताकारैश्चक्षुषा चेष्टितेन च॥8.25॥
मनुष्यों के स्वर, वर्ण, इंगित, आकार, नेत्र और चेष्टा आदि बाहरी चिन्हों से राजा उनके भीतर का भाव जाने। इस समय मोदी अन्धों में काना राजा है। उसकी आर्थिक नीतियाँ सरकारी कर्मचारियों, मध्यम वर्ग और सवर्ण के विरुद्ध हैं।
The industrialist is made to grow-progress. Poor has been turned into beggar, upper middle class is almost lost.
The king should analyse the innerself-internal disposition of the complainant, through external features like his voice, colour, postures-movements, size, eyes and gestures.
The king should be well versed with the psychology, which helps him in assessing the truth through facial expressions-gestures of the complaints and the defenders. Fear, pain, torture, repression, excitement, anger makes change in the voice, facial colour, blinking of eyes, timidness etc.
The king should analyse the innerself-internal disposition of the complainant, through external features like his voice, colour, postures-movements, size, eyes and gestures.
The king should be well versed with the psychology, which helps him in assessing the truth through facial expressions-gestures of the complaints and the defenders. Fear, pain, torture, repression, excitement, anger makes change in the voice, facial colour, blinking of eyes, timidness etc.
आकारैरिङ्गितैर्गत्या चेष्टया भाषितेन च।
नेत्रवक्त्रविकारैश्च गृह्यतेऽन्तर्गतं मनः॥8.26॥
आकार, इंगित, गति, चेष्टा, भाषण, नेत्र और मुख के विकारों से मन के अन्तर्गत की बात को जानना चाहिये। The judge-king should analyse the psyche of the accused-defender, through his aspect, postures-body movements of hands, neck; motion-speed (stress over body parts), speech, eyes (curiosity, gestures, eagerness, sensibility, stability, attentiveness, reactions), mouth (movement of tongue, teeth, cheeks) and the distractions observed over the face revealing the conscience-inner self.
The face is the index of mind.
Some people are congenital liars. Its extremely difficult to identify the truth through their gestures. As a matter of fact some people have adopted witness as their profession. The layers too are expert in speaking the lies and kill the truth these days.
ASPECT :: feature, facet, side, characteristic, particular, detail, point, ingredient, strand; the positioning of a building or other structure in a particular direction, outlook, view, exposure, direction, situation, position, location.
बालदायादिकं रिक्थं तावद्राजाऽनुपालयेत्।
यावत्स स्यात्समावृत्तो यावत्चातीतशैशवः॥8.27॥
अनाथ बालक-नाबालिग, के साम्पत्तिक अंश और धन की रक्षा राजा तब तक करे, जब तक वह वेदाध्ययन की समाप्ति कर वयस्क होकर गुरुकुल से न लौट आये। The king should take care of-protect the property, wealth, riches of the orphaned (adolescent whose parents have died); till he returns from the Gurukul-teachers abode, after acquiring education in scriptures, history, culture, Veds-comprehensive knowledge of the various faculties of learning.
वशाऽपुत्रासु चैवं स्याद्रक्षणं निष्कुलासु च।
पतिव्रतासु च स्त्रीषु विधवास्वातुरासु च॥8.28॥
वन्ध्या, पुत्रहीन स्त्री के कुल में कोई न हो, पतिव्रता, विधवा और रोगिणी स्त्री, इनके धन की रक्षा भी उसी प्रकार करे। The king should take care of the property-money of the widow, issue less woman, a woman without son in whose family every one has died, woman devoted to his husband, a diseased woman like that of the orphans.
This is the period when land mafia is willing-ready to take over-acquire the assets, wealth property of such people without hitch. Take the case of Azam Khan, a minister in Akhilesh and Mulayam Singh Yadav government, who took over the land of farmers forcibly and the chief ministers encourages him.
The government agencies are not far behind they take over the fertile-cultivable land of farmers for something and use it for something else & often the officials misappropriate such properties like Yamuna expressway and Yamuna development authority. Maya Wati and as chief minister & Anand her brother-a carpenter built assets worth 25,000 cores through acquiring properties of farmers.
The UP government failed to tame-control the builders who collected enormous amounts of money from the flat-house seekers, who are waiting for the dreamed-house, since 2,004. Swati Singh a wretched woman minister in BJP-Yogi's cabinet patronised the Ansal group and the police is not ready to lodge FIR what to talk of justice to home seekers. These white coloured criminals must be booked and punished. Their pass ports must be confiscated and their entire property be auctioned to recover the investors money with principal, interest and compensation. The RERA, consumer courts and even the Supreme Court is not willing the help the mentally tortured lot-people. Let these builders be put in jail for life term.
The king should punish the person, whether a relative or anyone else, like a thief who misappropriate-snatch the property, wealth of a surviving widow, issue less woman without a guardian.
The king-state should acquire the property, which is without owner or whose owner had died without any heir; after protecting it for three years, If the genuine heir claims the property, wealth within three years it should be handed over to him, after collecting sufficient proof, verification.
Even after 3 years if a genuine claimant is found; its the duty of the state to restore the property to him, after ascertaining his credentials.
जीवन्तीनां तु तासां ये तद्धरेयू स्वबान्धवाः।
ताञ्छिष्याचौरदण्डेन धार्मिकः पृथिवीपतिः॥8.29॥
उन जीवित स्त्रियों का धन कोई अन्य या उनके बान्धव हरण करें उन्हें चोर के समान दण्ड दिया जाये। The king should punish the person, whether a relative or anyone else, like a thief who misappropriate-snatch the property, wealth of a surviving widow, issue less woman without a guardian.
प्रणष्टस्वामिकं रिक्थं राजा त्र्यब्दं निधापयेत्।
अर्वाक् त्र्यब्दाद्धरेत्स्वामी परेण नृपतिर्हरेत्॥8.30॥
जिस धन का स्वामी नष्ट हो गया हो, उस धन को तीन वर्ष तक अपने पास रखे। यदि तीन वर्ष के पहले उस धन-सम्पत्ति का वारिस आ जाये तो उसे दे दे। अधिकारी, वंशज, वारिस न मिलने पर तीन वर्ष के बाद राजा उस धन को राजकोष के लिये स्वयं ले ले। The king-state should acquire the property, which is without owner or whose owner had died without any heir; after protecting it for three years, If the genuine heir claims the property, wealth within three years it should be handed over to him, after collecting sufficient proof, verification.
Even after 3 years if a genuine claimant is found; its the duty of the state to restore the property to him, after ascertaining his credentials.
ममेदमिति यो ब्रूयात्सोऽनुयोज्यो यथाविधि।
संवाद्य रूपसङ्ख्यादीन्स्वामी तद् द्रव्यमर्हति॥8.31॥
जो कोई कहे कि धन मेरा है तो उससे धन के सम्बन्ध में भली-भाँति जाँच पड़ताल करे। यदि वह उस धन और सँख्या आदि सब बतावे तो वह उस धन का स्वामी है और उसको लेने का अधिकारी है। The king should establish the authenticity of the claim by checking the facts and figures pertaining to the wealth and verify the identity of the claimant.
At present the police is doing this job to ascertain the authenticity of claims and put the facts & figures in the court, which decides the issues on merits. However, there is very little chance of justice.
When caught a politician says that he has full faith in the judiciary, since he knows the lawyers will be able to exonerate him by hook or crook.
Otherwise the constitution which allows the criminals to sit in the parliament needs amendments. The tainted must be in the prison and not allowed to roam freely in the society.
The king should impose penalty-fine over the false claimant to the property-wealth in terns of quantity, reason, time, size-dimensions, place etc.
The state should make endeavours to locate-trace the heirs, owner of the property. The should investigate whether he is alive, kidnapped, murdered or migrated.
The king should follow the conduct of a nice-gentle man and return the wealth to the owner after deducting 1/6, 1/10 or 1/12 of the value as tax-state levy.
If the policemen catches a thief, he should be slained by the elephants by crushing him under their feet and the stolen property should be stored safely to be handed over to the rightful owner.
It appears to be a cruel practice, but to maintain law and order such strict punishments are essential. The decoits, rapists, terrorists, murderers deserve such punishment to keep the fear of death in the minds of anti socials, criminals. Exemplary punishment is essential to keep a normal citizen away from crime-sins.
The king should hand over-restore the money-valuables recovered from the thieves to the rightful owner after ascertaining the antecedents and sufficient proof and charge either 1/6 or 1/12 of the value of it.
Its state duty to safeguard the citizens but its essential on the part of the citizens to be vigilant and careful. To maintain law and order the state needs revenue which comes through these measures.
During the period of Veer Vikrmadity the citizens did not lock their homes. The women could move from one part of the country to another without fear, even during night.
During the last 15 years the country has passed through such a phase under Man Mohan-the so called Mr. CLEAN?!, when the state machinery was deeply involved in loot, frauds, scandals, scams and the crimes are coming out in the open, now. Foreigners from Italy looted the wealth of India like the Britishers. The present government is either lenient or allowing wilfully, the culprits to escape. Vijay Mallya, Lalit Modi, Neerav Modi, Lalu, Subrato Roy, Nirav Modi etc. etc.
If the offspring of central minister (Arun Jaitly & Shushma Swaraj) represent the fugitives-culprits in the court one can understand that something is fishy.
अवेदयानो नष्टस्य देशं कालं च तत्त्वतः।
वर्णं रूपं प्रमाणं च तत्समं दण्डमर्हति॥8.32॥
जो अच्छी तरह नष्ट हुए धन का स्थान, कारण और समय न जानता हो और न उसका रूप आकार और सँख्या को ही ठीक-ठीक जानता हो तो राजा उसे धन के बराबर दण्ड दे। The king should impose penalty-fine over the false claimant to the property-wealth in terns of quantity, reason, time, size-dimensions, place etc.
The state should make endeavours to locate-trace the heirs, owner of the property. The should investigate whether he is alive, kidnapped, murdered or migrated.
आददीतार्थ षड्भागं प्रणष्टाधिगतान्नृपः।
दशमं द्वादशं वाऽपि सतां धर्ममनुस्मरन्॥8.33॥
नष्ट धन के प्राप्त होने पर राजा सज्जनों के धर्म का स्मरण करता हुआ उसका छटा, दशमांश या बारहवाँ भाग लेकर शेष उसके स्वामी को दे दे। The king should follow the conduct of a nice-gentle man and return the wealth to the owner after deducting 1/6, 1/10 or 1/12 of the value as tax-state levy.
प्रणष्टाधिगतं द्रव्यं तिष्ठेद्युक्तैरधिष्ठितम्।
यांस्तत्र चौरान्गृह्णीयात्तान् राजैभेन घातयेत्॥8.34॥
किसी का नष्ट हुआ धन राजपुरुषों द्वारा प्राप्त हो तो, राजा उसे सुरक्षित रूप से रखवा दे और उस द्रव्य के साथ जो चोर पकड़े जायें तो, उन्हें हाथी से कुचलवा दे। If the policemen catches a thief, he should be slained by the elephants by crushing him under their feet and the stolen property should be stored safely to be handed over to the rightful owner.
It appears to be a cruel practice, but to maintain law and order such strict punishments are essential. The decoits, rapists, terrorists, murderers deserve such punishment to keep the fear of death in the minds of anti socials, criminals. Exemplary punishment is essential to keep a normal citizen away from crime-sins.
ममायमिति यो ब्रूयान्निधिं सत्येन मानवः।
तस्याददीत षड्भागं राजा द्वादशमेव वा॥8.35॥
जो मनुष्य सच्चे प्रमाण के साथ कहे की यह मेरा धन है, तो राजा उस धन का छटा या बारहवाँ भाग लेकर शेष उसे दे दे। The king should hand over-restore the money-valuables recovered from the thieves to the rightful owner after ascertaining the antecedents and sufficient proof and charge either 1/6 or 1/12 of the value of it.
Its state duty to safeguard the citizens but its essential on the part of the citizens to be vigilant and careful. To maintain law and order the state needs revenue which comes through these measures.
During the period of Veer Vikrmadity the citizens did not lock their homes. The women could move from one part of the country to another without fear, even during night.
During the last 15 years the country has passed through such a phase under Man Mohan-the so called Mr. CLEAN?!, when the state machinery was deeply involved in loot, frauds, scandals, scams and the crimes are coming out in the open, now. Foreigners from Italy looted the wealth of India like the Britishers. The present government is either lenient or allowing wilfully, the culprits to escape. Vijay Mallya, Lalit Modi, Neerav Modi, Lalu, Subrato Roy, Nirav Modi etc. etc.
If the offspring of central minister (Arun Jaitly & Shushma Swaraj) represent the fugitives-culprits in the court one can understand that something is fishy.
अनृतं तु वदन्दण्ड्यः स्ववित्तस्यांशमष्टमम्।
तस्यैव वा निधानस्य सङ्ख्ययाऽल्पीयसी कलाम्॥8.36॥
जो झूठ ही कहे कि यह धन मेरा है। राजा उससे धन का आठवाँ भाग दण्ड के रूप में अथवा उसके आर्थिक मूल्य का कुछ भाग दण्ड स्वरूप वसूल करे। The king should impose a fine-penalty to the extent of 1/8 of the value of the recovered money from the false claimant or charge some money from the monetary value of the goods.
The citizens should be made to desist from making false claims. The king as well as the public should be honest unlike the present Indian law makers (parliamentarian, legislatures, counsellors) at least 50% of which are dreaded criminals.
The money-stolen property recovered by the policemen is pocked them selves. Such dishonest policemen should be punished and removed from the service. Their rights as a citizen should be withdrawn.
विद्वांस्तु ब्राह्मणो दृष्ट्वा पूर्वोपनिहितं निधिम्।
अशेषतोऽप्याददीत सर्वस्याधिपतिर्हि सः॥8.37॥
विद्वान ब्राह्मण पहले रखे हुए धन को सम्पूर्ण ले लें, क्योंकिं वह सबका स्वामी है। The Brahmn is authorised by the scriptures to keep the full treasure-wealth discovered by him, since he is the master of the earth. He owns the earth but handed it over to the Kshatriy to rule, control it.
Bhagwan Parshu Ram relinquished the earth 21 times from the clutches of the unholy Kshatriy but the Brahmns themselves offered-restored to their offspring being grossly disinterested in assets.
यं तु पश्येन्निधिं राजा पुराणं निहितं क्षितौ।
तस्माद् द्विजेभ्यो दत्त्वाऽर्धमर्धं कोशे प्रवेशयेत्॥8.38॥
पृथ्वी में गढ़े हुए प्राचीन धन को देखे तो राजा उसमें से आधा ब्राह्मणों को दे दे और शेष आधा अपने खजाने में रखवा दे। If a treasure is found buried inside the soil-earth, (is reported, found, discovered), the king should distribute half of it among the Brahmns and deposit rest of it in the state treasury.
निधीनां तु पुराणानां धातूनामेव च क्षितौ।
अर्धभाग्रक्षणाद्राजा भूमेरधिपतिर्हि सः॥8.39॥
पृथ्वी गढ़े हुए पुराने खजाने-द्रव्य और धातुओं की रक्षा करने के कारण आधे भाग स्वामी राजा होता है, क्योंकि वह भूमि का स्वामी है। Since, the king is the owner of the land and protects the buried treasures, metals inside the earth he deserves half of it.
दातव्यं सर्ववर्णेभ्यो राज्ञा चौरैर्हृतं धनम्।
राजा तदुपयुञ्जानश्चौरस्याप्नोति किल्बिषम्॥8.40॥
चोरों से जप्त किये हुए धन को राजा सब वर्णों के स्वामी को दे दे। यदि राजा स्वयं उसका उपभोग करेगा तो उसे चोरी का पाप लगेगा। The king should restore-return the property-wealth to the owners of it, irrespective of their caste-Varn. In case he utilises it for personal-state purpose, he will have to face the sin of being a thief, for which he will be punished by the Almighty.
The country is passing through a phase when the law makers do not hesitate in any sort of crime and grab personal property of the rightful owners. The state is not far behind. The poor is forced to move from pillar to post for justice in vain. The policemen keep the recovered goods and never return it to the rightful owner. Stolen motor cars, bikes, valuables are rotting in the Mal Khana (store house). Neither the policemen nor the court tries to restore it to the owner.
The state-king is only the care taker of the wealth-property of the state. Nand & Mughals considered it to be thier own and suffered later, languishing hells.
जातिजानपदान्धर्मान्श्रेणीधर्मांश्च धर्मवित्।
समीक्ष्य कुलधर्मांश्च स्वधर्मं प्रतिपादयेत्॥8.41॥
धर्मज्ञ राजा जाति धर्म, देश धर्म, श्रेणी धर्म तथा कुल धर्म की समीक्षा करके उनके अनुकूल ही अपने धर्म की व्यवस्था करे। The virtuous king should fix his responsibilities-liabilities after thoroughly analysing the Dharm-duties of castes-Varn, strata-status in the society, duties pertaining to the country and the Dharm-responsibilities pertaining to hierarchy-clan of individual and the society as whole.
He should remain neutral (unbiased) while delivering justice, orders or code of conduct for the populace.
स्वानि कर्माणि कुर्वाणा दूरे सन्तोऽपि मानवाः।
प्रिया भवन्ति लोकस्य स्वे स्वे कर्मण्यवस्थिताः॥8.42॥
अपने नित्य के कर्मों को करता हुआ मनुष्य दूर होते हुए भी अपने-अपने नैमित्तिक कार्यों में अवस्थित होने के कारण संसार का प्रिय होता है। Those who are busy in performing their duties, Varnashram Dharm with dedication, carefully, though live away-separately are admired (liked, praised) by the society.
नोत्पादयेत्स्वयं कार्यं राजा नाप्यस्य पूरुषः।
न च प्रापितमन्येन ग्रसेदर्थं कथञ्चन॥8.43॥
राजा अथवा राजा का प्रतिनिधि-न्यायकर्ता स्वयं मामला खड़ा न करे और दूसरे से धन पाने की इच्छा से कभी भी मुकदमे को ख़ारिज न करे। Neither the king nor his representative-the judge, should try to lodge-create a case of his own (file a suit) and never dismiss-hush up, discard a case in lieu of the bribery.
Police stations are auctioned which collect large sums of bribery. The Allahabad-Prayag Raj High Court noted that the UP police is an organised gang of criminals, in two separate cases by two different judges.
There is rampant corruption in judiciary at all levels be it a clerk, peon or a judge.
यथा नयत्यसृक्पातैर्मृगस्य मृगयुः पदम्।
नयेत्तथाऽनुमानेन धर्मस्य नृपतिः पदम्॥8.44॥
जैसे व्याध गिरे हुए लहू के द्वारा मृग के स्थान तक पहुँच जाता है, उसी प्रकार राजा अनुमान के द्वारा-आधार पर धर्म के तत्व तक पहुँच जाये। The judge should reach the root-cause of the case just like a hunter reaches the lair of a (wounded) deer by spotting its blood.
To deliver justice, its essential to know the circumstance, real cause, reason at the bottom of the quarrel, dispute. For this, thorough investigation is a must. Just by depending over the witnesses no one can expect justice, like what is happening in India. The judge do not apply his brain, instinct, insight, intuition or try to reason out, analyse to root cause and effect. A case is heard by numerous judges and by the time the final judgement is there its significance is lost. The role of the investigating agencies is dubious. The CBI, local police, CID dance at the tunes of the local goons in the grab of politicians-ministers, MLAs etc. The dummy prime minister just watch and allow injustice at the dictates of Christians-foreigners and Muslims in the grab of Hindu Brahmns.
सत्यमर्थं च सम्पश्येदात्मानमथ साक्षिणः।
देशं रूपं च कालं च व्यवहारविधौ स्थितः॥8.45॥
राजा न्यायासन पर स्थित सत्य, धन, आत्मा साक्षी देश, रूप और काल, इन सबको देखे। The judge should go through the intricacies of the dispute by reasoning out truth, money involved, circumstances, its impact over the society and the period (age, era) in which the case is being handled.
The judge should have the whole society in his mind while delivering judgement.
What was true for the Muslim traitors or British invaders in India is not true-logical for free India. The constitution of India, Law & Justice are the legacy of Britisher & the Muslim rulers-invaders. It is silent over virtues, morals, culture, hierarchy of India. The Supreme Court unduly interfere in the common matters pertaining to Hinduism.
सद्भिराचरितं यत् स्याद् धार्मिकैश्च द्विजातिभिः।
तद् देशकुलजातीनामविरुद्धं प्रकल्पयेत्॥8.46॥
धार्मिक, अच्छे द्विजातियों द्वारा जो आचरण किया गया हो, उसके तथा देश, कुल, जाति के अनुकूल धर्म की व्यवस्था करे। The king should make legal arrangements so that the religious and the virtuous Brahmns are able to carry forwards their practices-traditions (rituals, customs, mores, worship, Hawan, Yagy, prayers, celibacy etc.) according to their clan-hierarchy, sect, caste or the country of their origin-native place.
Creation of hurdles-obstructions in Brahmnical practices, is demonic act performed by Muslims & Christians. These days so called Dalits, down trodden & seculars too are bent upon destruction of cultural fabrics of India. They all are sure to be doomed.
अधमर्णार्थसिद्ध्यर्थमुत्तमर्णेन चोदितः।
दापयेद्धनिकस्यार्थमधमर्णाद्वि भावितम्॥8.47॥
कर्जा लेने वाले से धन दिलवा देने के लिये महाजन के प्रार्थना करने पर राजा महाजन का निमित्त धन कर्जदार से दिलवा दे। If the borrower-debtor does not wish to return the money he has landed-borrowed from the money lander-creditor, the king should make efforts to help the money lender recover his money.
The money lender used to perform like a bank with the protection of the state. With the onset of Banks in India by the British, the money lenders lost their significance. The banks were nationalised by the Indira Gandhi government, so that the loans could be forwarded easily to the borrowers to accelerate growth of business, industrialisation, but with loose strings. Several frauds have been discovered since then and most of the fraudsters have escaped the clutches of law. Nagar Wala episode clearly indicted Indira Gandhi in PNB (Punjab National Bank) fraud in which Rs.70,00,000 were withdrawn. The intelligence officials (IB) were murdered in broad day light near Muhammad Pur in Delhi and the case was buried deep in the earth.
Most of the big business empires are at present playing with the banking system. They seek loans and forget to return. The fraudsters are enjoying with the active connivance of the bank officials, politicians and the police.
Please refer to ::
(1).bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
(2). bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
(3).bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
(4). bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
(5). bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
(6). bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
During this age credit cards are in use which makes the debtor liable to pay interest at the rate of 47%. The subsequent governments are resorting to debt wavers for peasants for political gains without ascertaining the real causes behind suicides by the farmers; at the coast of the exchequer progress of the nation and motivate the debtors not to pay-return loans at the cost of the tax payers.
यैर्यैरुपायैरर्थं स्वं प्राप्नुयादुत्तमर्णिकः।
हस्तैरुपायैः सङ्गृह्य दापयेदधमर्णिकम्॥8.48॥
कर्जदार से जिन-जिन उपायों के द्वारा महाजन अपना धन प्राप्त कर सके, उन उपायों के द्वारा ऋणी से उसके धन को लेकर उसको दे दे। The king should protect lenders-creditors money and make arrangements for the recovery of the debt. The debtors must refund the money with interest.
However, the rate of interest should be reasonable and the debtors capability to return it should be assessed well in advance. His past records should be investigated thoroughly before extending loans.
These days various companies and banks make offers to the debtors to seek loans and then trouble them in all possible manner to seek refund. However, the household should desists from taking loans as far as possible. He should plan his budget in such a way that he is able to save some money for the future.
धर्मेण व्यवहारेण छलेनाचरितेन च।
प्रयुक्तं साधयेदर्थं पञ्चमेन बलेन च॥8.49॥
धर्म से, व्यवहार से, छल से, द्वार पर सिपाही के उपद्रवों से बल प्रयोग से दिये हुए धन को प्राप्त करे। The creditor may be allowed to recover his money through rightful means, by convincing, negotiation or settlement, legally or through deceptive means, by creating ruckus & use of force at the door of the debtor by the policemen.
Money lending is a business in which chances of profit & losses are always there. The debtor may die before paying-clearing off debt. He might flee with the money. In such cases mortgage of property or transfer of liability should always be there, as a legal means-tool. In India people borrow money to spend lavishly in marriages or functions. Young boys purchase cars, bikes to show off. Flats and houses are bought from fraudulent builders like Ansals, Jaypee, Parshv Nath, Super tech etc. etc. who always delay in handing over the possession of the property by misusing-misappropriating the money else where, making it very very difficult for the buyers to survive the double onslaught of interest over landed money and the instalments, simultaneously.
I am suffering at the hands of Ansals in who's project I invested the proceeds of my PF & Gratuity, nearly 35 Lakh rupees and there is little hope of recovering the money since a UP, BJP female MLA is directly involved in obstructing the filling of FIRs and action against them.
The Incharge of Pari Chowk police post, under beeta police station, Greater Noida, UP, INDIA has not registered the FIR even after the expiry of six months and is insisting upon my physical presence in the police station. I visited the DCP, submitted written complaint to SSP in 2019 and nothing fruitful happened even after visiting the top officails thrice. [12.02.2022]
Though, BJP is a principle based party, yet its full of criminals and anti social elements.
Though, BJP is a principle based party, yet its full of criminals and anti social elements.
I have suffered an online fraud but the police is unwillinmg lodge FIR, what to talk of action. [10.02.2022]
The state should not interfere if the creditors are able to recover their money without informing it.
Banks are owned by the government. The government should wipe off all legal loop holes which facilitate the employees in granting loans to unscrupulous debtors. Records of all lendings should be available with all the banks and financial institutions by linking the previous loans. All dealings of such debtors be linked to ADHAR (social security number) & PAN (income tax) card like mechanism. As soon the liability crosses a certain limit, pass ports, air travel further loans be stopped at once. Their personal property and the lockers should also be assessed to recover money. Huge debts to people like Jai Prakash Gaur, Adani, Ambani, Tata etc. need immediate scrutinisation.
यः स्वयं साधयेदर्थमुत्तमर्णोऽधमर्णिकात्।
न स राज्ञाऽभियोक्तव्यः स्वकं संसाधयन्धनम्॥8.50॥
महाजन स्वयं ही अपना धन कर्जदार से वसूल करे, किन्तु राजा को सूचित न करे तो राजा इसमें उसे न रोके। The state should not interfere if the creditors are able to recover their money without informing it.
Banks are owned by the government. The government should wipe off all legal loop holes which facilitate the employees in granting loans to unscrupulous debtors. Records of all lendings should be available with all the banks and financial institutions by linking the previous loans. All dealings of such debtors be linked to ADHAR (social security number) & PAN (income tax) card like mechanism. As soon the liability crosses a certain limit, pass ports, air travel further loans be stopped at once. Their personal property and the lockers should also be assessed to recover money. Huge debts to people like Jai Prakash Gaur, Adani, Ambani, Tata etc. need immediate scrutinisation.
अर्थेऽपव्ययमानं तु करणेन विभावितम्।
दापयेद्धनिकस्यार्थं दण्डलेशं च शक्तितः॥8.51॥
यदि ऋणी ऋण को स्वीकार न करे और धनी प्रमाणों से उसका ऋण लेना साबित करे तो उससे धनी का धन दिलाये और यथाशक्ति उसे दण्ड भी दे।The state should come to the rescue of the money lender if he gives sufficient proof-evidence against the borrower who refuses to accept his liability and punish him as well.
This is an era where the bankers themselves are deeply involved in scandals, frauds, cheating, forgery etc. etc. with deep & active involvement of the politicians like Sonia, Shrad Pawar, Mamata Banerji etc.
अपह्नवेऽधमर्णस्य देहीत्युक्तस्य संसदि।
अभियोक्ता दिशेद्देश्यं करणं वाऽन्यदुद्दिशेत्॥8.52॥
सभा (न्यायालय) में ऋणी से ऋण माँगने पर यदि ऋणी यह कहे कि "मैंने इससे कुछ नहीं लिया है" तो महाजन पत्रादि प्रमाणों द्वारा सच साबित करे। The money lender should give documentary proof-evidence of the loan in case of denial by the debtor.
The Jaypee group declared itself bankrupt instead of paying back investors dues, though the properties and deposits of the directors are much more than the net assets of the companies controlled by them. Such people must be dealt with strictly and all their assets be confiscated by the government, in addition to sending them to jail. The government should cancel the passports of all directors, managers, Chairman-president etc. of the companies controlled by the group & restrict their air travel any where. They may also flee like Modis and Mallya.
आदेश्यं यश्च दिशति निर्दिश्यापह्नुते च यः।
यश्चाधरोत्तरानर्थान्विगीतान्नावबुध्यते॥8.53॥
अपदिश्यापदेश्यं च पुनर्यस्त्वपधावति।
सम्यक्प्रणिहितं चार्थं पृष्टः सन्नाभिनन्दति॥8.54॥
असंभाष्ये साक्षिभिश्च देशे संभाषते मिथः।
निरुच्यमानं प्रश्नं च नेच्छेद्यश्चापि निष्पतेत्॥8.55॥
ब्रूहीत्युक्तश्च न ब्रूयादुक्तं च न विभावयेत्।
न च पूर्वापरं विद्यात्तस्मादर्थात्स हीयते॥8.56॥
जो धनी ऋण देने वाले स्थान में ऋणी का रहना न बताये अथवा कही हुई बात को स्वीकार न करे, पहले बात स्वीकार कर, पीछे उसके विरुद्ध भाषण करे। एक बार कहकर दूसरी बार उसी बात को दूसरे ढंग से कहे, पूछे जाने पर भली-भाँति प्रतिज्ञा की हुई बातों का समर्थन न करे, निर्जन स्थान में गवाहों के साथ बात करे (धमकी दे, बरगलाये, लालच दे), प्रश्नों का पूछा जाना पसन्द न करे, प्रश्नोत्तरों के डर से इधर-उधर बात करे या टालमटोल करे, कहो यह कहने पर कुछ भी न कहे, कही हुई बातों को साबित न कर सके, जो पूर्वापर को न जाने, वह ऋणी से धन पाने योग्य नहीं है अर्थात उसे राजा धन न दिलवाये। The state (king or the court) should not help the plaintiff (1). who fails to establish the place-location of loan or fail to bring forward witnesses, documents in support of his claim, (2). do not accept whatever has been stated by him earlier i.e., retracts his statements or does not perceive that his statements are confused or contradictory, (3). first he accepts and then denies-retracts, (4). change his statement, (5). during cross examination accept what he has said-stated earlier, (6). threaten, talks-lures the witnesses in isolation, (7). do not like answering the questions, (9). discards questions, cross examination or speaks useless things-irrelevant topics, (10). fails to establish his claim, (11). fails to recognise the earlier-establish events.
In such cases the witnesses should also be imprisoned along with the plaintiff-complainant. However, the police should be asked to thoroughly investigate the matter, since there are people who file-lodge false cases against the rivals, innocent people with malafide intentions, in a time bound frame.
बरगलाना :: बहकाना; भटकाना, दिग्भ्रमित करना; गुमराह करना; फुसलाना, प्रलोभन देना; mislead, decoy.
Present Indian constitution was framed by a committe headed by Ambaedkar-a Shudr, who adopted Christianity twice and ultimately settled for Buddhism. This constitution has numerous lackuna which can not be eliminated unless-untill wise, learned people reach parliament. At present nearly helf of the legislators are notified criminals with murder, forgery, abduction, rape, fraud etc. cases aginst them. How can one expect justice from them. The constitution is more or less a copy-replica of the British Raj.
साक्षिणः सन्ति मेत्युक्त्वा दिशेत्युक्तो दिशेन्न यः।
धर्मस्थः कारणैरेतैर्हीनं तमपि निर्दिशेत्॥8.57॥
मेरे साक्षी हैं, यह कहकर, बुलाने पर साक्षी प्रस्तुत न कर सके, उसे धर्मशील राजा इस सब कारणों से हीन कायम रखे। The king-judge dismiss-discard the petition, if the petitioner fails to produce the witnesses on being asked to produce them.
The suit does not hold ground before the law, if evidence is not available.
अभियोक्ता न चेद् ब्रूयाद् बध्यो दण्ड्यश्च धर्मतः।
न चेत्त्रिपक्षात्प्रब्रूयाद्धर्मं प्रति पराजितः॥8.58॥
जो अभियोगी (मुद्दई) अपने अभियोग के विषय में कुछ न बोले, वह धर्मतः बन्धन या दण्ड के योग्य होता है। जो अभियुक्त (मुद्दालेह) तीन पक्ष के भीतर कुछ जबाब न दे, उसे धर्मतः पराजित समझना चाहिये। If the plaintiff fails to produce witness and explain his stand, he deserve to be prosecuted-punished. If the accused fails to reply to the satisfaction of the court, he is considered guilty and deserve to be convicted.
यो यावद्निह्नुवीतार्थं मिथ्या यावति वा वदेत्।
तौ नृपेण ह्यधर्मज्ञौ दाप्यौ तद्द्विगुणं दमम्॥8.59॥
ऋणी ऋण लेकर जितना न लेने का बहाना करे और धनी ऋणी पर जितना अधिक झूठा दावा करे राजा दोनों अधर्मियों पर दुगना दण्ड करे। The king (court, judge) should punish the borrower if he pretend that he has been falsely implicated or that he had not taken the loan-money, in spite of strong evidence against him and the plaintiff if he make false claim. He should impose double fine in both these cases.
पृष्टोऽपव्ययमानस्तु कृतावस्थो धनेषिणा ।
त्र्यवरैः साक्षिभिर्भाव्यो नृपब्राह्मणसंनिधौ॥8.60॥
न्यायालय धनी द्वारा बुलाकर पूछे जाने पर, यदि ऋणी ऋण को अस्वीकार करे, तो धनी राजनियुक्त विद्वान ब्राह्मण के सम्मुख कम से कम तीन श्रेष्ठ साक्षियों को देकर अपना विचार करावे। The money lender should produce three virtuous witnesses in front of the learned Brahman-judge appointed by the king to prove his point.
यादृशा धनिभिः कार्या व्यवहारेषु साक्षिणः।
तादृशान्सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि यथा वाच्यमृतं च तैः॥8.61॥
लेन-देन के व्यवहार में कैसे गवाह करने चाहिये और उन गवाहों से कैसे सत्य बुलवाना चाहिये, वह अब कहता हूँ। Let me describe the type of witnesses the money lender needs and the manner in which they can be made to reveal the truth.
गृहिणः पुत्रिणो मौलाः क्षत्रविट्शूद्रयोनयः।
अर्थ्युक्ताः साक्ष्यमर्हन्ति न ये केचिदनापदि॥8.62॥
गृहस्थ, पुत्रवान, पड़ोस का रहने वाला क्षत्रिय, वैश्य और शूद्र, ये लोग अर्थी के कहे जाने पर साक्षी दे सकते हैं.निरापद अवस्था में जिस-तिस (ऐरे-गैरे) की गवाही नहीं ली जा सकती। A household, one having a son, a neighbour from the Kshtriy, Vaeshy or Shudr Varn (caste, family) may be sought to be become a witness in financial transactions.
One should be on the safe side and should not seek any Tom and Harry as witness. The witness must be a reliable person.At present tutored witnesses can spoil the court case completely even if its genuine.At present the Justice is for sale in India. High fees of lawyers, date after date can break any one.
आप्ताः सर्वेषु वर्णेषु कार्याः कार्येषु साक्षिणः।
सर्वधर्मविदोऽलुब्धा विपरीतांस्तु वर्जयेत्॥8.63॥
जो सब वर्णों में यतार्थ वक्ता, सब धर्मों के ज्ञाता और लोभ रहित हों, वे लेन-देन व्यवहार में साक्षी करने योग्य हैं, जो इनके विरुद्ध गुण वाले हों, उन्हें छोड़ देना चाहिये। Members of any community who are trustworthy & known to speak the truth and aware of the duties of all communities and free from greed are entitled to become witness. Anyone who do not fulfill these requisite qualities-qualifications deserve to be dropped from the witnesses.
नार्थसम्बन्धिनो नाप्ता न सहाया न वैरिणः।
न दृष्टदोषाः कर्तव्या न व्याध्यार्ता न दूषिताः॥8.64॥
जो धनी से द्रव्य का लेन-देन करते हों, इष्ट-मित्र हों, सहायक हों, शत्रु हों, जो दोषों से (मिथ्या भाषण आदि) ग्रसित हों, जो व्याधि पीडित हों और पाप से दूषित हों, उनसे साक्षी दिलानी चाहिये। Those people who deal with the money lender for lending or borrowing money, friends & relatives, helpers-associates, enemies, possessors of vices, suffering from ailments or are sinners (law breakers, tainted, wretched person, criminals) should not be allowed to appear as witnesses.
In India one can easily hire witnesses and win the case.
न साक्षी नृपतिः कार्यो न कारुककुशीलवौ।
न श्रोत्रियो न लिङ्गस्थो न सङ्गेभ्यो विनिर्गतः॥8.65॥
राजा, कारीगर, नट, श्रोत्रिय (वेदाभ्यासी, कर्म-कर्तव्य परायण) ब्रह्मचारी और सन्यासी, ये लोग गवाह न माने जायें। The king Members of royalty), skilled person-mechanics, craftsmen, Brahmns practicing Yog-ascetics, acrobats-jugglers, celibates, recluse-sages should not be allowed to appear as witnesses.
नाध्यधीनो न वक्तव्यो न दस्युर्न विकर्मकृत्।
न वृद्धो न शिशुर्नैको नान्त्यो न विकलेन्द्रियः॥8.66॥
दास, जो समाज में निन्दनीय हों, क्रूरकर्मी, निषिद्ध कर्म करने वाले, बूढ़ा, अन्त्यज और विकलांग तथा किसी एक ही व्यक्ति को गवाह न करे अर्थात कम से कम तीन गवाह होने चाहिये। Slaves (servants of the money lender), people having bad reputation (defamed) in the society, people who perform cruel (merciless, dreaded jobs) or unapproved (discarded, forbidden) jobs, aged-fragile, infants and disabled; should not be allowed to appear as witnesses.
Same person who appear in more than one case as witness should not be allowed to witness. At least three witnesses should appear as witness.
At present the judge either keep on listening to the arguments by the lawyers or talk-discuss one thing or the other with the judges over the bench. They fail to cross question-examine the witness or try to extract the truth out of the guilty & the witnesses. The cases linger on for years and years, till the witnesses either die or fail to appear before the bentch.
नार्तो न मत्तो नोन्मत्तो न क्षुत्तृष्णोपपीडितः।
न श्रमार्तो न कामार्तो न क्रुद्धो नापि तस्करः॥8.67॥
शोकार्त, मत्त, पागल, भूख-प्यास से पीड़ित, परिश्रम से थका हुआ, कामातुर, क्रोधी और चोर को साक्षी न करे। Extremely grievous, intoxicated, mad, tormented by hunger or thirst, fatigued, sensual-passionate, wrathful or a thief should never be allowed to be a witness.
स्त्रीणां साक्ष्यं स्त्रियः कुर्युर्द्विजानां सदृशा द्विजाः।
शूद्राश्च सन्तः शूद्राणाम्न्त्यानामन्त्ययोनयः॥8.68॥
स्त्रियों के साक्षी के लिये स्त्रियों को गवाह करे, ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय और वैश्यों के गवाह उनके सजातीय हों, शूद्रों के शूद्र और चांडाल आदि नीच जातियों के साक्षी उनकी जाति वाले हों। The women should appear as witness for the women, Brahmn for Brahmns, Kshatriy for the Kshatriy, Vaeshy for the Vaeshy, Shudr for the Shudr and for the lower-out castes like Chandal one belonging to the lowest caste should appear as witnesses.
The present judicial system is totally based on British legacy and is full of defects. Hundreds of contradictory laws are outdated and obsolete-grossly useless, inapplicable and still in vogue-use. Some efforts are on to repeal them, but no effort is made to incorporate values, virtues, ethics, morality. There are several laws which have nothing to do with Hindu traditions, norms. There are several laws which are heavily tilted in favour of those who do not deserve them at all. Merit, qualification, ability have taken back seat. Every effort is made to spoil the balanced structure of the society, legally.
अनुभावी तु यः कश्चित्कुर्यात्साक्ष्यं विवादिनाम्।
अन्तर्वेश्मन्यरण्ये वा शरीरस्यापि चात्यये॥8.69॥
घर में या जंगल में उपद्रव होने पर किसी के द्वारा शरीर पर चोट होने पर, वहाँ पर जो कोई हो, उसी को साक्षी करना चाहिये। In case there is a riot at home (street, road, in public) or forest and some one is injured-hurt, then anyone who is present there may be produced at witness.
There are laws incorporated heavily in favour of women and the scheduled castes which are sufficient to put anyone behind the bars, without logic-reasoning, even if they themselves are at fault. The Congress & Bahujan Samaj Party are inflicting insult, torture and mental tortures-injuries over the Swarn (upper-higher) castes. Case is registered as and when so called Dalit is insulted by Swarn but nothing happens when such people insult, instigate the upper castes. The political parties like Shiv Sena and the Communists-Marxists, Extremists, escape Scot free even after burning trains, public property and thrashing hundreds of innocent civilians. In Kashmir youth under the patronage of terrorists from Pakistan and their local guardians too go without being punished when they hurt the security personal-army men. People like Mahbooba lodge complaints against the army personnel who perform their duty. Farookh Abdullah keep on abusing nation and allowed to enjoy perks, felicities meant for highly honourable people.
For the last 60 days Delhi is taken to ransom by motivated duffers of Shaheen Bagh but the Court, Police and the Government are silent spectators. [12.02.2020]
उपद्रव :: अशांति, बाधा, विकार, अव्यवस्था, विशृंखलता, दंगा, कोलाहल, अव्यवस्था, ऊधम, हलचल, हड़बड़ी, तहलका, संक्षोभ, विप्लव, झगड़ा, गुंडागर्दी, बदमाशी, उपद्रव्यता, हुल्लड़, गुलगपाड़ा, कुहराम, तूफ़ान, धावा, झंझावात, झक्कड़, किण्वन, उबाल, उफान, शोर-ग़ुल, संकट, कष्ट, दुःख, बतंगड़, गड़बड़ी, तीव्र विच्छेद, तोड़-फोड़, झनझनाहट, खडखडाहट, खटपट, खलबली, शरारत, कलह, होहल्ला, उत्पाद, राजद्रोह, दंगा-फसाद, शोर-गुल, हंगामा, झमेला; riot, Deuce, disturbance, deuce, disorder, wantonness, stir, fracas, uproar, storm, trouble, ado, clatter, fermentation, hooliganism, row, unrest, mischief making, rough-house, ructions, rumpus, seditious, shandy.
स्त्रियाऽप्यसंभवे कार्यं बालेन स्थविरेण वा।
शिष्येण बन्धुना वाऽपि दासेन भृतकेन वा॥8.70॥
पूर्वोक्त साक्षी न मिलने पर स्त्री, बालक, वृद्ध, शिष्य, बन्धु, टहलू और कर्मचारी से भी गवाह का काम लिया जा सकता है। In the absence of the witnesses described above women, children, aged, relatives, student, helper, servants (slave) may also be produced as witnesses.
बालवृद्धातुराणां च साक्ष्येषु वदतां मृषा।
जानीयादस्थिरां वाचमुत्सिक्तमनसा तथा॥8.71॥
अस्थिर चित्त रहने के कारण बालक, वृद्ध और रोगी यदि गवाही देते समय झूठ बोलें तो राजा अनुमान द्वारा उनके कथन के सत्यांश को जाने। In case the child, old or the patient fails to reveal the truth due to unstable mind, the judge-king should guess-extract truth from their statement.
Cross questioning and connecting the events sequentially, reveals the truth. Circumstantial evidence too help in reaching the truth.
Some loose strings are always available to investigate the case & come to the truth-conclusion.
साहसेषु च सर्वेषु स्तेय संग्रहणेषु च।
वाग्दण्डयोश्च पारुष्ये न परीक्षेत साक्षिणः॥8.72॥
साहस के सभी काम, चोरी और स्त्रीहरण, वचन और दण्ड की कठोरता, इनमें साक्षियों की परीक्षा न करे।In cases pertaining to audacity-reckless effort, theft, abduction of woman, breaking of promise, imparting of harsh punishment, where visible evidence-proof is available or the culprit has been caught red handed the witnesses need not be questioned.
बहुत्वं परिगृह्णीयात्साक्षिद्वैधे नराधिपः।
समेषु तु गुणोत्कृष्टान्गुणिद्वैधे द्विजोत्तमान्॥8.73॥
साक्षियों के परस्पर विरोध में बहुमत जिस बात में हो राजा उसी को प्रामणिक माने। विरुद्ध भाषियों की सँख्या बराबर होने पर विशेष गुणवान साक्षी के कथन को ही प्रमाण माना जाये। दोनों गुणवान हों तो उनमें से जो क्रियावान ब्राह्मण हो उसी का वचन प्रमाण माने। The king should accept the witness of the majority in the council. In case the witnesses are equal in number, he should give weightage to the virtuous (pious, distinguished) witnesses. If both the sides have such people, he should give weightage to the witness, who is performing-functional righteous Brahmn.
This is a case where the judge has to use his discretion and in that case he has to be very-very careful, tactful and wise. He should utilise his wisdom to come to the right conclusion-truth. A wrong judgement may open gates of the hell for him.
समक्षदर्शनात् साक्ष्यं श्रवणाच्चैव सिध्यति।
तत्र सत्यं ब्रुवन् साक्षी धर्मार्थाभ्यां न हीयते॥8.74॥
आँख से देखी कान से सुनी हुई बातों की साक्ष्य सिद्ध होती है। जो जैसा मालूम हो वैसा ही सच-सच कहने वाला साक्षी, धर्म और अर्थ से हीं नहीं होता। The witness, who reveals the truth, he has heard or seen by himself, is never let down by the Dharm and the Arth i.e., the demigods-deities support him morally and financially.
In Kali Yug something seen by the eyes or heard through ears may also turn to be fraud, since some people have mastered the art of cooking evidence to implicate enemies, others. A lie spoken 100 times appears to be true, like Arvind Kejriwal, a second term Chief Minister of Delhi, who openly supports the disruptive forces in Shaheen Bagh and else where.[13.02.2020]
साक्षी दृष्टश्रुतादन्यद्विब्रुवन्नार्यसंसदि।
अवाङ्नरकमभ्येति प्रेत्य स्वर्गाच्च हीयते॥8.75॥
श्रेष्ठ सभा में यदि आँख से देखी-सुनी बातों के विरुद्ध भाषण करे अर्थात झूठ बोले, तो वह मरने पर अधोमुख हो, नर्क में जाता है और स्वर्ग से वंचित होता है। The witness who resorts to falsehood in the court is deprived of the heaven and thrown into the hells if he do not speak the truth either seen or heard by him.
Present day leaders (rulers) are not worried about their next birth. Putin is bent upon crushing Ukraine. The Arabs are fighting amongest themselves.
यत्रानिबद्धोऽपीक्षेत शृणुयाद्वाऽपि किञ्चिन।
पृष्टस्तत्रापि तद् ब्रूयाद्यथादृष्टं यथाश्रुतम्॥8.76॥
साक्षी न होते हुए भी (ऋण दानादि के विषय में जो कुछ देखा हो या सुना हो) यदि न्याय सभा-न्यायालय में उससे कुछ पूछा जाये तो वह जो कुछ देखा-सुना हो सच-सच कह दे। One should reveal the truth in the court even if he is not a witness and is called to say what ever has been heard or seen by him.
एकोऽलुब्धस्तु साक्षी स्याद्बह्व्यः शुच्योऽपि न स्त्रियः।
स्त्रीबुद्धेरस्थिरत्वात्तु दोषैश्चान्येऽपि ये वृताः॥8.77॥
एक भी निर्लोभी पुरुष साक्षी हो सकता है, परन्तु बहुत स्त्रियाँ पवित्र होने पर भी साक्षी नहीं हो सकतीं, क्योंकि स्त्रियाँ बुद्धि से चंचल होती हैं और दोषों से घिरे अन्य मनुष्य भी साक्षी के योग्य नहीं होते। One may be accepted as a witness if he is not greedy (free from covetousness), but several women may not be accepted as a witness, since they are fickle by nature and the other male, who are full of vices (who are tainted with sin) too are not acceptable as witnesses.
स्वभावेनैव यद् ब्रूयुस्तद् ग्राह्यं व्यावहारिकम्।
अतो यदन्यद्विब्रूयुर्धर्मार्थं तदपार्थकम्॥8.78॥
साक्षी स्वभाव से ही जो कुछ कहे, वह व्यवहार के लिये स्वीकार करना चाहिये। इसके विरुद्ध अस्वभाविक रीति से साक्षी द्वारा जो कुछ कहा जाये वह न्याय के लिये अग्राह्य है। Any thing which is revealed (deposition) by the witness naturally should be accepted but if but there is something unnatural-fishy in his statement, it should be rejected.
सभान्तः साक्षिणः प्राप्तानर्थिप्रत्यर्थिसन्निधौ।
प्राड् विवाकोऽनुयुञ्जीत विधिना तेन सान्त्वयन्॥8.79॥
न्यायकर्ता सभा में वादी-प्रतिवादियों के सम्मुख, उपस्थित साक्षियों को इस प्रकर सांत्वना देते हुआ प्रश्न पूछे। The judge should console the witnesses in the presence of the defendants and the plaintiff in the court and ask them questions in this manner.
सांत्वना :: दुखी और शोकाकुल व्यक्ति को समझाने-बुझाने और ढाढ़स देने की क्रिया, तसल्ली देना, आश्वासन देना, तुष्ट करने वाले शब्द और कथन बोलना; Solace, Consolation.
यद् द्वयोरनयोर्वेत्थ कार्येऽस्मिंश्चेष्टितं मिथः।
तद् ब्रूत सर्वं सत्येन युष्माकं ह्यत्र साक्षिता॥8.80॥
इन दोनों वादी प्रतिवादियों के बीच इस विषय में जो कुछ व्यवहार हुआ है, तुम जानते हो, सब सच-सच कहो, क्योंकि इसमें तुम लोगों की गवाही है। You should reveal the truth to the best of your knowledge, whatever dealings took place between the plaintiff and the defendants, which is known to you.
सत्यं साक्ष्ये ब्रुवन्साक्षी लोकानाप्नोति पुष्कलान्।
इह चानुत्तमां कीर्तिं वागेषा ब्रह्मपूजिता॥8.81॥
गवाही देते वक्त सच बोलकर साक्षी अनेक उत्तम लोकों को पाता है। यहाँ भी अति उत्तम यश पाता है, क्योंकि सत्य वाणी का आदर ब्रह्मा जी भी करते हैं। The witness attains many higher abodes (after death) and get appreciation-honour in this world as well, since even the creator-Brahma Ji too respect the truth.
The people like Raja Harish Chandr get higher abodes like Saty Lok. King Yudhistar too attained heaven after his death. The liar is sure to attain hell. The lawyers of today who advocate the falsehood, too are bound to the hell and the judges too will follow the same track who fail to deliver justice and take too long to decide a case. The justice means a short period of time, say one week or one month at the most. However, there are cases which should be settled at the spot on the same day without wasting time without hesitation.
My family-grand father & father fought a genuine case in Allahabad High Court for more than 85 years and lost the hundred of acres of land to the cultivators. The compensation awarded was just two paesa for 1,000 yards.Making us paupers-penniless. This is no justice.
साक्ष्येऽनृतं वदन्पाशैर्बध्यते वारुणैर्भृशम्।
विवशः शतमाजातीस्तस्मात्साक्ष्यं वदेद्तम्॥8.82॥
गवाही में झूठ बोलने वाला कठोर वरुणपाश में वद्ध सौ जन्म तक विवश होकर कष्ट पाता है। इसलिये गवाह को सच बोलना चाहिये। One who gives false statements in the court has to suffer from water born diseases for full one hundred births.
वरुणपाश :: वरुण देव द्वारा राक्षसों को समुद्र की सीमा में सीमित रखना।
सत्येन पूयते साक्षी धर्मः सत्येन वर्धते।
तस्मात्सत्यं हि वक्तव्यं सर्ववर्णेषु साक्षिभिः॥8.83॥
सच बोलने से गवाह पवित्र हो जाता है। सत्य से धर्म की वृद्धि होती है। इसलिये सभी वर्णों के गवाहों को सत्य ही बोलना चाहिये। The witness is purified by speaking the truth.Truth enhances the religiosity. Therefore, the witnesses of all castes-categories should resort to speaking the truth.
आत्मैव ह्यात्मनः साक्षी गतिरात्मा तथाऽऽत्मनः।
माऽवमंस्थाः स्वमात्मानं नृणां साक्षिणमुत्तमम्॥8.84॥
आत्मा ही अपने कर्मों का साक्षी है, आत्मा ही अपनी गति है, इसलिये मनुष्यों के बीच अपने उत्तम साक्षी आत्मा का (मिथ्या भाषण से) अपमान नहीं करना चाहिये। The soul-a component of the God, is the witness of all deeds of the humans and assimilation of soul in the Almighty is Ultimate movement i.e., Salvation. Therefore, one must not insult the soul-the God, by falsehood amongest the public-court.
मन्यन्ते वै पापकृतो न कश्चित्पश्यतीति नः।
तांस्तु देवाः प्रपश्यन्ति स्वस्यैवान्तरपूरुषः॥8.85॥
पाप करने वाले समझते हैं कि हमें कोई देखता नहीं है, परन्तु देवता और उनके अन्तर्गत आत्मस्वरूप पुरुष उन पापों को देखते हैं। The wicked-sinner, assumes-thinks that no one is watching-observing him; but the demigods and the Almighty within him, keeps a close watch on him.
The soul within is a component of the God. Its aware of every action and its implications, but the ignorant prefers to avoid it.
द्यौर्भूमिरापो हृदयं चन्द्रार्काग्नियमानिलाः।
रात्रिः संध्ये च धर्मश्च वृत्तज्ञाः सर्वदेहिनाम्॥8.86॥
आकाश, भूमि, जल, हृदय, चन्द्रमा, सूर्य, अग्नि, यम, वायु, रात्रि, दोनों सँध्या और धर्म ये सब प्राणियों के सब लोक जानते हैं। The sky, the earth, the waters, (the soul within) the heart, the Moon, the Sun, the Agni-fire, Dharm Raj-Yam and the Pawan-wind, the night, the two twilights and the Dharm; they all know the abodes where life is present.
These are the essential features of life and are interdependent. They are the material forms of deities-demigods as well. Each and every activity of the organism is recorded (by Chitr Gupt under Dharm Raj) and the outcome-result has to faced by the doer at the most appropriate time fixed by the destiny.
देवब्राह्मणसांनिध्ये साक्ष्यं पृच्छेद्तं द्विजान्।
उदङ्मुखान्प्राङ्मुखान्वा पूर्वाह्णो वै शुचिः शुचीन्॥8.87॥
पूर्वान्ह में न्यायकर्ता पवित्र होकर देवता और ब्राह्मणों के समीप उत्तर या पूर्व की ओर मुँह किये हुए, पवित्र द्विजों से सच-सच गवाही देने को कहे। The judge should become fresh and face the North or East direction, while listening to the case and request the pious-virtuous Brahmns, who have appeared as witness in front of him, to reveal the truth.
ब्रूहीति ब्राह्मणं पृच्छेत्सत्यं ब्रूहीति पार्थिवम्।
गोबीजकाञ्चनैर्वैश्यं शूद्रं सर्वैस्तु पातकैः॥8.88॥
ब्राह्मण गवाह से केवल इतना कहे कि कहो, क्षत्रिय से कहे कि सत्य कहो, वैश्य से गौ, बीज और सोना चुराने की शपथ करावे और शूद्र से सब पापों की शपथ कराकर साक्ष्य देने को कहे। The Brahmn who has appeared as witness may just be asked to speak, the Kshatriy should be asked to reveal the truth, the Vaeshy should be asked to witness under oath of cow, seeds and the bearing of sin pertaining to the theft of gold; while the Shudr should be under oath of commitment of all sins if he do not reveal the truth.
It reveals the basic nature of the four communities and the traits acquired by them as a matter of habit, practice and passed on from one generation to another.
ब्रह्मघ्नो ये स्मृता लोका ये च स्त्रीबालघातिनः।
मित्रद्रुहः कृतघ्नस्य ते ते स्युर्ब्रुवतो मृषा॥8.89॥
ब्रह्मघाती और स्त्री तथा बालकों के वध करने वाले को, मित्रद्रोही तथा कृतघ्न को जो-जो लोक (नर्क) प्राप्त होते हैं, वे सब झूठी गवाही देने वाले को प्राप्त होते हैं। The lair is assigned to those abodes in the hells which are meant for the murderers of Brahmns, women & children, one who deceives-deserts his friend and the one who do not feel obliged on being helped on false testimony.
Please refer to :: santoshsuvichar.blogspot.com
जन्मप्रभृति यत्किंचित्पुण्यं भद्र! त्वया कृतम्।
तत्ते सर्वं शुनो गच्छेद्यदि ब्रूयास्त्वमन्यथा॥8.90॥
हे सज्जन, यदि तुम अन्यथा (झूठी गवाही दोगे) तो जन्म से आज तक तुमने जो कुछ धर्म किया है, वह सब कुत्तों को मिलेगा। The witness is warned that the result-outcome of all his meritorious deeds, since his birth till then, will be transferred to the dogs if he speaks contrary to the truth.
एकोऽहमस्मीत्यात्मानं यस्त्वं कल्याण मन्यसे।
नित्यं स्थितस्ते ह्यद्येष पुण्यपापेक्षिता मुनिः॥8.91॥
हे सौम्य! मैं अकेला ही हूँ, ऐसा जो तुम मानते-सोचते हो वह ठीक नहीं है, क्योंकि पुण्य और पाप को देखने वाला परमात्मा तो सदा तुम्हारे हृदय में स्थित है। Hey gentle man! If you think that I am alone, its not so, since the Almighty is residing in your heart all the time and watching all of your actions-activities & thoughts, whether they are virtues or sins.
सौम्य :: प्रिय, उदार, क्षमाशील, प्रशम्य, सज्जन, भद्र, सुशील, मंद, शाँत, कोमल, मृदु, दयालु, सुकुमार, सुशील, प्रेमपात्र, सुंदर, प्यारा, मनोरम, मनोज्ञ, गंभीर, प्रसन्नचित, नम्र, दिलकश, मनोहर, मोहिनी, मोहन, मनभावन, आकर्षक, मधुर, सुंदर, दिलकश; kind hearted, placable, gentle, mild, placid, charming, pleasing, amiable, suave, lovely, one do not irritate easily.
यमो वैवस्वतो देवो यस्तवैष हृदि स्थितः।
तेन चेदविवादस्ते मा गङ्गां मा कुरून् गमः॥8.92॥
तुम्हारे हृदय में जो संयम करने वाला वैवस्वृत पुत्र दण्डधारी यम और तेजोरूप देव बैठा हुआ है, उसके साथ यदि तुम्हारा विवाद नहीं है, तो गङ्गा या कुरुक्षेत्र मत जाओ। If you recognise Dharm Raj the demigod of death and Dharm-virtues, the son of Sun having aura around him, a form of the Almighty & if you have no dispute with him, its immaterial whether you visit Ganga or Kurukshetr for pilgrimage, since purity of heart and willingness to reveal the truth will award you the same auspicious outcome-result of pilgrimage.
नग्नो मुण्डः कपालेन च भिक्षार्थी क्षुत्पिपासितः।
अन्धः शत्रुकुलं गच्छेद्यः साक्ष्यमनृतं वदेत्॥8.93॥
जो झूठी गवाही देता है, वह अँधा, सिर मुंडाये हुए, नंगा और भूखा-प्यासा होकर भीख मांगने के लिये शत्रु के यहाँ जाता है। One who gives false witness is punished by Yam Raj by making him blind, compelled to beg from the enemy, shaved head, naked, hungry & thirsty.
The punishment do not stop here. One is made to fall into hells and take birth as insects, worms, reptiles, birds, trees etc. after release from the hells.
अवाक्शिरास्तमस्यन्धे किल्बिषी नरकं व्रजेत्।
यः प्रश्नं वितथं ब्रूयात्पृष्टः सन् धर्मनिश्चये॥8.94॥
धर्म के निर्णय में पूछे जाने पर जो झूठ बोलता है, वह नीचा मुँह किये महाघोर नर्क में जाता है। If one tells a lie on being questioned about the decision pertaining to the Dharm-specific duties, assignments; is sent to hell called Maha-Ghor keeping his mouth down.
Maha Ghor stands for most furious-torturous hell.
अन्धो मत्स्यानिवाश्नाति स नरः कण्टकैः सह।
यो भाषतेऽर्थवैकल्यमप्रत्यक्षं सभां गतः॥8.95॥
जो व्यक्ति सभा में आँख से न देखी हुई बात को नहीं कहता है और जानी हुई बात को छिपाता है, वह अंधों की भाँति मछलियाँ खाता है अर्थात सुख की इच्छा से पाप करता है, मगर दुःख भोगता है। If one do not reveal the event-truth seen by him with his own eyes and conceals the facts-truth known to him in the court of justice, eats fish like a blind person; i.e., commit sins with the desire of attaining comforts-pleasure but gets pains, sorrow in return.
यस्य विद्वान् हि वदतः क्षेत्रज्ञो नाभिशङ्कते।
तस्मान्न देवाः श्रेयांसं लोकेऽन्यं पुरुषं विदुः॥8.96॥
जिस विद्वान के बोलते समय उसकी अन्तरात्मा शंकित नहीं होती, देवता उससे बढ़कर संसार में दूसरे को श्रेष्ठ नहीं मानते। The demigods-deities do not consider anyone else supreme to the enlightened person, whose soul is not slurred-feels guilty while revealing the truth, as a witness.
The enlightened will never hide the facts. But to protect the innocent he may camouflage the events.
यावतो बान्धवान् यस्मिन् हन्ति साक्ष्येऽनृतं वदन्।
तावतः सङ्ख्यया तस्मिञ्छृणु सौम्यानुपूर्वशः॥8.97॥
हे सौम्य! झूठी गवाही देने से गवाह किस व्यवहार में कितने बांधवों की हत्या कर डालता है, उसको क्रम से सुनो। O diligent! How many well wishers, friends, relatives are killed as a result of false witness, listen one by one, sequentially!?
पञ्च पश्वनृते हन्ति दश हन्ति गवानृते।
शतमश्वानृते हन्ति सहस्रं पुरुषानृते॥8.98॥
पशुओं के विषय में झूठ बोलने से पाँच, गौ के विषय में झूठ बोलने से दस, घोड़े के विषय में झूठ बोलने से सौ और मनुष्य के विषय में झूठ बोलने से एक हजार बांधवों को मारने का पाप लगता है। The lair under oath in the court is sinned (slurred-contaminated), adversely affected for the murder of 5 relatives for telling lies-false testimony, with respect to animals, ten relatives with respect to cows, hundred relatives with respect to horses and hundred relatives with respect to humans.
हन्ति जातानजातांश्च हिरण्यार्थेऽनृतं वदन्।
सर्वं भूम्यनृते हन्ति मा स्म भूम्यनृतं वदीः॥8.99॥
सुवर्ण के लिये झूठ बोलने से जात-अजात संतति की हत्या का फल पाता हैं। भूमि के सम्बन्ध में झूठ बोलने से सब प्राणियों को मारने का पाप लगता है। इसलिये भूमि के सम्बन्ध में कभी झूठ न बोले। The lair is sinned for killing his progeny born out of relation with his wife from the same caste or illegitimate relational from the wife from some other caste, if he tells a lie related to gold. He is sinned for vanishing the entire living world by false testimony pertaining to the land deals.
अप्सु भूमिवदित्याहुः स्त्रीणां भोगे च मैथुने।
अब्जेषु चैव रत्नेषु सर्वेष्वश्ममयेषु च॥8.100॥
जल के सम्बन्ध में, स्त्रियों के भोग के विषय में, मैथुन के विषय में, रत्नों तथा बहुमूल्य पत्थरों के विषय में झूठ बोलने से मिथ्यावादी को वही पाप लगता है, जो पाप भूमि के सम्बन्ध में झूठ बोलने से लगता है। The impact of the sin is the same as is caused by telling lie with respect to land deals, water, sex with women, intercourse with women, jewels and gems.
पाप लगना :: sin embark, to be stained with sin.
एतान् दोषानवेक्ष्य त्वं सर्वाननृतभाषणे।
यथाश्रुते यथादृष्टं सर्वमेवाञ्जासा वद॥8.101॥
झूठ बोलने में पूर्वोक्त दोषों को भली भाँति जानकर तुमने जैसा देखा या सुना हो सच बोलो। Having learnt the result-out come of the sin evolved out of telling a lie in the court against the innocent you should reveal the truth, as was seen or heard by you to skip-escape the hells.
गोरक्षकान्वाणिजिकांस्तथा कारुकुशीलवान्।
प्रेष्यान्वार्धुषिकांश्चैव विप्रान् शूद्रवदाचरेत्॥8.102॥
व्यापार की इच्छा से गौ पलने वाले, वाणिज्य-व्यापार करने वाले, बाँस की टोकरी आदि बनाकर बेचने वाले, नाचने-गाने वाले, सेवा वृत्ति वाले और सूद पर पैसे से जीने वाले ब्राह्मणों की गवाही लेते समय न्यायकर्ता इनके साथ शूद्र जैसा बर्ताव-व्यवहार करे। One who is Brahmn by birth but resort to other professions like cow breeding-rearing for the sake of business-trade (buying-selling), trading, making bamboo baskets and selling them (dealing in bamboo trade in any form), dancing & singing, serving others for money; the judge should deals with them just like the Shudr.
This postulate clearly states that no one is a Brahmn by birth. He has to undergo various Sanskars-purification, to become a Brahmn after getting birth in a Brahmn family. Daksh Prajapati and his wife both were evolved out of the toes of Brahma Ji and thus they were not Brahmns. Shudrs evolved out of the toes-feet of Brahma Ji, but they were divine creations like Narad Ji as a Divine Brahmn, who evolved from the forehead of Brahma Ji. Daksh Prajapati adopted to the Kshatriy traditions. His daughters were married to various sages and thus entire human race was evolved from Mahrishi Kashyap.
Please refer to :: santoshkipathshala.blogspot.com
तद्वदन्धर्मतोऽर्थेषु जानन्नप्यन्य्था नरः।
न स्वर्गाच्च्यवते लोकाद्दैवीं वाचं वदन्ति ताम्॥8.103॥
सच्ची बात को जानता हुआ जो व्यक्ति धर्म के लिये झूठ बोलता है, वह स्वर्ग से वञ्चित नहीं होता। उस वाणी को देववाणी कहते हैं। Fully aware of the facts-truth, who lies for the sake of the Dharm-protection of the innocent, is not deprived of the heaven-virtues. His words are termed as divine gospel.
शूद्रविट्क्षत्रविप्राणां यत्रर्तोक्तौ भवेद्वधः।
तत्र वक्तव्यमनृतं तद्हि सत्याद्विशिष्यते॥8.104॥
शूद्र, वैश्य, क्षत्रिय ब्राह्मण के सत्य बोलने से जहाँ निर्दोष-निष्पाप का वध होता हो, वहाँ झूठ बोलना ही उचित है; क्योंकि सत्य से वह असत्य श्रेष्ठ है। In case an innocent-pious, virtuous, righteous is saved-protected by telling a lie by the Shudr, Vaeshy, Kshatriy or a Brahmn, its better not to speak-reveal the truth (remain silent), since in that falsehood is better than the truth. One should not be killed without fault, logic, reason, guilt, due to the truth,
One should not resort to such testimony which harms the innocents. One should avoid the conspirators, cheats, fraudsters who are busy in framing innocents in one or the other case. This is happening these days in politics, marriages, business and even in administration-bureaucracy in India.The Muslim traitors & Britishers had masterminded this.
वाग्दैवत्यैश्च चरुभिर्यजेरंस्ते सरस्वतीम्।
अनृतस्यैनसस्तस्य कुर्वाणा निष्कृतिं पराम्॥8.105॥
वे उस मिथ्या भाषणरूपी पाप से उद्धार पाने के लिये वाग्देवता सरस्वती जी के मंत्रो से उनका यज्ञ न करें। To get rid of the sin caused by speaking the untruth, the witness should not resort to a Yagy Karm by using sacred Mantr devoted to Maa Saraswati the deity of speech.
One may preform the sacrifices without enchanting the holy-sacred verses devoted to Maa Saraswati and taking a holy dip ponds, rivers. He should avoid using boiled rice as Charu for holy sacrifices in holy fire for offering oblations as penances which are sacred to Maa Saraswati, as well.
भगवान् श्री कृष्ण ने सत्यवादी नामक तपस्वी का उदाहरण दिया है, जो कि पहाड़ पर, एकान्त में, कुटिया बनाकर तपस्या कर रहे थे। एक व्यापारी डाकुओं के डर से, उनकी कुटिया में आया और उनसे आश्रय माँगा। तपस्वी ने उसे एक कोने में छुपने को कहा। कुछ देर में डाकू उसे ढूँढ़ते हुए वहाँ पर आ गये। उन्हें मालूम था कि तपस्वी सत्यवादी है। उन्होंने व्यापारी के बारे में उनसे पूछा तो तपस्वी ने कोने की और इशारा कर दिया। डाकू उसे लूटकर-मारकर चले गये। ऐसा सत्य जो किसी निरपराध की हत्या करा दे वो किसी काम का नहीं है।
युधिष्टर सत्यवादी थे। उनसे यह कहने को कहा गया कि वो आचार्य द्रोणाचार्य के सामने यह कह दें कि अश्वस्थामा मारा गया। बहुत कहने पर उन्होंने आचार्य द्रोणाचार्य से यह कहा कि अश्वस्थामा मारा गया, मनुष्य हो या हाथी। जब उन्होने "अश्वस्थाम मृत्यो, नरः हो व कुञ्जरो" कुञ्जरो-हाथी कहा तो पाण्डवों ने जोर से शंख ध्वनि कर उसे शब्द को दबा दिया और धृष्टद्युम्न ने उनका वध कर दिया। जीतने की कामना मात्र से उन्होंने यह कहना स्वीकार किया, जिसके कारण उन्हें देवराज द्वारा निर्मृत तात्क्षणिक नर्क को कुछ क्षण के लिये भोगना पड़ा।
कूष्माण्डैर्वापि जुहुयाद् घृतमग्नौ यथाविधि।
उदित्यृचा वा वारुण्या तृचेनाब्दैवतेन वा॥8.106॥
कृष्माण्ड मंत्रों से यथाविधि अग्नि में घृत से हवन करे। "किंया उदुत्तमं" इस वरुण मन्त्र से जल देवता की तीन ऋचाओं से हवन करे।"ॐ कूष्माण्डायै नम:" का जाप मृत्युभय दूर करने के लिये किया जाता है। महामृत्युंजय मंत्र में उर्वारिक शब्द तोरी, घीया, खीरे जैसी वनस्पतियों के लिये आया है। इसका जाप करने से रोग, शोक, जरा-मृत्युभय दूर होता है।
One should recite "Krashmand Mantr" while offering holy sacrifices in holy fire. "Kinya Uduttamam" is a rhyme devoted to Varun Dev-deity of water, which has to be recited trice while performing Yagy, Hawan, Agnihotr-holy sacrifices in fire.
Kushmand Mantrs reduces the fear of diseases, ageing, sorrow-pain and death. Kushmand is a word used for gourds in Maha Mratunjay Mantr devoted to Bhagwan Shiv i.e., Maha Kal.
कूष्माण्ड :: तोरी, घीया, खीरे; gourd, cucurbit.
त्रिपक्षादब्रुवन्साक्ष्यमृणादिषु नरोऽगदः।
तदृणं प्राप्नुयात्सर्वं दशबन्धं च सर्वतः॥8.107॥
यदि निरोग व्यक्ति ऋणादि के तीन पक्ष के भीतर गवाही दे, तो उसी से सब ऋण महाजन को दिलाना चाहिये हुए उसी से राजा को भी सम्पूर्ण ऋण का दसवां हिस्सा दण्ड स्वरूप दिलाना चाहिये। If a healthy person (physically & mentality fit) comes forward as witness within three weeks of the deliberation of the loan, he should ensure the refund of debt to the money lender and deposition of one tenth of the loan as fee in the treasury. Such people are called guarantor.
One should be extremely careful while signing such papers as guarantor for anyone and avoid such things as far as possible.
यस्य दृश्येत सप्ताहादुक्तवाक्यस्य साक्षिणः।
रोगोऽग्निर्ज्ञातिमरणमृणं दाप्यो दमं च सः॥8.108॥
जिस गवाह को गवाही देने से एक सप्ताह के भीतर कोई रोग हो जाये, उसका घर जल जाये अथवा किसी कुटुम्बी की मृत्यु हो जाये, तो भी उसे धनी का ऋण और राजा का दण्ड देना ही होगा। If the witness-guarantor suffers from some diseases, his house is burnt off or some one dies in his family, within one week of offering witness, he is still bound to clear the debt of the money lender and deposit fine in the court.
The rules for lending money to industrialists in India are too lex, loose and heavily loaded in favour of the borrowers. The present BJP government and earlier NDA governments too favoured corrupt businessmen, who just take the money not to refund. As a matter of fact these industrialists are made to donate to the political parties, support corrupt politicians and then the combine, loot banks-exchequer and tax payers money. After their death huge government accommodations are turned in museums and they keep burdening the poor even after their death. The salary, perks, facilities, pensions to the politicians are enormous and they are real parasites. A government servant earning too little as pension is taxed while their-politicians's pensions are tax free. Atal Bihari Vajpayee stopped pensions to government employees but pensions to dirty-corrupt- politicians, law makers are retained. Majority of law makers are criminals of various hue. How can any one expect justice from them?! Still we favour democracy.
असाक्षिकेषु त्वर्थेषु मिथो विवदमानयोः।
अविन्दंस्तत्त्वतः सत्यं शपथेनापि लम्भयेत्॥8.109॥
आपस में झगड़ते हुए वादी-प्रतिवादियों के बीच यदि कोई साक्षी न हो और सत्य बात का पता न लगे तो राजा उनसे शपथ कराकर सत्य का निर्णय करे। If the truth is not known about the cause of dispute between the two parties fighting- quarrelling together, the court should put both of them under oath and then decide the matter after ascertaining the truth through other means.
Oath may compel the virtuous to withdraw, settle or reveal the truth pertaining to the case, but the wicked has to be tricked, tackled through other means.
महर्षिभिश्च देवैश्च कार्यार्थं शपथाः कृताः।
वसिष्ठश्चापि शपथं शेपे पैजवने नृपे॥8.110॥
महर्षि और देवताओं ने भी कार्य के निर्णयार्थ शपथ खाई थी। वशिष्ठ ने भी प्रियजन राजा के पुत्र के सामने शपथ ग्रहण की थी। The sages and the demigods too respect this postulate. Vashishth too took oath in front of the son of king Priyjan named Sudas.
Swearing is a common process these days. All witnesses are made to swear before the court in the name of God by putting their right hand over holy books like Geeta.
Though under oath, still they speak lies-untruth.
न वृथा शपथं कुर्यात्स्वल्पेऽप्यर्थे नरो बुधः।
वृथा हि शपथं कुर्वन्प्रेत्य चेह च नश्यति॥8.111॥
बुद्धिमान व्यक्ति को थोड़ी सी बात के लिये व्यर्थ शपथ नहीं ग्रहण करनी चाहिये, क्योंकि वृथा शपथ करने वाले इहलोक और परलोक दोनों बिगाड़ते हैं। The wise always avoid swearing in over trivial matters, tit-bits since unnecessary swearing in spoils their present world-life (future prospects) and the next several incarnations.
There are people who swear in over small things in their normal talks by saying "कसम से, सच्ची, तुम्हारी कसम, भगवान् की कसम, कसम रौँ दी, खुदा गवाह है, रब दी सौं, कसम ले लो" etc. which must be avoided.
कामिनीषु विवाहेषु गवां भक्ष्ये तथेन्धने।
ब्राह्मणाभ्युपपत्तौ च शपथे नास्ति पातकम्॥8.112॥
स्त्रियों के साथ विवाह की बातचीत में, गौओं के लिये घास-भूसा लेने में, होम के लिये लकड़ी लाने में और ब्राह्मणों पर विपत्ति आने पर उनकी रक्षा करे तो उसका पाप नहीं लगता। Deliberations-discussions, negotiations pertaining to talks for marriage with women, collection of straw-grass for the cows from jungle or land open to all, dry woods from the jungle for sacrifices in fire (Hawan, Agnihotr, Yagy) and protection of Brahmns do not cause any sin for the doer, even if some impropriety is committed there.
सत्येन शापयेद्विप्रं क्षत्रियं वाहनायुधैः।
गोबीजकाञ्चनैर्वैश्यं शूद्रं सर्वैस्तु पातकैः॥[मनु स्मृति 8.113]
ब्राह्मण से सत्य की शपथ कराये, क्षत्रिय से वाहन तथा शस्त्र की वैश्य से गौ, अन्न और धन की और शूद्र से सब पाप लगने की शपथ करवावे। The judge should put the witness under oath by asking the Brahmns to swear for the truth, the Kshatriy for his vehicles and the weapons, the Vaeshy for the cows, wealth & the food grains and the Shudr may be asked to swear for all kinds of sins (imprecating-involvement in a crime, on his own head-the guilt).
अग्निं वाहारयेदेनमप्सु चैनं निमज्जयेत्।
पुत्रदारस्य वाप्येनं शिरांसि स्पर्शयेत्पृथक्॥
अथवा उससे अग्नि की परीक्षा शास्त्रोक्त विधि से करावे या पानी में गोता लगवावे या बेटे और स्त्री के मस्तक पर अलग-अलग हाथ रखवावे।[मनु स्मृति 8.114]
The judge may resort the witness to testing under fire as per procedure laid down in the scriptures or ask him to take a dip in water or put his hands over the head of his son or wife to swear.
Even today people like Kejriwal-Delhi Chief Minister, swear by putting their hands over the heads of their progeny to show that they are not telling a lie, even though they speak blatant lies. Kejriwal retracted his words in the courts at least 42 times for making false accusations against the opponents. He is a congenital expert is telling all sorts of lies and bluffing the public. However, other politicians are not far behind. Such people deserve hells and tortures, pain sorrow in their present birth, simultaneously. He is not an isolated case, almost all politicians speak rubbish under oath or in their speeches outside and inside the parliament. One can easily judge their next incarnations.
One, who is not burnt by the fire, water does not rise upwards and he do not feel pain, should be considered pure-pious, honest for witness under oath.
Even today people like Kejriwal-Delhi Chief Minister, swear by putting their hands over the heads of their progeny to show that they are not telling a lie, even though they speak blatant lies. Kejriwal retracted his words in the courts at least 42 times for making false accusations against the opponents. He is a congenital expert is telling all sorts of lies and bluffing the public. However, other politicians are not far behind. Such people deserve hells and tortures, pain sorrow in their present birth, simultaneously. He is not an isolated case, almost all politicians speak rubbish under oath or in their speeches outside and inside the parliament. One can easily judge their next incarnations.
यमिद्धो न दहत्यग्निरापो नोन्मज्जयन्ति च।
न चातिमृच्छति क्षिप्रं स ज्ञेय शपथे शुचिः॥[मनु स्मृति 8.115]
जिसको आग नहीं जलाती, पानी ऊपर नहीं उठता और जिसे कोई बड़ी पीड़ा नहीं होती, उसे शपथ में पवित्र समझना चाहिये। One, who is not burnt by the fire, water does not rise upwards and he do not feel pain, should be considered pure-pious, honest for witness under oath.
During Kali Yug a judge should not practice this.
वत्सस्य ह्यभिशस्तस्य पुरा भ्रात्रा यवीयसा।
नाग्निर्ददाह रोमापि सत्येन जगतः स्पशः॥8.116॥
नाग्निर्ददाह रोमापि सत्येन जगतः स्पशः॥8.116॥
पूर्वकाल में छोटे भाई से अभिशाप-आरोप लगाये जाने पर (तुम ब्राह्मण नहीं हो, शूद्र से उत्पन्न हुए हो) वत्स ऋषि ने अग्नि में प्रवेश किया और संसार के शुभाशुभ कर्म के परीक्षक अग्नि ने सत्य के कारण, उनका एक रोम भी नहीं जलाया।
On being blamed (accused, slurred) by his younger brother Vats Rishi entered fire, but remained unhurt. Not even a single hair was burnt by the fire, who testifies the virtues, truth of the living beings due to his veracity; in this universe.
यस्मिन्यस्मिन्विवादे तु कौटसाक्ष्यं कृतं भवेत्।
तत्तत्कार्यं निवर्तेत कृतं चाप्यकृतं भवेत्॥8.117॥
तत्तत्कार्यं निवर्तेत कृतं चाप्यकृतं भवेत्॥8.117॥
जिन-जिन विवादों ने झूठी गवाहियाँ की हों, इसका निश्चय होने पर उन-उन विवादों का फिर से विचार करे, क्योंकि वह पहले का किया विचार न के बराबर है।
The judge should reexamine-reopen those cases in which the witness lied. The earlier deliberations become null & void due to the false witnesses-testimony or the appearance of new evidences.
लोभान्मोहाद्भयात्मैत्रात्कामात्क्रोधात्तथैव च।
अज्ञानाद् बालभावाच्च साक्ष्यं वितथमुच्यते॥8.118॥
अज्ञानाद् बालभावाच्च साक्ष्यं वितथमुच्यते॥8.118॥
लोभ, मोह, भय, मित्रता, काम, क्रोध, अज्ञात और भोलेपन से जो गवाही दी जाती है, वह झूठी होती है।
Witness-evidence given out of greed-covetousness, attachment, (distraction), fear-terror, friendship, lust, enmity-wrath, ignorance and innocence-childishness is false-vague and deserve to be ignored-rejected.
एषामन्यतमे स्थाने यः साक्ष्यमनृतं वदेत्।
तस्य दण्डविशेषांस्तु प्रवक्ष्याम्यनुपूर्वशः॥8.119॥
तस्य दण्डविशेषांस्तु प्रवक्ष्याम्यनुपूर्वशः॥8.119॥
इन पूर्वोक्त कहे हुए कारणों से किसी कारण कोई झूठी गवाही दे तो उसको किस अवस्था में क्या दण्ड देना चाहिये, वह क्रम से कहते हैं।
The penalty for false witness depending upon the gravity is described here in sequential order.
Motive, cause of the false-fake witness is assessed and proper fine is imposed upon him.
लोभात्सहस्रं दण्ड्यस्तु मोहात्पूर्वं तु साहसम्।
भयाद् द्वौ मध्यमौ दण्डौ मैत्रात्पूर्वं चतुर्गुणम्॥8.120॥
भयाद् द्वौ मध्यमौ दण्डौ मैत्रात्पूर्वं चतुर्गुणम्॥8.120॥
लोभ से झूठी गवाही देने पाए एक हजार पण, मोह से झूठ बोलने पर प्रथम साहस संख्यक, भय से झूठ बोलने पर दो मध्यम साहस और मित्रता से झूठी गवाही देने पर प्रथम साहस का चौगुना दण्ड निर्धरित है।
The quantum of fine is one thousand Pan over false witness due to greed, due to attachment its one Sahas, due to fear two Sahas of middle order, due to friendship four times the first Sahas.
पण और सहास-साहस प्राचीन प्रचलित मुद्राएँ हैं।
Pan and Sahas are two types of currency prevailing in ancient times.
कामाद्दशगुणं पूर्वं क्रोधात् तु त्रिगुणं परम्।
अज्ञानाद् द्वे शते पूर्णे बालिश्यात्शतमेव तु॥8.121॥
अज्ञानाद् द्वे शते पूर्णे बालिश्यात्शतमेव तु॥8.121॥
कामवश झूठी गवाही देने पर प्रथम साहस का दस गुना, क्रोध से झूठ बोलने पर मध्यम साहस का तिगुना, अज्ञान से दो सौ पण और मूर्खता वश असत्य बोलने से एक सौ पण दण्ड देना चाहिये।
Quantum of penalty-fine for speaking untruth (false statement), under the influence of sex (lust, passion, sexuality, sensuality-lasciviousness) should be ten times the lowest amercement, due to wrath (rage, furiosity, anger) it should be three times the next or second amercement, due to ignorance, two full hundreds Pan-coins and one hundred coins if spoken due to foolishness.
एतानाहुः कौटसाक्ष्ये प्रोक्तान्दण्डान्मनीषिभिः। धर्मस्याव्यभिचारार्थमधर्मनियमाय च॥8.122॥
धर्म की रक्षा और अधर्म के नियंत्रण के लिये कूटसाक्ष (झूठी गवाही) में मुनियों ने दण्ड बताये हैं।
The learned have prescribed these punishments for telling lies in the court for the sake of protection of the Dharm and control of Adharm-injustice, irreligiosity .
कौटसाक्ष्यं तु कुर्वाणांस्त्रीन्वर्णान्धार्मिको नृपः।
प्रवासयेद्दण्डयित्वा ब्राह्मणं तु विवासयेत्॥8.123॥
प्रवासयेद्दण्डयित्वा ब्राह्मणं तु विवासयेत्॥8.123॥
धार्मिक राजा झूठी गवाही देने पर तीनों वर्णों (क्षत्रिय, वैश्य और शूद्र) को पूर्वोक्त प्रकार से दंड देकर देश से निकाल दे और ब्राह्मण को केवल देश से निकाले।
The king who is religious, should expel the guilty from three Varn (Kshatriy, Vaeshy & the Shudr) after imposing fines, just-only but expel the Brahmn without collecting fines from him.
The Brahmns had been living a virtuous life of full of poverty, sacrifice, piousity. They had no greed, desire to accumulate. Still some exceptions are always there as a result of bad, wretched influences, company. Successive governments have been ignoring Brahmns in services in spite of their highest scores, devotion, excellent skill and devotion. Reservation of jobs in India results in loss of interest, initiative amongest the deserving. Under the influence of reservation laws the intellectuals are leaving the country which is just like expelling them for the crime of being excellent, best, unparalleled in the class.
Reservations puts undeserving, unfit, imprudents in higher or lower jobs for which they are quite-grossly unfit. As a result of this the direct impact is over nation and the populace who grow frustration in their minds. Congress being the party of Muslims did this systematically but seculars & the nationalists like BJP are not far behind.
दश स्थानानि दण्डस्य मनुः स्वयंभुवोऽब्रवीत्।
त्रिषु वर्णेषु यानि स्युरक्षतो ब्राह्मणो व्रजेत्॥8.124॥
त्रिषु वर्णेषु यानि स्युरक्षतो ब्राह्मणो व्रजेत्॥8.124॥
स्वायम्भुव मनु ने दण्ड के जो दस स्थान कहे हैं, वे क्षत्रियादि तीन वर्णों के लिये हैं; ब्राह्मण के लिये नहीं। ब्राह्मण को राजा देश से निकल भर दे।
The ten points-places of punishment enumerated by Swayambhuv Manu are meant for the three Varn namely Kshatriy, Vaeshy and Shudr. Its enough for the Brahmn to be expelled from the country.
The Brahmn normally led a life of virtues as an ideal for the whole society. He was not supposed to be wicked person. But wicked company can corrupt any one.
उपस्थमुदरं जिह्वा हस्तौ पादौ च पञ्चमम्।
चक्षुर्नासा च कर्णौ च धनं देहस्तथैव च ॥8.125॥
चक्षुर्नासा च कर्णौ च धनं देहस्तथैव च ॥8.125॥
लिंग (सती, पुरुष), पेट, जीभ, दोनों हाथ, दोनों पैर, आँख, नाक, देह और धन ये दस दण्ड के स्थान हैं।
The ten organs meant for punishment over the body are sex organs (pennies, vagina), belly-stomach, tongue, both hands & both legs, eyes, nose, the body itself and the wealth-money.
अनुबन्धं परिज्ञाय देशकालौ च तत्त्वतः।
सारापराधौ चालोक्य दण्डं दण्ड्येषु पातयेत्॥8.126॥
सारापराधौ चालोक्य दण्डं दण्ड्येषु पातयेत्॥8.126॥
अपराधी का अपराध, अपराध का स्थान और समय भली-भाँति जानकर तथा अपराधी की दैहिक, साम्पत्तिक सामर्थ्य और अपराध का हल्का या भारी होना, यह सब यथार्थ रूप से देखकर-जानकर अपराधी को दण्ड देने की व्यवस्था करे।
The king should manage to award punishment having evaluated-ascertained motive & nature of the crime, place, time (situation, occasion) & the physical state of the guilty, his assets-property. gravity of the crime
There are occasions when a person is made to commit crime through conspiracy and he is unaware that he is being trapped. Its the duty of law to explore such situations and find the real culprits-guilty.
अधर्मदण्डनं लोके यशोघ्नं कीर्तिनाशनम्। अस्वर्ग्यं च परत्राणि तस्मात्तत्परिवर्जयेत्॥8.127॥
धर्म विरुद्ध दण्ड देने वाले का संसार में यश और कीर्ति का नाश होता है और मरने पर स्वर्ग भी नहीं मिलता। इसलिये ऐसा न करे।
One who awards punishment against the rules described in the scriptures losses respect, honour, fame in this world-abode and is deprived of the heaven. Therefore, the judge should not do this.
The scriptures have explained Dand Niti in detail in Nyay Shastr.
अदण्ड्यान्दण्डयन् राजा दण्ड्यांश्चैवाप्यदण्डयन्।
अयशो महदाप्नोति नरकं चैव गच्छति॥8.128॥
अयशो महदाप्नोति नरकं चैव गच्छति॥8.128॥
निरपराधी को दण्ड देने और अपराधी को दण्ड न देने से राजा का बड़ा अयश होता है और मरने पर वह नरकगामी होता है।
Punishing an innocent and releasing the guilty-culprit earns defame-bad name, slur for the king and he is sent to hells after his death.
वाग्दण्डं प्रथमं कुर्याद्धिग्दण्डं तदनन्तरम्।
तृतीयं धनदण्डं तु वधदण्डमतः परम् ॥8.129॥
तृतीयं धनदण्डं तु वधदण्डमतः परम् ॥8.129॥
पहले अपराधी को वाग्दण्ड दे, उसके बाद उसे धिक्कारे, उस पर भी वह अपराध करे तो फिर उसे अर्थ दण्ड दे, तत्पश्चात शारीरिक दण्ड दे। इस पर भी वह न सुधरे तो उसे मृत्यु दंड दे।
Initially the culprit should be rebuked, insulted or subjected to admonition. If the guilty fails to improve, he should be fined, followed by corporal punishments. As the last resort for serious crimes like murder he should be awarded death penalty.
Imprisonment is a normal practice during which the guilty is subjected to labour. Physical torture is quite common. Corporal punishment includes beating, beating in public, cutting of limbs, tongue or making one blind.
Jails all over the world are full of innocent, while dreaded criminals are enjoying in the parliaments. Murder of millions of Russians, who did not favour communism or spoke against the government is still in the memory of the people. Murder of 20,000 young boys and girls in China at Tina man Square is unforgettable. Murder of Jews by Germans is unpardonable. Inflicting of tortures over innocent over Hindus, looting their wealth by the Muslims and British Christians is sure to have sent them to hells. Those murdering innocent people in the name of jihad is unpardonable. Murdering of millions and displacing them from their homes in Iraq, Syria, Qurds is unpardonable crime. Torture of innocents by CIA is known to the whole world.
At present a murder cum rape case (assumed name NIRBHYA) is wasting a lot of time in the Supreme Court and opening up avenues for dreaded criminals. Indian laws are vague and may be interpreted by different judges at different point of time.
Those who framed constitution were people of low intelligence and lacked insight.
वधेनापि यदा त्वेतान्निग्रहीतुं न शक्नुयात्।
तदैषु सर्वमप्येतत्प्रयुञ्जीत चतुष्टयम्॥8.130॥
तदैषु सर्वमप्येतत्प्रयुञ्जीत चतुष्टयम्॥8.130॥
यदि किसी अंग के कटने इत्यादि के दण्ड देने पर भी अपराधी का निग्रह न कर सके तो उन पर पूर्वोक्त चारों दण्डों का प्रयोग करे।
If the criminal does not improve even after cutting of limbs he should be subjected to all the four types of punishments.
There are some people who are born criminals-out laws. There are certain tribes which do not follow-observe any rule regulations, laws. they need special treatment like keeping them away from the limits of socialised-civilised human habitation. Muslims do constitute this stuff.
लोकसंव्यवहारार्थं याः संज्ञाः प्रथिता भुवि।
ताम्ररूप्यसुवर्णानां ताः प्रवक्ष्याम्यशेषतः॥8.131॥
ताम्ररूप्यसुवर्णानां ताः प्रवक्ष्याम्यशेषतः॥8.131॥
लोक में व्यवहार के लिये ताँबा, चाँदी और सोने की जो संज्ञाएँ प्रसिद्द हैं, उन्हें कहता हूँ।
I am describing the various forms of copper, silver and gold prevailing for the convenience of the populace, used commonly, for the purpose of business transactions or mutual exchange as currency.
जालान्तरगते भानौ यत्सूक्ष्मं दृश्यते रजः।
प्रथमंतत् प्रमाणानां त्रसरेणुं प्रचक्षते॥8.132॥
प्रथमंतत् प्रमाणानां त्रसरेणुं प्रचक्षते॥8.132॥
जाली के झरोखे के भीतर पड़ने वाली सूर्य की किरणों में जो छोटे-छोटे धूलिकण दिखाई देते हैं, वैसे एक धूलि कण का मान परिमाण में प्रथम है और उसे त्रसरेणु कहते हैं।
The minutest dust particle visible in the Sun light appearing out of the crevices of the window is called Trasrenu and is used as the smallest unit of measurement of mass.
त्रसरेणवोऽष्टौ विज्ञेया लिक्षैका परिमाणतः।
ता राजसर्षपस्तिस्रस्ते त्रयो गौरसर्षपः॥8.133॥
ता राजसर्षपस्तिस्रस्ते त्रयो गौरसर्षपः॥8.133॥
परिमाण में आठ त्रसरेणुओं की एक लिक्षा, उन तीन लिक्षाओं का एक राजसर्षप और तीन राजसर्षप का एक गौर सर्षप होता है।
As per quantity (quantum) 8 Trasrenu constitutes one Liksha (the egg of a louse, सिर में पड़ीं लीख), three Liksha are equal to one Raj Sarpan (काली सरसों का दाना, black mustard) and three Raj Sarpan make one Gour Sarpan (सफ़ेद सरसों का दाना-बीज) white mustard-seed).
1 Liksha = 8 Trasrenu,
1 Raj Sarpan = 3 Liksha,
1 Gour Sarpan = 3 Raj Sarpan.
अनन्त काल से भारत और हिन्दुधर्म में प्रचलित माप की प्रणालियाँ :: अनुपात की दृष्टि से इनका पारस्परिक सम्बन्ध मूल सँख्या निम्न प्रकार से 16 से है :-
1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 160, 320, 1600, 3200, 8000 और 12800।
मैट्रिक प्रणाली में इन बाटों की सबसे छोटी इकाई ०.256 ग्राम हो सकती है।
1 लिक्षा = 8 त्रिसरेणु,
1 राजसर्षप = 3 लिक्षा,
 1 गौर सर्षप = 4 राजसर्षप,
1 यवमध्य = 2 गौर सर्षप,
1 कृष्णल = 3 यवमध्य,
1 सुवर्णमाष = 5 कृष्णल,
1 सुवर्ण = 16 सुवर्णमाष,
1 पल = 4 सुवर्ण = 4 कर्ष, 1 कर्ष = 80 रत्ती,
1 धरण = 10 पल,
चाँदी के लिये एक भिन्न मान भी था, जिसका विवरण इस प्रकार है:
1 रौप्यमाष = 2 कृष्णल,
 1 धरण = 16 रौप्यमाष,
1 प्रसृति = 2 पल,
1 कुड़व = 2 प्रसृति,
1 प्रस्थ = 4 कुड़व
4 प्रस्थ = 1 आढ़क,
1 द्रोण = 4 आढ़क,
1 खारी = 16 द्रोण = 4 मन,
1 कुंभ =20 द्रोण = 5 मन,
1 वट्ट = 10 कुंभ = 50 मन,
हीरों की तौल :-
1 वज्रधारण = 20 तंड्डल,
भूमि मापन :-
1 रथरेणु = 8 परमाणु,
1 लिक्षा = 8 रथरेणु,
1 यूकामध्य = 8 लिक्षा,
1 यवमध्य = 8 यूकामध्य,
1 अंगुल = 8 यवमध्य,
1 धनुर्ग्रह =4 अंगुल,
1धनुर्मुष्टि = 8 अंगुल,
1 वितास्ति = 1 छायापुरुष = 12 अंगुल,
1 शम = 1शल =1 परिरथ =1 पद = 16 अंगुल,
1 अररत्नि = 1 प्राजापत्य हस्त = 2 वितास्ति = 24 अंगुल,
1 दंड = 192 अंगुल,
1 रज्जु = 10 दंड,
1 परिदेश = 2 रज्जु,
1 निवर्तन = 3 रज्जु,
 1 गोरुत = 1,000 धनुष,
1 योजन =4 गोरुत,
1 पाली = 4 पावला,
1 मड़ा (माना) = 4 पाली,
1 सेई = 4 मड़ा,
1 पदक = 12 मड़ा,
1 हारी= 4 पदक,
1 मानी = 4 हारी.
कुम्भ :: दो सौ पल का एक द्रोण और बीस द्रोण का एक कुम्भ
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सर्षपाः षड् यवो मध्यस्त्रियवं त्वेककृष्णलम्।
पञ्चकृष्णलको माषस्ते सुवर्णस्तु षोडश॥8.134॥
पञ्चकृष्णलको माषस्ते सुवर्णस्तु षोडश॥8.134॥
छः सर्षपों का एक मझोला यव-जो, वैसे तीन यवों की एक रत्ती और पाँच रत्तियों का माँसा तथा 16 माँसे का एक सुवर्ण (तोला) होता है।
1 Middle sized barley = 6 Sarpan, 1 Ratti = 3 barley, 1 Mansa = 5 Ratti, 1 Tola (Suvarn) = 16 Mansa.
Six grains of Sarpan are equal to one middle sized barley and three barley are equal to one Krashnal (Raktika or Gung berry); five Krashnal are equal to one Mansa (bean) and sixteen of those are equal to one Suvarn.
पलं सुवर्णाश्चत्वारः पलानि धरणं दश।
द्वे कृष्णले समधृते विज्ञेयो रौप्यमाषकः॥8.135॥
द्वे कृष्णले समधृते विज्ञेयो रौप्यमाषकः॥8.135॥
चार सुवर्ण का एक पल, दस पल का एक धारण और वजन में दो रत्ती भर चाँदी का एक रौप्य माषक जानना चाहिये।
1 Pal = 4 Suvarn, 1 Dharan = 10 Pal, 1 Roupy (Mashak) = 2 Ratti of Silver.
Four Suvarn makes one Pal, ten Pal make one Dharan, two Ratti of silver make one Roupy.
ते षोडश स्याद्धरणं पुराणश्चैव राजतः।
कार्षापणस्तु विज्ञेयस्ताम्रिकः कार्षिकः पणः॥8.136॥
कार्षापणस्तु विज्ञेयस्ताम्रिकः कार्षिकः पणः॥8.136॥
सोलह रौप्य माशकों का एक धरण अर्थात रौप्य होता है। एक वर्षभार ताँबे को कार्षापण या पण कहते हैं।
1 Dharan = 16 Roupy Mashak = 1 Roupy. 1 Varh Bhar of Copper = 1 Karshapan =1 Pan.
Sixteen Roupy Mashak constitute one Dharan or Roupy. One Varsh Bhar is equal to one Karshapan or just one Pan.
ताम्र कार्षापण 80 गुंजे या रत्ती के बराबर भार वाला होता था। Cash is derived from Karsh कार्ष in Sanskrat.
धरणानि दश ज्ञेयः शतमानस्तु राजतः।
चतुःसौवर्णिको निष्को विज्ञेयस्तु प्रमाणतः॥8.137॥
चतुःसौवर्णिको निष्को विज्ञेयस्तु प्रमाणतः॥8.137॥
दस रौप्य धरण का एक रजत शतमान और 4 सुवर्ण का एक निष्क होता है।
1 Rajat Shatman = 10 Roupy Dharan, 1 Nishk = 4 Suvarn.
10 Roupy Dharan were equal to one silver Shatman and 4 Gold coins were equal to one Nishk by weight.
पणानां द्वे शते सार्धे प्रथमः साहसः स्मृतः।
मध्यमः पञ्च विज्ञेयः सहस्रं त्वेव चोत्तमः॥8.138॥
मध्यमः पञ्च विज्ञेयः सहस्रं त्वेव चोत्तमः॥8.138॥
ढाई सौ पण का प्रथम साहस, पाँच सौ पण का मध्यम साहस और एक हजार पण का उत्तम साहस होता है।
Pratham Sahas = 250 Pan, Madhyam Sahas = 500 Pan, Uttam Sahas = 1,000 pan.
The base (first or lowest coin) constituted of 250 Pan. The average or middle ranking coin was valued at 500 Pan and the highest ranking coin was valued at 1,000 pan.
ऋणे देये प्रतिज्ञाते पञ्चकं शतमर्हति।
अपह्नवे तद् द्विगुणं तन्मनोरनुशासनम्॥8.139॥
अपह्नवे तद् द्विगुणं तन्मनोरनुशासनम्॥8.139॥
विचार सभा में ऋण देने की प्रतिज्ञा करने पर ऋण पर प्रतिशत 5 पण दण्ड करे और सभा में भी ऋण स्वीकार न करे तो दुगुना अर्थात 10 पण सैंकड़े पीछे दण्ड करे; यह मनु की आज्ञा है।
Manu has ordered imposition of a fine at the rare of 5% of its value if the defendant agrees to the receipt of the debt, but if he refuses to the receipt of the debt in spite of sufficient proof, he has to pay a fine at the rare of 10% of its value in addition to the payment of it, to the money lender.
Indian government's policy of fore fitting debt of farmers is wrong. Its purely a political measure. Those who receive the money and misuse it must pay it back. Now the farmers are organised by the opposition parties to wage war against the government and continuous agitations are there. The successive governments keep on increasing taxes on the populace. This is detrimental to the state of economy and growth. Instead the government should plan refund of loans it has received from abroad and else where. Shri Lanka has allowed its harbours for use by China, due to its failure to pay back funds-loans. Pakistan too is under stress due to this reason only.
वसिष्ठविहितां वृद्धिं सृजेद्वित्तविवर्धिनीम्।
अशीतिभागं गृह्णीयान्मासाद्वार्धुषिकः शते॥8.140॥
अशीतिभागं गृह्णीयान्मासाद्वार्धुषिकः शते॥8.140॥
वशिष्ठ ने धन बढ़ाने के निमित्त जितना ब्याज लेने को कहा है, ब्याज पर जीने वाला उतना ही ब्याज ले अर्थात महीने का 1.25%।
Vashishth's doctrine is to charge as much money as is received by one for the sake of investment and increase-enhancement of his capital, wealth, assets, property by the money lender who survives purely-only on the interest paid by the receivers i.e., he has no other means of income-living. Vashishth allows interest at the rate of 1.25% per month in such cases.
The businessmen in India take loans and forget paying them. In stead they acquire assets abroad and settle there not to return back or pay back. Successive governments have reduced rate of interest in the name of speedy growth at the cost of small depositors which is suicidal.
Thus the rich is becoming richer and the poor is becoming poorer day by day.
द्विकं शतं वा गृह्णीयात्सतां धर्ममनुस्मरन्।
द्विकं शतं हि गृह्णानो न भवत्यर्थकिल्बिषी॥8.141॥
द्विकं शतं हि गृह्णानो न भवत्यर्थकिल्बिषी॥8.141॥
अथवा श्रेष्ठ धर्म का स्मरण करने वाला प्रति सैकड़ा दो पण मासिक ब्याज ले, क्योंकि दो पण तक मासिक ब्याज लेने वाला पाप का भागी नहीं होता।
Alternatively, interest at the rate of 2 Pan (पण, 2% per month) may be charged by one who is pious-righteous lender, since he do not stain himself by the sins due to this measure being perfectly in unison with religion.
द्विकं त्रिकं चतुष्कं च पञ्चकं च शतं समम्।
मासस्य वृद्धिं गृह्णीयाद्वर्णानामनुपूर्वशः॥8.142॥
मासस्य वृद्धिं गृह्णीयाद्वर्णानामनुपूर्वशः॥8.142॥
ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय, वैश्य और शूद्र, इन चारों वर्णों से क्रम से दो, तीन, चार और पाँच पण प्रति सैंकड़े मासिक ब्याज ले।
The money lender should charge a monthly interest at the rate of one, two, three and four Pan from Brahmn, Kshatriy, Vaeshy and the Shudr respectively.
न त्वेवाधौ सोपकारे कौसीदीं वृद्धिमाप्नुयात्।
न चाधेः कालसंरोधात्निसर्गोऽस्ति न विक्रयः॥8.143॥
न चाधेः कालसंरोधात्निसर्गोऽस्ति न विक्रयः॥8.143॥
यदि कोई उपकारी भूमि-जमीन, वस्तु बन्धक-गिरवी, रखकर कर्ज ले तो महाजन को अलग ब्याज न मिलकर खेत की उपज ही ब्याज में मिलेगी। बहुत समय बीत जाने पर भी गिरवी रखी हुई वस्तु दूसरे को नहीं दी जा सकती और न ही उसे बेचा जा सकता है।
If a beneficence pledges cultivable land-farms, some goods with the money lender, the money lender will get the produce of the crops, in stead of the interest. The money lender will neither sell the goods nor hand them over to anyone else, even if a long period of time elapses.
न भोक्तव्यो बलादाधिर्भुञ्जानो वृद्धिमुत्सृजेत्।
मूल्येन तोषयेच्चैनमाधिस्तेनोऽन्यथा भवेत्॥8.144॥
मूल्येन तोषयेच्चैनमाधिस्तेनोऽन्यथा भवेत्॥8.144॥
किसी के गिरवी रखे हुए भूषण-वस्त्र का जबर्दस्ती उपयोग न करे, यदि करे तो सूद से बाज आये-ब्याज न ले। बन्धक की चीज खराब होने पर, उस चीज को बन्धक रखने वाले को उचित मूल्य देकर राजी करे, नहीं तो वह गिरवी चोर समझा जायेगा।
The money lender-the creditor, should not use the pledged goods (valuables, ornaments & cloths) forcefully. In case he utilises them, he should exempt interest over the money. If the pledged goods spoil due to any reason, the money lender should compensate & compromise with the debtor, otherwise he would be considered a thief & prosecuted accordingly.
आधिश्चोपनिधिश्चोभौ न कालात्ययमर्हतः।
अवहार्यौ भवेतां तौ दीर्घकालमवस्थितौ॥8.145॥
अवहार्यौ भवेतां तौ दीर्घकालमवस्थितौ॥8.145॥
गिरवी और उधार दी गई चीज बहुत काल बीत जाने के बाद भी जब भी कभी गिरवी रखने वाला या उधार देने वाला उसे माँगे, तो वह उसे पाने का अधिकारी होता है।
One who mortgages a commodity or give it on loan to some one, he still remains owner of it, irrespective of the time elapsed. However, if he had taken loan against it, he should clear it along with interest and get it back from the pawn broker.
The laws in India are grossly defective in this respect. If a labour had been cultivating land for a long time, the government allowed the labour to plough it and thereafter, granted ownership-title deed, rights to the workers. This has resulted in defective tenancy rights. Those who hire a house on rent & keep living in it even though the owner has turned into a pauper by paying exorbitant taxes and has no means of earning or a place to live. Most of the buildings-commercial properties-shops, factories are grabbed by the tenants. The NDA government passed a law in both the houses of parliament but failed to notify it, under pressure from Manohar Lal Khurana, then chief minister of Delhi & lost elections. As a result of it, BJP lost Delhi and is still out of power in Delhi for more than 20 years. The house-property owners are still bleeding and weeping. However, the honourable supreme court has done some justice to them.
My father lost a big chunk of cultivable ancestral land even after fighting the case in Allahabad high court. Another piece of 14 Beeghas of land is titled enemy property bought by my grand father from the Muslims who later migrated to Pakistan and the deed was registered in Meerut, but remained un transferred. The elders forgot to move for mutation. The law which fails to provide justice is no law and the judge is guilty of gross misconduct and hells.
सम्प्रीत्या भुज्यमानानि न नश्यन्ति कदाचन।
धेनुरुष्ट्रो वहन्नश्वो यश्च दम्यः प्रयुज्यते॥8.146॥
धेनुरुष्ट्रो वहन्नश्वो यश्च दम्यः प्रयुज्यते॥8.146॥
गाय, ऊँट, घोड़े और हल जोतने के बैल आदि पशु स्वामी की इच्छा से किसी के द्वारा भोगे जाने पर भी स्वामी का स्वत्व उन पर सदा बना रहता है।
If the owner of cows, camel, horses or the bulls allows someone to use them, he still remains the master and has the right to receive them back any moment.
The law is applicable to each and every commodity in general. The pawn broker-dealer is always at risk of loosing the goods against whom, he has extended loan; specifically animals who may die of diseases or are stolen.
यत्किंचिद्दश वर्षाणि संनिधौ प्रेक्षते धनी।
भुज्यमानं परैस्तूष्णीं न स तत्लब्धुमर्हति॥8.147॥
भुज्यमानं परैस्तूष्णीं न स तत्लब्धुमर्हति॥8.147॥
यदि धनी किसी चीज को किसी को दस वर्ष तक भोगता हुआ देखे, किन्तु कुछ न बोले तो वह अपनी वापस नहीं ले सकता।
If the owner do not prohibit the user of his property, commodity for ten years the person who is utilising it may misappropriate with it. Therefore, one must get his goods back timely so that he do not forfeit it.
The law should be clear in this respect. There are people migrate to some other country due to some reason. In their absence the property may be captured by unscrupulous elements like relatives, goons, politicians, land mafia etc. Its the duty of the government to safeguard it and let the owner take it back easily, quickly without trouble.
अजडश्चेदपोगण्डो विषये चास्य भुज्यते।
भग्नं तद्व्यवहारेण भोक्ता तद् द्रव्यमर्हति॥8.148॥
भग्नं तद्व्यवहारेण भोक्ता तद् द्रव्यमर्हति॥8.148॥
यदि वह जड़ नहीं है और 16 वर्ष से अधिक आयु का हो तो, उसके सामने यदि उसके धन को दूसरा भोगे तो वह उस धन को भोगने वाला होता है। धनी का अधिकार उस धन पर नहीं रहता।
If the owner of the property-wealth is neither ignorant (insensible, idiot, duffer) nor below 16 years and his assets are used by others, he looses rights over them.
Its therefore essential to claim his property, wealth under the control of others and raise his voice for justice. Though its the duty of the state to protect his rights, yet he too should be aware of his rights.
If someone is abroad, ill, physical challenged its the duty to protect his rights. No one should be allowed to take over his assets. In case owner is untraceable the state should take possession of the assets.
आधिः सीमा बालधनं निक्षेपोपनिधिः स्त्रियः।
राजस्वं श्रोत्रियस्वं च न भोगेन प्रणश्यति॥8.149॥
राजस्वं श्रोत्रियस्वं च न भोगेन प्रणश्यति॥8.149॥
गिरवी, गाँव की सीमा, बालक का धन, थाती, उपनिधि अर्थात किसी बर्तन में रखा हुआ गुप्त धन, दासी, राजस्व और वेदाध्यायी ब्राह्मण का धन किसी के द्वारा भोगा जाने पर भी धनी का स्वत्व नहीं रहता।
The user is not entitled to the mortgaged-pledged goods, boundary of the village-assets, infant's-child's wealth, inheritance, money concealed in secret chambers (walls, pots), slave women, receipts from the state and the wealth of the Brahmns busy in learning.
The user should evacuate, return them at once, as soon as they are asked for.
यः स्वामिनाननुज्ञातमाधिं भूङ्क्तेऽविचक्षणः।
तेनार्धवृद्धिर्मोक्तव्या तस्य भोगस्य निष्कृतिः॥8.150॥
तेनार्धवृद्धिर्मोक्तव्या तस्य भोगस्य निष्कृतिः॥8.150॥
जो मूर्ख स्वामी की अनुमति के बिना गिरवी रखी हुई चीज को भोगता है, वह उस भोग के बदले कर्जदार को आधा ब्याज छोड़ दे।
If the ignorant-money lender utilises the pledged-mortgaged property-goods without the permission of the debtor shall forfeit half of the interest over it.
कुसीदवृद्धिर्द्वैगुण्यं नात्येति सकृदाहृता।
धान्ये सदे लवे वाह्ये नातिक्रामति पञ्चताम्॥8.151॥
धान्ये सदे लवे वाह्ये नातिक्रामति पञ्चताम्॥8.151॥
यदि एक साथ सूद और मूलधन लिया जाता हो तो मूलधन के दुगुने से अधिक ब्याज नहीं लेना चाहिये। अनाज, पेड़ों के फल, ऊन और बैल, घोड़े आदि कर्ज लेने पर उनके दाम के पाँच गुने से ज्यादा ब्याज नहीं लेना चाहिये।
If the debt is cleared along with interest and principal amount, the interest shall not exceed double the principal. If the food grain, fruit bearing trees, wool, oxen-bulls, horses etc. are mortgaged the interest shall not exceed five times their price.
कृतानुसारादधिका व्यतिरिक्ता न सिद्ध्यति ।
कुसीदपथमाहुस्तं पञ्चकं शतमर्हति॥8.152॥
कुसीदपथमाहुस्तं पञ्चकं शतमर्हति॥8.152॥
निश्चित ब्याज की दर से अधिक ब्याज नहीं लेना चाहिये। अधिक ब्याज लेने को कुसीद कहते हैं। किसी भी हालत में ब्याज 5 % से अधिक न हो।
The money lender shall not charge interest at a rate which is more than the rate mutually fixed-settled or legally declared by the state. The interest charged at a rate more than one prefixed is called Kusid which is a sin. Under any circumstances the rate of interest shall not exceed more than 5%.
The interest charged over the loans through credit card is some times as high as 47% which is a sin.
नातिसांवत्सरीं वृद्धिं न चादृष्टां पुनर्हरेत्।
चक्रवृद्धिः कालवृद्धिः कारिता कायिका च या॥8.153॥
चक्रवृद्धिः कालवृद्धिः कारिता कायिका च या॥8.153॥
ब्याज की रकम का भुगतान नियमित रूप से एक, दो या फिर तीन महीने की अवधि में होना चाहिये। ब्याज अदायगी की सीमा एक वर्ष से अधिक कभी नहीं होनी चाहिये। वर्ष के पूरे होने पर ब्याज की राशि बढ़ाकर नहीं लेनी चाहिये। चक्रवृद्धि ब्याज नहीं लेना चाहिये। ऋण लेने वाले को किसी प्रकार का कष्ट देकर या हानि पहुँचाकर ब्याज नहीं बढ़वाना चाहिये।
The time limit for payment of interest shall be on monthly basis or twice monthly or at the most thee monthly basis at the most. The interest payment should not be allowed on annual basis. On completion of one year the interest shall not be charged on enhanced amount. Compound interest shall not be charged.
The banks have no effective means to collect interest from the debtors. The poor or the farmers keep on taking money from the banks and forget to refund. They utilise the money in other activities for which the loan was not sanctioned, like drinking wine, betting-gambling, marriage, luxury. Then suddenly some political party say congress, contact them and arise mass protest for the waving of whole money along with principal and interest. Then the political parties raise the bogie of the 31 large debtors who have slipped away from the country without clearing debt. This is a dangerous trend established by congress party for the sake of votes forcing the economy into back gear. In fact an anti national measure. All political parties including BJP & Shiv Sena are not far behind.
ऋणं दातुमशक्तो यः कर्तुमिच्छेत्पुनः क्रियाम्।
स दत्त्वा निर्जितां वृद्धिं करणं परिवर्तयेत्॥8.154॥
स दत्त्वा निर्जितां वृद्धिं करणं परिवर्तयेत्॥8.154॥
जो ऋण देने में असमर्थ हो और वो फिर से नया ऋण पत्र लिखना चाहे तो पहले का सब ब्याज चुका कर नया ऋण पत्र-इकरारनामा लिख दे।
One may renew the agreement for payment of principal and interest after clearing previous interest.
अदर्शयित्वा तत्रैव हिरण्यं परिवर्तयेत्।
यावती संभवेद् वृद्धिस्तावतीं दातुमर्हति॥8.155॥
यावती संभवेद् वृद्धिस्तावतीं दातुमर्हति॥8.155॥
यदि ब्याज का द्रव्य देने में उस समय असमर्थ हो तो जितना ब्याज हुआ उतना मूल में जोड़कर नया ऋण पत्र-इकरारनामा लिख दे।
If the debtor is unable to clear the interest in the stipulated-fixed time period, he may rewrite the agreement by adding the interest in the principal.
Its always in the interest of the debtor to clear loans as quickly as possible, since it maintain his credibility and position in the society.
चक्रवृद्धिं समारूढो देशकालव्यवस्थितः।
अतिक्रामन्देशकालौ न तत्फलमवाप्नुयात्॥8.156॥
अतिक्रामन्देशकालौ न तत्फलमवाप्नुयात्॥8.156॥
गाड़ी चलाने वाला निश्चित स्थान तक का किराया लेकर उस स्थान तक न पहुँचाये अथवा किसी को नियत अवधि के लिये गाड़ी दे और उससे पहले ही उसका काम रोक दे, तो गाड़ी वाला कुछ भी पाने का अधिकारी नहीं होता।
If the driver-owner of a carriage agrees to deliver goods or take the passengers to their destination-designated place, but fails to do so, he is not entitled for payment-charges.
समुद्रयानकुशला देशकालार्थदर्शिनः।
स्थापयन्ति तु यां वृद्धिं सा तन्नाधिगमं प्रति॥8.157॥
स्थापयन्ति तु यां वृद्धिं सा तन्नाधिगमं प्रति॥8.157॥
दूरी और समय के अनुसार भाड़ा और किराया जानने वाले जलस्थल-वाहनों के कुशल पुरुष जो भाड़ा नियत करते हैं वही ठीक माना जाता है।
The tariff fixed by the experts managing travel-transport and loading of goods-luggage is considered to be valid (correct, justified, genuine).
यो यस्य प्रतिभूस्तिष्ठेद्दर्शनायेह मानवः।
अदर्शयन्स तं तस्य प्रयच्छेत्स्वधनादृणम्॥8.158॥
अदर्शयन्स तं तस्य प्रयच्छेत्स्वधनादृणम्॥8.158॥
जो मनुष्य जिसका जामिन-प्रतिभू हो और उस कर्जदार को सभा में हाजिर न कर सके तो स्वयं धनी का ऋण चुकाये।
If the guarantor fails to produce the debtor in the court, he shall clear the debt of the money lender.
प्रातिभाव्यं वृथादानमाक्षिकं सौरिकां च यत्।
दण्डशुल्कावशेषं च न पुत्रो दातुमर्हति॥8.159॥
दण्डशुल्कावशेषं च न पुत्रो दातुमर्हति॥8.159॥
प्रातिभाव्य (जामिन के नाते जप दण्ड देना पड़े), वृथा दान, नट, भाँड आदि का जो कुछ देना हो, आक्षिक (जुए के सम्बन्ध का) सौरिक (मद्य सम्बन्धी), अपराध विशेष का दण्ड और कर विशेष का अवशेष, इन सब देनों का (देनदार का) पुत्र देनदार नहीं होता।
Guarantor's-surety's son is not liable to clear the fines, unnecessary donations-charity, payments to jugglers (jokers, actors, performers) etc., payments by virtue of betting-gambling, bills pertaining to wine (drinks, narcotics, drugs), punishments for a crime, balance of taxes due to the person for whom the guarantee was given.
दर्शनप्रातिभाव्ये तु विधिः स्यात्पूर्वचोदितः।
दानप्रतिभुवि प्रेते दायादानपि दापयेत्॥8.160॥
दानप्रतिभुवि प्रेते दायादानपि दापयेत्॥8.160॥
उक्त नियम दर्शन प्रतिभू (जमानत करने वाले के) विषय में हुआ। परन्तु दान-प्रतिभू (ऋण देने की जमानत करने वाले) के सम्बन्ध में यह नियम है कि मरने पर उसके पुत्र से वह ऋण दिलाया जाये।
This is the rule pertaining-applicable to the guarantor-surety, but if the surety dies his son is liable to clear-discharge the debt.
This is applicable to the donations pledged by the person prior to his death. If the son fails to donate the pledged money the court may ask him to do so, if he has the capability to do so.
अदातरि पुनर्दाता विज्ञातप्रकृतावृणम्।
पश्चात्प्रतिभुवि प्रेते परीप्सेत्केन हेतुना॥8.161॥
पश्चात्प्रतिभुवि प्रेते परीप्सेत्केन हेतुना॥8.161॥
दान प्रतिभू नहीं है, पर जिसने असामी से उसका मूल ऋण शोधन लायक द्रव्य लेकर यह प्रतिभूत्व किया है, यह जानकर जो ऋण असामी को दिया गया, वह उस प्रतिभू के मरने पर किस प्रकर से प्राप्त किया जाये?!
The surety is no more but some one is there, who took money from the surety to clear the debt; aware of this fact that the money was received from the surety by him, what measures should be adopted to recover it from him (the third party)!?
निरादिष्टधनश्चेत्तु प्रतिभूः स्यादलंधनः।
स्वधनादेव तद्दद्यान्निरादिष्ट इति स्थितिः॥8.162॥
स्वधनादेव तद्दद्यान्निरादिष्ट इति स्थितिः॥8.162॥
यदि प्रतिभू (जामिन) को ऋणी से उसके ऋण शोधन के बराबर धन मिला हो तो, (ऐसे प्रतिभू के मरने के बाद) उसका पुत्र अपने धन से वह ऋण शोध दे, यही शास्त्र की मर्यादा है।
The scriptures state-order that the son of the person who received money from the guarantor-surety to clear the debt, should clear the debt after his death.
One who received his father's wealth-assets in supposed to clear all liabilities left behind by his father.
मत्तोन्मत्तार्ताध्यधीनैर्बालेन स्थविरेण वा।
असंबद्धकृतश्चैव व्यवहारो न सिद्ध्यति॥8.163॥
असंबद्धकृतश्चैव व्यवहारो न सिद्ध्यति॥8.163॥
मतवाला, पागल, शोकार्त, रोगग्रस्त, सेवक, बालक और वृद्ध; इनके साथ घर वालों की सम्मति के बिना जो व्यवहार होता है, वह सिद्ध नहीं होता है।
Financial matters, deeds, agreements signed-agreed to by intoxicated, mad-insane, diseased, servants, children or the aged-old are invalid without the consent of their family members.
सत्या न भाषा भवति यद्यपि स्यात्प्रतिष्ठिता।
बहिश्चेद्भाष्यते धर्मान्नियताद्व द्वयाव्यावहारिकात्॥8.164॥
बहिश्चेद्भाष्यते धर्मान्नियताद्व द्वयाव्यावहारिकात्॥8.164॥
बात पक्की होने पर भी यदि वह धर्मशास्र और व्यवहार के विरुद्ध हो तो सत्य नहीं होती।
A settlement or agreement-decree against the scriptures and normal practices is invalid, prevailing at that time.
योगाधमनविक्रीतं योगदानप्रतिग्रहम्।
यत्र वाऽप्युपधिं पश्येत्तत्सर्वं विनिवर्तयेत्॥8.165॥
यत्र वाऽप्युपधिं पश्येत्तत्सर्वं विनिवर्तयेत्॥8.165॥
छल से कोई चीज बन्धक रखी जाये या बेची जाये, दान दी जाये या ली जाये अथवा कपट से कोई व्यवहार किया हो तो, इन सभी व्यवहारों को राजा रद्द कर दे।
A fraudulent deal, mortgage or sale, a fraudulent gift (donation, charity under compulsion, force or through corrupt means) or its acceptance and any transaction where fraud (forgery, deception, guilt), is detected the judge (king, state) shall declare it null and void.
ग्रहीता यदि नष्टः स्यात्कुटुम्बार्थे कृतो व्ययः।
दातव्यं बान्धवैस्तत्स्यात्प्रविभक्तैरपि स्वतः॥8.166॥
दातव्यं बान्धवैस्तत्स्यात्प्रविभक्तैरपि स्वतः॥8.166॥
कुटुम्ब खर्च के लिये ऋण लेने वाला यदि मर जाये, तो अलग-अलग होने पर भी बान्धवों को अपने-अपने धन चुका देना चाहिये।
If the debtor who took loans (borrowed money) for the family dies, his family members should clear the debt from their own earning even if they have separated.
कुटुम्बार्थेऽध्यधीनोऽपि व्यवहारं यमाचरेत्।
स्वदेशे वा विदेशे वा तं ज्यायान्न विचालयेत्॥8.167॥
स्वदेशे वा विदेशे वा तं ज्यायान्न विचालयेत्॥8.167॥
जो किसी के अधीन हो, यदि वह अपने स्वामी के कुटुम्ब के लिये ऋण ले, तो उसका स्वामी देश में हो या विदेश में, अपने को उस ऋण का देनदार समझे।
The employer is liable to clear the debt-loan his employee has taken for the welfare of his family, whether he is in the country or abroad.
बलाद्दत्तं बलाद् भुक्तं बलाद्यच्चापि लेखितम्। सर्वान्बलकृतानर्थानकृतान्मनुरब्रवीत्॥8.168॥
बलपूर्वक जो दिया जाये, भोग किया जाये, लिखवाया जाये और सभी काम जो बलपूर्वक किये जायें वे नहीं करने के बराबर हैं, ऐसा मनु जी ने कहा है।
Manu has doctrined that any forbidden action under force-threat, utilisation-consumption of goods or property, deeds written are null & void.
त्रयः परार्थे क्लिश्यन्ति साक्षिणः प्रतिभूः कुलम्।
चत्वारस्तूपचीयन्ते विप्र आढ्यो वणिङ्नृपः॥8.169॥
चत्वारस्तूपचीयन्ते विप्र आढ्यो वणिङ्नृपः॥8.169॥
साक्षी, प्रतिभू-जामिन और कुल-स्वजन, ये तीन परार्थ से क्लेश उठाते हैं और ब्राह्मण, धनी, वणिक और राजा ये चार परार्थ से वृद्धि पाते हैं।
The witness, guarantor and the members of the family bear pain (trouble, tension) for the sake of other's sake and the Brahmn, Money lender, trader and the king grows-progress by doing selfless service of others.
The Brahman attains Salvation, money lender gains good will, the trader's business flourish and the boundaries of the pious-virtuous king's empire extend by servicing the society through selfless service. The pious, virtuous, righteous, honest, truthful always gains-succeed in spite of facing difficulties temporarily. But, the God is always by his side.
अनादेयं नाददीत परिक्षीणोऽपि पार्थिवः।
न चादेयं समृद्धोऽपि सूक्ष्ममप्यर्थमुत्सृजेत्॥8.170॥
न चादेयं समृद्धोऽपि सूक्ष्ममप्यर्थमुत्सृजेत्॥8.170॥
निर्धन होने के बाबजूद राजा न लेने योग्य वस्तु को न ले और समृद्ध होने पर भी लेने योग्य छोटी सी वस्तु को भी न छोड़े।
The king should not accept (collect, crave) for the goods unfit for him in spite of being poor (coffer are empty) and shall not discard the smallest useful good in spite of being rich (coffer are full).
Useless goods become burden and need space for storage and are inauspicious. A commodity which can be used-reused should be stored and kept-stored with care, since one day or the other, it may be needed-utilised.
अनादेयस्य चादानादादेयस्य च वर्जनात्।
दौर्बल्यं ख्याप्यते राज्ञः स प्रेत्येह च नश्यति॥8.171॥
दौर्बल्यं ख्याप्यते राज्ञः स प्रेत्येह च नश्यति॥8.171॥
न लेने योग्य वस्तु के लेने से और लेने योग्य वस्तु के न लेने से राजा की दुर्बलता प्रकट होती है, उसके लोक-परलोक दोनों नष्ट होते हैं।
Accepting a useless commodity and discarding a useful good shows king's weakness and spoil his present and next birth.
Capturing a disturbed area will increase his tension and acquiring a flouring state will add to his fortunes, prosperity of his empire, populace and strength.
स्वादानाद् वर्णसंसर्गात्त्वबलानां च रक्षणात्।
बलं सञ्जायते राज्ञः स प्रेत्येह च वर्धते॥8.172॥
बलं सञ्जायते राज्ञः स प्रेत्येह च वर्धते॥8.172॥
प्राप्त धन लेने से, स्वजातियों के साथ सम्बन्ध रखने से दुर्बलों की रक्षा करने से राजा का बल बढ़ता है और उसके इहलोक और परलोक सुधरते हैं।
The strength of the king increases by accepting the wealth (money, taxes), maintaining cordial relations with people of the same origin-caste and protection of the weak, the king improves his current and next birth.
The king should be approachable to the populace. He should not distance himself from the masses and willing to help one in genuine need.
तस्माद्यम इव स्वामी स्वयं हित्वा प्रियाप्रिये।
वर्तेत याम्यया वृत्त्या जितक्रोधो जितेन्द्रियः॥8.173॥
वर्तेत याम्यया वृत्त्या जितक्रोधो जितेन्द्रियः॥8.173॥
इसलिए यम के सदृश्य राजा को अपना प्रिय-अप्रिय त्यागकर जितेन्द्रिय और जित-क्रोध होकर यम के समान वृत्ति से रहना चाहिये।
The king should control his anger and passions (sensuality, sexuality, desires, wants, allurements, hatred) and live a life of austerity like Yam, the deity of justice, Dharm. He should be balance headed, neutral and discard his personal liking and disliking while ruling the state.
He should be bound by his duty to the masses and their well being. welfare, service.
यस्त्वधर्मेण कार्याणि मोहात्कुर्यान्नराधिपः।
अचिरात्तं दुरात्मानं वशे कुर्वन्ति शत्रवः॥8.174॥
अचिरात्तं दुरात्मानं वशे कुर्वन्ति शत्रवः॥8.174॥
जो राजा मोहान्ध होकर अधर्म पूर्वक कार्य करता है, उस दुरात्मा को शत्रुगण शीघ्र ही अपने वश में कर लेते हैं।
The evil, wicked, sinner, impious king who act against the Dharm-virtues is over powered, captured by his enemy.
Prathvi Raj Chauhan, Dhratrashtr in his previous birth, abducted and married the daughter of Jai Chand who was of the age of his own daughter and invited the wrath of Rajput rulers. Thereafter, he did not care-looked after day to day administration of his empire. He nourished the ego of being mighty and did not care to punish Ghori. He should have killed Ghori at the first opportunity but talked of "Raghu Kul Reet" and pardoned the invader. He invited enmity-trouble by marrying Jai Chand's daughter. Most of the Raj Put rulers turned against him. He was at fault from very beginning.
He was sex blind lascivious.
कामक्रोधौ तु संयम्य योऽर्थान्धर्मेण पश्यति।
प्रजास्तमनुवर्तन्ते समुद्रमिव सिन्धवः॥8.175॥
प्रजास्तमनुवर्तन्ते समुद्रमिव सिन्धवः॥8.175॥
जो राजा काम-क्रोध का संयम करके धर्म से सब कामों को देखता है, उसका अनुसरण प्रजा भी उसी प्रकार करती हुई चलती है, जैसे नदियाँ समुद्र के पीछे।
The public-populace follows the king who controls his passions (lust, sexuality, sensuality, desires, lasciviousness) and anger and rules-administers the state in conformity with the scriptures, just like the river which is destined to merge with the ocean.
यथा राजा तथा प्रजा। General public-masses copy the manners, behaviour, traits of the ruler, emperor-king & even the faith-religion.
यः साधयन्तं छन्देन वेदयेद्धनिकं नृपे।
स राज्ञा तच्चतुर्भागं दाप्यस्तस्य च तद्धनम्॥8.176॥
स राज्ञा तच्चतुर्भागं दाप्यस्तस्य च तद्धनम्॥8.176॥
जो ऋणी अपनी इच्छा से अपने ऐसे महाजन की शिकायत कर दे कि वह अवास्तविक-अव्यवहारिक रीति से ऋण वसूल कर रहा है, तो राजा उसके ऋण का चौथा भाग उसके ऊपर दण्ड (जुर्माने के रूप में) करके महाजन का कर्ज उससे दिला दे।
If the debtor lodges false complaint against the money lender who is charging the interest and principal in conformity with the set rules, scriptures; the king should seek the refund of the debt along with interest and fine him to the tune of one fourth of its value.
Its a common practice to lodge false complaints against person who is a target of the sinners-wicked. The judge should examine the record & life style of the complainant prior to taking any action and discharge the honest, virtuous ideal person at once, with honour and put the complainant to rigorous imprisonment and fine.
कर्मणाऽपि समं कुर्याद्धनिकायाधमर्णिकः।
समोऽवकृष्टजातिस्तु दद्यातच्छ्रे यांस्तु तच्छनैः॥8.177॥
समोऽवकृष्टजातिस्तु दद्यातच्छ्रे यांस्तु तच्छनैः॥8.177॥
यदि कर्जदार महाजन को सजातीय या नीच जाति का हो तो उसका काम करके भी ऋण चुका दे। यदि उत्तम जाति का हो तो वह अपने से हीन जाति के महाजन की सेवा न करके थोड़ा-थोड़ा ऋण चुका दे।
If the debtor belongs to same caste or a lower caste compared to the money lender he may repay debt in terms of labour by doing his work. A debtor from higher caste compared to the money lender should repay the debt in small instalment, bit by bit.
A prudent person will always avoid loans. He will prefer to cut his expenditure instead. If compelled by unforeseen circumstances, he would get rid of it at the earliest paying it in due instalments.
After the first world war some countries introduced loans to buy good in instalments to consumers. The practice prevails. The balance headed-prudent enjoys by making a balance between income and expenditure. Most of the countries are reeling under huge loans, including America and India. America is surviving over the savings of others. In India the politicians are enjoying with the loans taken by the successive government. There is no attempt to reduce debt or repay loans from IMF, world bank or lending countries.
अनेन विधिना राजा मिथो विवदतां नृणाम्।
साक्षिप्रत्ययसिद्धानि कार्याणि समतां नयेत्॥8.178॥
साक्षिप्रत्ययसिद्धानि कार्याणि समतां नयेत्॥8.178॥
इसी विधि से राजा परपस्पर झगड़ते हुए पुरुषों का साक्षी और प्रमाणों के द्वारा व्यवहार-उपयोग कर निर्णय करे।
The king is ought to settle the disputes-cases of the people quarrelling together on the basis of witnesses and the proof, related proof-evidence available by using the procedure-methodology discussed above.
The king-judge has to use his discretion, prudence, insight, intuition, farsightedness simultaneously while deciding the issues.
In India in general most of the people appointed as judges are unfit for this revered job.The collegium system never allows the intelligent-diligent get an opportunity to become a judge.
कुलजे वृत्तसम्पन्ने धर्मज्ञे सत्यवादिनि।
महापक्षे धनिन्यार्ये निक्षेपं निक्षिपेद् बुधः॥8.179॥
महापक्षे धनिन्यार्ये निक्षेपं निक्षिपेद् बुधः॥8.179॥
चतुर व्यक्ति को कुलीन, सच्चरित्र, धर्मज्ञ, सत्यवादी, बहुकुटुम्बी, धनवान और सरल स्वभाव वाले व्यक्ति (महाजन) के पास धन जमा कराना चाहिये।
A sensible-prudent person should make a deposit with a person (money lender) of descent-good family back ground-reputation, having good conduct-character, who is virtuous, rich, truthful-veracious, simple by nature.
One should ensure that he deposits money with a person who is not greedy.
यो यथा निक्षिपेद्द्स्ते यमर्थं यस्य मानवः।
स तथैव ग्रहीतव्यो यथा दायस्तथा ग्रहः॥8.180॥
स तथैव ग्रहीतव्यो यथा दायस्तथा ग्रहः॥8.180॥
जो मनुष्य जिस प्रकार जिसके हाथ में, जिस लिये धन सौंपे, वह उसी प्रकार से उससे ले, क्योंकि जैसे देना वैसे लेना यही नीति है।
The procedure for deposition and refund of money should be same.
One who accepts deposits is ought to pay interest to the depositor which is normally lower than what he charges when he lends money.
यो निक्षेपं याच्यमानो निक्षेप्तुर्न प्रयच्छति।
स याच्यः प्राड्विवाकेन तत्निक्षेप्तुरसन्निधौ॥8.181॥
स याच्यः प्राड्विवाकेन तत्निक्षेप्तुरसन्निधौ॥8.181॥
धरोहर धरने वाले के माँगने पर यदि महाजन उसे धन न दे तो न्यायकर्ता धरोहर धरने वाले के परोक्ष में महाजन से वह धरोहर माँगे।
If the money lendoer do not return the deposited goods by a depositor; the judge should ask him for returning goods in the absence of the depositor.
साक्ष्यभावे प्रणिधिभिर्वयोरूपसमन्वितैः।
अपदेशैश्च संन्यस्य हिरण्यं तस्य तत्त्वतः॥8.182॥
अपदेशैश्च संन्यस्य हिरण्यं तस्य तत्त्वतः॥8.182॥
धरोहर में साक्षी का अभाव हो तो न्यायकर्ता अपने रूपवान नवयुवक चरों द्वारा छलपूर्वक उसके पास सोना धरोहर रखवावे हुए फिर उन्हीं द्वारा वह धरोहर मँगवावे।
In case there is lack of evidence-witness, the judge should deposit some gold with the money lender through his young employees (emissaries, spies) deceptively and then let the employees ask the money lender to return it.
स यदि प्रतिपद्येत यथान्यस्तं यथाकृतम्।
न तंन्न विद्यते किंचिद्यत्परैरभियुज्यते॥8.183॥
न तंन्न विद्यते किंचिद्यत्परैरभियुज्यते॥8.183॥
वह महाजन यदि धरोहर की चीज जैसी रखी गयी हो वैसी ही दे दे तो न्यायकर्ता को समझना चाहिये कि धरोहर वाले ने जो उस पर अपनी धरोहर की नालिश की है वह झूठी है।
If the defendant returns-restores the goods in their original-actual shape & size, the judge should conclude that the complaint has made a false claim.
There are wicked people who are always willing (ready, quick) to torture, tease, trouble others through false claims, complaints. They should be detected and punished severely, so that others do not dare repeat the same offence. It should be exemplary in nature.
तेषां न दद्याद्यदि तु तद् तद्धिरण्यं यथाविधि।
उभौ निगृह्य दाप्यः स्यादिति धर्मस्य धारणा॥8.184॥
उभौ निगृह्य दाप्यः स्यादिति धर्मस्य धारणा॥8.184॥
यदि राजदूतों की धरी हुई सोने की धरोहर को वह न दे तो न्यायकर्ता उस महाजन से दोनों की धरोहर दिला दे, यही धर्म का निश्चय है।
In case the money lender do not return the gold coins deposited with him, (or the goods in his custody), the judge should ensure that the goods are restored to both the owners.
Its essential to contact the clients-borrowers of the money lender and seek their opinion about him, as well. And of course the money lender deserve punishment if found guilty.
निक्षेपोपनिधी नित्यं न देयो प्रत्यनन्तरे।
नश्यतो विनिपाते तावनिपाते त्वनाशिनौ॥8.185॥
नश्यतो विनिपाते तावनिपाते त्वनाशिनौ॥8.185॥
निक्षेप और उपनिधि जिसकी रखी हुई हों, उसी को दे दे। उसके जीते जी उसके उत्तराधिकारी को न दे, क्योंकि धरोहर रखने वाला जब तक जीता है, तब तक पूरा अधिकार उसी का होता है; किन्तु मरने के बाद उसका अधिकार नष्ट हो जाता है।
The depositor deserves to seek the return of his goods, not his successors deposited either in sealed cover or open. But after his death his successors may claim them.
Its the duty of the money lender to identify and return the goods to the successors after clearance of due charges, taxes, interest etc.
Money lender's successors are also bound by these postulates.
स्वयमेव तु यौ दद्यान्मृतस्य प्रत्यनन्तरे।
न स राज्ञा नियोक्तव्यो न निक्षेप्तुश्च बन्धुभिः॥8.186॥
न स राज्ञा नियोक्तव्यो न निक्षेप्तुश्च बन्धुभिः॥8.186॥
जो महाजन धरोहर रखने वाले के मरने पर उत्तराधिकारी को धरोहर दे दे, तो धरोहर रखने वाले के बन्धु या राजा को उस पर वृथा अन्य वस्तुओं का अभियोग नहीं लगाना चाहिये।
If the money lender returns the goods intact to the successors either the relatives or the king should not accuse him of fraud.
अच्छलेनैव चान्विच्छेत्तमर्थं प्रीतिपूर्वकम्।
विचार्य तस्य वा वृत्तं साम्नैव परिसाधयेत्॥8.187॥
विचार्य तस्य वा वृत्तं साम्नैव परिसाधयेत्॥8.187॥
निश्छल भाव से प्रसन्नता पूर्वक उस धन का निश्चय करे या उस धरोहर धरने वाले के व्यवहार को जानकर साम प्रयोग से धरोहर का पता लगावे।
The judge should decide the recovery of the pawned goods (or goods kept with some one in good faith due to confidence) happily without using deceptive means. He may convince, promise reprieve or leniency while deciding the case using appropriate psychological measures having understood the behavioural changes-symptoms of the depositor.
निक्षेपेष्वेषु सर्वेषु विधिः स्यात्परिसाधने।
समुद्रे नाप्नुयात्किचिद्यदि तस्मान्न संहरेत्॥8.188॥
समुद्रे नाप्नुयात्किचिद्यदि तस्मान्न संहरेत्॥8.188॥
सभी धरोहरों को प्रमाणित करने के लिये यह विधि कही गयी, किन्तु मुहर की हुई धरोहर में से कुछ न ले तो उस पर दोष नहीं लगाया जा सकता।
This is the description of procedure to certify the mortgaged goods, but if the depository has not tempered the sealed or misappropriated with the goods, he can not be censured-blamed or punished.
चौरैर्हृतं जलेनोढमग्निना दग्धमेव वा।
न दद्याद्यदि तस्मात्स न संहरति किञ्चन ॥8.189॥
न दद्याद्यदि तस्मात्स न संहरति किञ्चन ॥8.189॥
चोर चुरा ले या जल में बहा ले जाये या आग में जल जाये तो धरोहर धरने वाला वह नहीं दे सकता, यदि उसमें से उसने कुछ न लिया हो।
The depository can not return the mortgaged goods if they are stolen, swept away in water or burnt if he has not consumed a part of it.
One who is charging interest is liable to compensate for the loss suffered by the depositor. The banks make the depositor sign forms which absolves them of the loss suffered by the depositor. The depository should ensure the safety of the goods with him, belonging to customers. They are charging annual rent from the depositor and hence they must compensate for the loss, what ever may be the case or circumstances.
निक्षेपस्यापहर्तारमनिक्षेप्तारमेव च।
सर्वैरुपायैरन्विच्छेच्छपथैश्चैव वैदिकैः॥8.190॥
सर्वैरुपायैरन्विच्छेच्छपथैश्चैव वैदिकैः॥8.190॥
धरोहर मारने वाले और धरोहर न रखकर माँगने वाले को राजा वैदिक शपथ और समादिक उपायों से जानकर सत्यासत्य का निरूपण करे।
The king should bind both the depositor who seek return without mortgage and the depository who do not intend-wish to return the mortgaged goods, under oath of the Veds-Almighty and make use of the four means of fact finding to bring out the truth (साम, दाम, दण्ड, भेद).
यो निक्षेपं नार्पयति यश्चानिक्षिप्य याचते।
तावुभौ चौरवच्छास्यौ दाप्यौ वा तत्समं दमम्॥8.191॥
तावुभौ चौरवच्छास्यौ दाप्यौ वा तत्समं दमम्॥8.191॥
जो धरोहर को नहीं देता और जो धरोहर न रखकर माँगता है, वे दोनों ही चोर के तुल्य दण्डनीय हैं। राजा उनसे उस द्रव्य के बराबर जुर्माना वसूल करे।
The king should punish both the depositor who seek return without mortgage and the depository who do not intend-wish to return the mortgaged goods, like a thief. Alternately, he may fine them equal to the value of the goods under question.
निक्षेपस्यापहर्तारं तत्समं दापयेद् दमम्।
तथोपनिधिहर्तारमविशेषेण पार्थिवः॥8.192॥
तथोपनिधिहर्तारमविशेषेण पार्थिवः॥8.192॥
धरोहर न देने वाले को राजा उस निक्षेप के बराबर दण्ड करे। वैसे ही उपनिधि हरने वाले को भी उसी के तुल्य जुर्माना करे।
Both the depository who fails to return the mortgaged goods and one who manipulate with the sealed goods, should be fined equal to the value of the goods in question.
उपधाभिश्च यः कश्चित् परद्रव्यं हरेन्नरः।
ससहायः स हन्तव्यः प्रकाशं विविधैर्वधैः॥8.193॥
ससहायः स हन्तव्यः प्रकाशं विविधैर्वधैः॥8.193॥
जो कोई पुरुष दूसरे के धन को धोखा देकर हरण करता है, राजा उसे और उसके सहायको को बहुत लोगों के सामने विविध प्रकार की दैहिक यंत्रणा देकर मार डाले।
The king should torture in various manners and kill thereafter in front of public view, such people who commit frauds, cheat and thug-loot others wealth; along with his accomplices.
The laws in India are lax, soft and heavily loaded in favour of the roughs, fraudulent people especially the culprits sitting in parliament, assemblies, councils.
निक्षेपो यः कृतो येन यावांश्च कुलसन्निधौ।
तावानेव स विज्ञेयो विब्रुवन्दण्डमर्हति॥8.194॥
तावानेव स विज्ञेयो विब्रुवन्दण्डमर्हति॥8.194॥
जिसने जितना धन साक्षी के सामने धरोहर रखा हो, साक्षी के कहने पर उसे धरोहर रखने वाले से उतना ही मिलना चाहिये, अधिक माँगने वाला दण्ड का भागी होता है।
The depositor who kept money with the depository in the presence of some witness, should be returned the money on being asked by the witness. One who demands more shall invite punishment, penalty.
Yes bank is in news these days due to the frauds committed by its owner-directors cheating the public in different modes. Such frauds can not occur without the connivance of bureaucratises, police, ministers and even the judiciary. [08.03.2020]
मिथो दायः कृतो येन गृहीतो मिथ एव वा।
मिथ एव प्रदातव्यो यथा दायस्तथा ग्रहः॥8.195॥
मिथ एव प्रदातव्यो यथा दायस्तथा ग्रहः॥8.195॥
जिसने एकान्त में धन रखने के लिये दिया हो और धरोहर धरने वाले ने भी एकान्त में धन लिया हो, तो वह धन एकान्त में ही लौटाना चाहिये। जिस प्रकर देना उसी प्रकार लेना।
If the money has been deposited in isolation-privacy by the depositor with the depository, it should be returned in isolation only.
निक्षिप्तस्य धनस्यैव प्रीत्योपनिहितस्य च।
राजा विनिर्णयं कुर्यादक्षिण्वन्यासधारिणम्॥8.196॥
राजा विनिर्णयं कुर्यादक्षिण्वन्यासधारिणम्॥8.196॥
धरोहर और अपनी ख़ुशी से भोगने के लिये दी हुई वस्तु के विषय में राजा को इस प्रकार निर्णय करना चाहिये, कि धरोहर धरने वाले को दुःख न हो।
King's decision pertaining to the goods deposited or willingly given to be used by some one should be, such that the depositor is not hurt in anyway.
विक्रीणीते परस्य स्वं योऽस्वामी स्वाम्यसंमतः।
न तं नयेत साक्ष्यं तु स्तेनमस्तेनमानिनम्॥8.197॥
न तं नयेत साक्ष्यं तु स्तेनमस्तेनमानिनम्॥8.197॥
जो मालिक की आज्ञा के बिना दूसरे का माल बेचता है, वह अपने को चोर न मानता हुआ भी चोर है। उसे किसी भी कार्य में साक्षी नहीं बनाना चाहिये।
One who sells the goods of others without their permission should be treated as a thief (cheat) though he may not consider himself guilty and he should not be admitted as a witness to any deal.
अवहार्यो भवेच्चैव सान्वयः षट्शतं दमम्।
निरन्वयोऽनपसरः प्राप्तः स्याच्चौरकिल्बिषम्॥8.198॥
निरन्वयोऽनपसरः प्राप्तः स्याच्चौरकिल्बिषम्॥8.198॥
यदि दूसरे का माल-असबाब (सामान) बेचने वाला उसके स्वामी का सम्बन्धी हो तो राजा उस पर 600 पण दण्ड लगाये और यदि उसका उस सम्पदा-सम्पत्ति से किसी-किस्म का कोई सम्बन्ध न हो तो उसे चोर के समान अपराधी मानना चाहिए।
If the unauthorised seller-offender of the deposited goods (or otherwise), is a relative of the owner, he should be fined 600 coins. In case the offender is not related to the owner, he should be treated like a thief and punished like a criminal.
अस्वामिना कृतो यस्तु दायो विक्रय एव वा।
अकृतः स तु विज्ञेयो व्यवहारे यथा स्थितिः॥8.199॥
अकृतः स तु विज्ञेयो व्यवहारे यथा स्थितिः॥8.199॥
जो जिस धन का मालिक नहीं है, उसका दिया हुआ या बेचा हुआ धन व्यवहार की मर्यादा के विरुद्ध होने से न देने और बेचने के बराबर है।
The goods, property gifted or transferred, handed over or sold to someone else without authority-ownership is null & void and is against all norms, morality, virtues, propriety.
सम्भोगो दृश्यते यत्र न दृश्येतागमः क्वचित्।
आगमः कारणं तत्र न सम्भोग इति स्थितिः॥8.200॥
आगमः कारणं तत्र न सम्भोग इति स्थितिः॥8.200॥
जहाँ पर किसी वस्तु का सम्भोग देखा जाता हो, किन्तु उसके आगम का कोई प्रमाण न पाया जाता हो, वहाँ आगम ही कारण माना जाता है, भोग नहीं। यही शास्त्र की आज्ञा है।
In case possession is evident, but no title is perceived, there the title shall be a proof of ownership, not possession. This is the verdict-decision of the scriptures.
In India villagers normally do not have written records title deeds, registration papers of their property in their possession. Raja Todar Mal during the regime of Akbar recorded the properties. Since then, the state may have the records but not the possessors. After the British regime a concerted effort was made to keep the records and that is prevailing, till now.
विक्रयाद्यो धनं किञ्चिद् गृह्णीयात्कुलसन्निधौ।
क्रयेण स विशुद्धं हि न्यायतो लभते धनम्॥8.201॥
क्रयेण स विशुद्धं हि न्यायतो लभते धनम्॥8.201॥
आढ़त से मूल्य देकर व्यापारियों के सामने जो माल खरीदा जाता है, वह न्याय से पाने के कारण विशुद्ध है।
The goods bought from the Adhat-Mandi (whole sate market, agency, distributor) by paying settled price in front of the businessmen is valid and has clear legal title.
Scriptures do not permit more than 16% over all profit from first point to last point, including cess & all taxes.
Its in the interest of the buyers to seek money receipts from the sellers. The receipts should have all the details of the seller, name address, registration numbers, sales tax numbers, telephone numbers etc.
The farm produce purchased by the whole sellers-buyers at the primary market is full of defects-corruption. The grower, peasant, farmer get as good as nothing. Some times he is unable to recover his costs as well.
Onions bought at 50 paise per kg by the whole sale traders-buyers at the Mandi is sold at 20-50 rupees per kg. Tomatoes bought at 50 paise per kg and the oranges bought at 50 paise per kg too are sold for 30-50 rupees in retail. The medicines are being sold at 10-100 times of their cost. All such traders deserve punishment here & their next abode. However, hells are more suitable for them. All those in administration, police bureaucracy & the judiciary too deserve this treatment.
अथ मूलमनाहार्यं प्रकाशक्रयशोधितः।
अदण्ड्यो मुच्यते राज्ञा नाष्टिको लभते धनम्॥8.202॥
अदण्ड्यो मुच्यते राज्ञा नाष्टिको लभते धनम्॥8.202॥
माल बेचने वाले का पता न लगे पर यह निश्चित हो कि बाजार में ही उसे दाम देकर खरीदार ने खरीदा है, तो वह खरीदार दण्ड का भागी नहीं होता। उसे बिना दण्ड दिये छोड़ देना चाहिये और असल में जिसका वह माल है, उसे वापस कर देना चाहिये।
If the real seller is untraceable but its certain that the buyer has bought it and paid the price then the buyer should be freed and the goods be restored to their real owner.
It happens when the goods are lost in transit within the market and some one else who found them, sells then and then disappear.
नान्यदन्येन संसृष्टरूपं विक्रयमर्हति।
न चासारं न च न्यूनं न दूरेण तिरोहितम्॥8.203॥
न चासारं न च न्यूनं न दूरेण तिरोहितम्॥8.203॥
बनिया किसी चीज में दूसरी चीज मिलाकर नकली चीज को अच्छी कहकर, दूर से नकली चीज दिखाकर, असली के दाम पर या तौल में कोई चीज कम करके नहीं बेच सकता।
The seller is not allowed to sell duplicate or contaminated goods or pass on duplicate goods by sowing them through some distance or sell less goods then the real weight.
The market is full of duplicate or triplicate goods manufactured in China or elsewhere. In India eatables are mixed with dust, coloured leather, small pieces of bricks, clay or pebbles. Fake goods are sold freely in the markets, the world over. Its the duty of the government to crush such sellers, confiscate their manufacturing sites-factories and put them in jail. Those who adulterate food must be killed.
अन्यां चेद्दर्शयित्वाऽन्या वोढुः कन्या प्रदीयते।
उभे त एक शुल्केन वहेदित्यब्रवीन्मनुः॥8.204॥
उभे त एक शुल्केन वहेदित्यब्रवीन्मनुः॥8.204॥
अच्छी लड़की दिखाकर वर का ब्याह किसी दूसरी लड़की से कर दे, तो उसी खर्च से दोनों लड़कियों के साथ व्याह कर ले, यह मनु ने कहा है।
If the girl's parents marry off a girl other than the one who was shown for marriage, the groom should marry both of them then and there, so that no extra expenditure has to be made by him. This is what has been said by Manu.
नोन्मत्ताया न कुष्ठिन्या न च या स्पृष्टमैथुना।
पूर्वं दोषानभिख्याप्य प्रदाता दण्डमर्हति॥8.205॥
पूर्वं दोषानभिख्याप्य प्रदाता दण्डमर्हति॥8.205॥
जो कन्या पागल, कुष्ठयुक्त है या पुरुष के साथ जिसका समागम हो चुका है, उसके इन दोषों को विवाह के पहले वर से न कहने वाला दण्ड पाने का अधिकारी होता है।
One (father, parents) who do not reveal about the mental illness-insanity, leprosy or loss of virginity of the girl-bride to the groom deserve to be punished.
During the current era i.e., Kali Yug the girls usually enter into sexual intercourse with multiple partners. If they reveal their past, their present is spoiled. If they continue to enjoy with other sex mates, they again spoil their future and next several incarnations. However, if a girl is raped she may be accepted for marriage. The rapist deserve sever punishment.
People like Mulayam Singh Yadav advocate leniency towards the rapists.
The girl should never enter into sexual alliance with anyone, prior to marriage and after marriage she should restrict herself to her husband only. She should reject overtures, advances by anyone else. She should be reserved in the company of other males and never leave loose strings.
ऋत्विग्यदि वृतो यज्ञे स्वकर्म परिहापयेत्।
तस्य कर्मानुरूपेण देयोंशः सहकर्तृभिः॥8.206॥
तस्य कर्मानुरूपेण देयोंशः सहकर्तृभिः॥8.206॥
यदि यज्ञ वरण में किया हुआ ऋत्विज किसी कारण से अपना कर्म करना छोड़ दे तो अन्य ऋत्विजों के साथ उसके कर्म के अनुसार दक्षिणा का अंश दिया जाना चाहिये।
If the Priest abandons the Yagy-sacrifice (due to unavoidable circumstances, personnel reason), rituals in between, he may be paid Dakshina-fees along with the other Priests who continue to perform the holy sacrifices-Agnihotr in fire, according his performance.
दक्षिणासु च दत्तासु स्वकर्म परिहापयन्।
कृत्स्नमेव लभेतांशमन्येनैव च कारयेत्॥8.207॥
कृत्स्नमेव लभेतांशमन्येनैव च कारयेत्॥8.207॥
यदि दक्षिणा दे दी जाने पर भी ऋत्विज अपने कर्म को पूरा न कर सके तो वह दक्षिणा के सब अंश रखे, परन्तु कर्म का शेष भाग दूसरे से पूरा करवाये।
In case the Priest is unable to complete the Yagy, ceremony, rituals in spite of being paid full dues-fee, he should ensure completion of ritual by other Priest.
The fee-Dakshina for religious performances is never fixed-decided in advance, yet the organiser try to give maximum to his ability. The Priest is satisfied with the gifts, food, money and is helped time and again by the organisers-host.
यस्मिन्कर्मणि यास्तु स्युरुक्ताः प्रत्यङ्गदक्षिणाः।
स एव ता आददीत भजेरन्सर्व एव वा॥8.208॥
स एव ता आददीत भजेरन्सर्व एव वा॥8.208॥
जिस कर्म में जिस अंग को जो दक्षिणा कही है, वह ऋत्विज आप ले या सब मिलकर आपस में बाँट लें।
The Priest performing a specific Pooja-prayer, shall keep the Dakshina for that segment of the ritual, ceremony, Yagy or distribute the whole Dakshina received after the Yagy amongest the other priests.
However, the specific gifts have to be retained the particular priest performing that organ of prayer.
रथं हरेत चाध्वर्युर्ब्रह्माधाने च वाजिनम्।
होता वाऽपि हरेदश्वमुद्गाता चाप्यनः क्रये॥8.209॥
होता वाऽपि हरेदश्वमुद्गाता चाप्यनः क्रये॥8.209॥
किसी आधान में अध्वर्यु को रथ, ब्रह्मा को और हवन करने वालों को घोड़ा तथा उद्गाता को गाड़ी और सोमक्रय करने वाले को गाड़ी देनी चाहिये।
The Adhvaryu priest shall take the chariot and the Brahma & one performing Hawan should take horses, the Udgata and the buyer of the Som Ras are entitled for cart.
The Yagy is performed by a team of Priest who are expert in specific recitations of Ved rhymes. The rhythm, note, correct pronouncing matters a lot. It matters where the sound has to rise or fall.
Its extremely difficult to hire-find a priest who is well versed with the procedures, tones-Rhythm of the Shloks.
सर्वेषामर्धिनो मुख्यास्तदर्धेनार्धिनोऽपरे।
तृतीयिनस्तृतीयांशांश्चतुर्थांशाश्च पादिनः॥8.210॥
तृतीयिनस्तृतीयांशांश्चतुर्थांशाश्च पादिनः॥8.210॥
सोलह ऋत्विजों में जो चार ऋत्विज मुख्य हैं, उन्हें आधी दक्षिणा, द्वितीय श्रेणी के चार ऋत्विजों को उसकी आधी, तृतीय श्रेणी के चार ऋत्विजों को उसकी तिहाई और चतुर्थ श्रेणी के चार ऋत्विजों को उसकी चौथाई दक्षिणा पाने के अधिकारी हैं।
The four head Priests among the sixteen are entitled to one half, the second tier shall receive half of the left over, the third tier gets one third of that and the rest goes to the fourth tier of Priests.
The team of Priests constitutes of trainee, the apprentice & the helpers.
सम्भूय स्वानि कर्माणि कुर्वद्भिरिह मानवैः।
अनेन विधियोगेन कर्तव्यांशप्रकल्पना॥8.211॥
अनेन विधियोगेन कर्तव्यांशप्रकल्पना॥8.211॥
एक साथ मिलकर काम करने वाले मनुष्यों को भी आपस में इसी उपयुक्त नियम के अनुसार अंश का निर्णय करना चाहिये।
Many people who join hands to perform a certain job (task, project) should opt for this rule for the sake of convenience in the distribution of earnings-wages.
धर्मार्थं येन दत्तं स्यात्कस्मै चिद्याचते धनम्।
पश्चाच्च न तथा तत्स्यान्न देयं तस्य तद्भवेत्॥8.212॥
पश्चाच्च न तथा तत्स्यान्न देयं तस्य तद्भवेत्॥8.212॥
यदि कोई किसी के माँगने पर धर्म कार्य के लिये धन ले, पीछे वह उस धन को उपयुक्त धर्मकार्य में न लगावे तो वह देय नहीं होता, जिस दाता ने वह धन दिया हो वह उसी का होता है।
If one collects money for religious ceremony (function, installation, construction) and he fails to perform the deed, the money continue to belong to the donor.
If the collector fails to utilise the money for the desired purpose or he do not return it back to the donor he is sure to suffer on this accord either in the current birth or the next birth.
In case the money is received back by the donor he should donate it to someone needy or drop it in the charity box of the temple.
यदि संसाधयेत्तत्तु दर्पात्लोभेन वा पुनः।
राज्ञा दाप्यः सुवर्णं स्यात्तस्य स्तेयस्य निष्कृतिः॥8.213॥
राज्ञा दाप्यः सुवर्णं स्यात्तस्य स्तेयस्य निष्कृतिः॥8.213॥
यदि वह अभिमान या लोभ के कारण उस धन को न लौटावे तो राजा उसको चोरी के पाप से उद्धार पाने के लिये एक स्वर्ण दण्ड करे।
If the collector do not wish to return the money and the matter has been reported to the king he should be fined one gold coin to get rid of the sin evolved due to his greed or ego.
दत्तस्यैषोदिता धर्म्या यथावदनुपक्रिया।
अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि वेतनस्यानपक्रियाम्॥8.214॥
अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि वेतनस्यानपक्रियाम्॥8.214॥
यह दिये हुए पदार्थों को धर्मपूर्वक समर्पित न करने की बात कही गयी। इसके अनन्तर वेतन न देने का विषय कहते हैं।
The return of goods as per law-rule has been said. After this, rules pertaining to non payment of salary-wages are being described.
भृतो नार्तो न कुर्याद्यो दर्पात्कर्म यथोदितम्।
स दण्ड्यः कृष्णलान्यष्टौ न देयं चास्य वेतनम्॥8.215॥
स दण्ड्यः कृष्णलान्यष्टौ न देयं चास्य वेतनम्॥8.215॥
नौकर स्वस्थ रहने पर भी अहङ्कार से कहा हुआ काम न करे तो, राजा उसे आठ कृष्णल दण्ड करे और वेतन न दे।
If a servant does not perform his duties in spite of being healthy-fit due to intoxication-arrogance, ego he has to be fined 8 Krashnals and is deprived from the salary for the period during which he abstained from work.
As a matter of rule government servants shun work specially those who are union leaders, Marxists, Maoists. The machinery is grossly corrupt. During congress rule such employees compelled others not to work. Files did not move. Promotions to eligible, brilliant-deserving were wilfully obstructed. The scheduled caste employees obtained promotions against rules by greasing the palms of greedy seniors. Modi government is also not much better on this front though, he is boasting-claiming this in England at present. PMO fails to answer genuine complaints but take up those stupid matters only, which involves undue publicity.
I was deprived of promotions at least 4-5 times during my tenure as a teacher at NDMC, New Delhi. Its not all; I have been deprived off Shiv Shankran Scales of pay in spite of Supreme Court & Delhi High Court orders. Still is NDMC ia not willing to labour Ministry orders. Even the Prime Minister of India is unwilling to help. At one point of time, I was not given salary for 2 months by an aided school in Rajasthan. This was repeated by Aggrwal High School at Ballabh Garh in Haryana.
Each and every private-aided school expelled teachers from service to save on PF and other service benefits. Its worst now; teachers are employed on ad-hoc basis and removed after 9 months. Government of GNCT, Delhi prefers to keep regular posts of teacher, principals vacant.
Education under Kejriwal is at its worst, but he projects it as the best possible model in India or else wher.
आर्तस्तु कुर्यात्स्वस्थः सन् यथाभाषितमादितः।
स दीर्घस्यापि कालस्य तत्लभेतैव वेतनम्॥8.216॥
स दीर्घस्यापि कालस्य तत्लभेतैव वेतनम्॥8.216॥
पीड़ित व्यक्ति स्वस्थ होने पर पहले कहे अनुसार अपना काम करे, तो वह अपने बहुत दिनों के बाकी वेतन को भी पाता है।
If an employee completes his pending work after recovery from illness, he is paid-receives wages for the period during which he could not do work.
At present the government is too generous towards the employees and its members of parliament. Even the private sector is generous. But the payment of wages and pension to parliamentarians, legislators or counsellors who neither work nor let the proceedings completed in parliament or assemblies; is highly questionable. Expenditures over the security of Rahul's (Congress president) sister, to the tune of 35 Lakh rupees per month is grossly illogical-objectionable and amounts to pouring tax payers money in the drain.
No pension should be paid to politicians on the lines of America. They should be treated as ordinary citizens as soon as they complete their tenure or relinquish office. An employee do not get pension even after serving for 40 years while a stupid-criminal parliamentarian, legislator or the counsellor pocket up to 5 pensions at a time.
No wages should be paid to them if there is a criminal case pending against them. They should not be allowed to vote either. No facilitates should be extended to them under any circumstances. They should be paid wages for that period only during which the session in in progress. They are real blood suckers, parasites and that too when they are actually present and do not create scenes-ruckus in the house. If they create hurdles they should be shunted out.
यथोक्तमार्तः सुस्थो वा यस्तत्कर्म न कारयेत्।
न तस्य वेतनं देयमल्पोनस्यापि कर्मणः॥8.217॥
न तस्य वेतनं देयमल्पोनस्यापि कर्मणः॥8.217॥
रोगी होने पर कहे हुए कार्य को दूसरे से न करावे, किन्तु स्वस्थ होने पर स्वयं उस काम को पूरा करे तो जो काम शेष रह जाये, उसका वेतन उसको नहीं देना चाहिये।
If the worker falls ill and do not get the job done through some other person, but execute it himself after recovery, in that case he should not be paid for the work which is left incomplete-undone.
A trend is emerging very fast in India. The worker instead of working over daily wages or on regular basis as an employee, takes contract for doing the job. Its observed that the same worker who was lazy, careless, irregular made all out effort to complete the work in fixed time period. But when the same worker accepts many contracts, he fails to do the job efficiently even by seeking help of many paid workers. He never mind cheating, deceiving the party who has assigned the contract to him.
The government raises minimum wages time and again and the gullible worker pretend not to work below that even when he remain without job for several days. He accepts new job-work only when there is no way out to fill his stomach-belly.
I have found that workers are not willing to work for 8 hours and stop work just after 5-6 hours. They are sluggish, inefficient and are not well versed with their work.The law is heavily in his favour and reject the poor person who hired them for petty jobs.Even the contractor do not carry out the work in settled time.
एष धर्मोऽखिलेनोक्तो वेतनादानकर्मणः।
अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि धर्मं समयभेदिनाम्॥8.218॥
अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि धर्मं समयभेदिनाम्॥8.218॥
वेतन देने-लेने की सब व्यवस्था कही गई, अब प्रतिज्ञा भङ्ग करने वालों की व्यवस्था कहता हूँ।
Having discussed the mode of payment, I shall describe how to deal with those, who breach the contract, agreement, deal.
यो ग्रामदेशसङ्घानां कृत्वा सत्येन संविदम्।
विसंवदेन्नरो लोभात्तं राष्ट्राद्विप्रवासयेत्॥8.219॥
विसंवदेन्नरो लोभात्तं राष्ट्राद्विप्रवासयेत्॥8.219॥
जो मनुष्य ग्राम-देश समूह का सत्यता से काम करने की प्रतिज्ञा करे, पीछे वह लोभ से हट जाये तो राजा उसे अपने राज्य से निकल दे।
One who enters into an agreement to execute the job to the best of his level and ability, but later breaches the contract due to greed deserve to be expelled from the country.
Almost all contractual jobs in India runs way back behind schedule, due to official apathy, inefficiency and carelessness of the contractors. The contractor is immature, too busy to handle several tasks at the same time. He uses muscle power, contacts, bribes to get the job. The tenders-quotations are inflated. The job is assigned to the minimum bidder. The bidders some times form a cartel and obtain the contract. It has been found that just 23%-33% of the real value goes into the project and rest is pocked by engineers, bureaucrats & the politicians. The quality of the work is extremely poor. The guilty escapes the jaws-clutches of the law. If by chance he is caught, then the law machinery is too sluggish & corrupt. It takes 25-35 years to settle-decide the case and the contractor passes away without being punished. It has been observed even the judiciary is corrupt and the judge accept bribe to settle the case favour of higher bidder.
निगृह्य दापयेच्चैनं समयव्यभिचारिणम्।
चतुःसुवर्णान्षण्णि ष्कांश्छतमानं च राजतम्॥8.220॥
चतुःसुवर्णान्षण्णि ष्कांश्छतमानं च राजतम्॥8.220॥
ऐसे समयानुसार काम न करने वाले को कारागार में डालकर, उससे चार सुवर्ण, छः निष्क और तीन सौ बीस रत्ती चाँदी वसूल करे।
The judge should put the person who undertook to do the job in a fixed span of time, but failed to do that, in the prison and recover four Gold coins-Suvarn, six Nishk and three hundred twenty Ratti of silver from him.
The contractor in India are high and mighty or from criminal back ground. Generally, they have links with the bureaucracy, politicians or the politicians and bureaucrats themselves take the contracts in benami deals. These people deserve to be removed from the society. The officials are compelled to over look their misdeeds.
In Noida its own officials form fake-dubious companies and accept obtain the tenders. The quality of work is below par.
These days the officials hush up the complaints quickly & never punished.[16.03.2020]
एतद्दण्डविधिं कुर्याद्धार्मिकः पृथिवीपतिः।
ग्रामजातिसमूहेषु समयव्यभिचारिणाम्॥8.221॥
ग्रामजातिसमूहेषु समयव्यभिचारिणाम्॥8.221॥
धार्मिक राजा ग्राम-जाति समूह में प्रतिज्ञा भङ्ग करने वाले को पूर्वोक्त दण्ड की व्यवस्था करे।
The scriptures asks the virtuous king to make arrangements so that one who fails to full fill his job, assignment or a promise in the society, is punished likewise i.e., the way it has been described in above paragraph.
क्रीत्वा विक्रीय वा किञ्चिद यस्येहानुशयो भवेत्।
सोऽन्तर्दशाहात्तद् द्रव्यं दद्याच्चैवाददीत वा॥8.222॥
सोऽन्तर्दशाहात्तद् द्रव्यं दद्याच्चैवाददीत वा॥8.222॥
यदि किसी को कोई चीज खरीद कर या बेचकर पश्चाताप हो तो वह उस चीज को दस दिन के भीतर सौदागर से वापस ले ले।
If either the buyer of seller has regrets or feels guilty by buying or selling a commodity, the deal may be cancelled within ten days.
The businessman pass on defective goods to the buyers and never take them back or repair them.
परेण तु दशाहस्य न दद्यान्नापि दापयेत्।
आददानो ददत्चैव राज्ञा दण्ड्य: शतानि षट्॥8.223॥
आददानो ददत्चैव राज्ञा दण्ड्य: शतानि षट्॥8.223॥
यदि खरीदने वाला खरीदी हुई चीज को दस दिन के अन्दर न लौटाये और न महाजन बिकी हुई चीज को वापस ले तो राजा उस पर 600 पण दण्ड करे।
One who demand replacement of the goods after 10 days and the seller who refuses to change-substitute, the goods within 10 days; both are liable to be fined 600 coins, if either of them goes to court.
In India its a common practice to pass on inferior, poor quality goods and refusal to change them even if you ask-request them within 10 minutes to take it back. Its printed over over the receipt "No exchange or return." In australia the Mall, shops, big stores never refuse to accept the sold goods by them even if you a bit late.
यस्तु दोषवतीं कन्यामनाख्याय प्रयच्छति।
तस्य कुर्यान्नृपो दण्डं स्वयं षण्णवतिं पणान्॥8.224॥
तस्य कुर्यान्नृपो दण्डं स्वयं षण्णवतिं पणान्॥8.224॥
जो पुरुष दोषवती कन्या का दोष वर को बिना बताये, उसे दान में दे राजा उसको 99 पण का दण्ड करे।
The king shall impose a fine of 99 coins over the father who marries off his daughter without narrating her defects, bad habits, physical mental disability.
In India its a common practice to hide-cover the defects of the marriageable girls. In entire Europe, America, Australia its a common practice to get spoiled before marriage. The girls indulge in sex, drinking and use of narcotics-drugs. Indian girls are not far behind. They are too quick to copy their counter parts. Do not expect a girl to be virgin these days. In Australia its common to produce children without being married. No morals, no shame, no moral turpitude, no guilty feeling-conscious.
Yet there are people in Haryana-India (Jats specially) who do not mind buying girls from Jharkhand or even Bangla Desh for marrying. They do not mind selling them for higher returns. Some times all brothers make sexual relations with the same girl. In some hilly terrain its a common practice for the girls to marry all brothers.
अकन्येति तु यः कन्यां ब्रूयाद् द्वेषेण मानवः।
स शतं प्राप्नुयाद्दण्डं तस्या दोषमदर्शयन्॥8.225॥
स शतं प्राप्नुयाद्दण्डं तस्या दोषमदर्शयन्॥8.225॥
जो कोई द्वेष से कन्या को अकन्या (अर्थात क्षतयोनि कहकर) मिथ्या दोष-आरोप लगावे तो राजा कन्या के दोष पर कुछ विचार न कर दोष लगाने वाले पर 100 पण दण्ड-जुर्माना करे।
The king should impose a penalty of 100 coins over the person who blames a virgin girl to have had sex before marriage, without going into the contempt of the girl.
Its not possible for an ordinary person to prove whether a girl is virgin or not, though the experts or medical examination can prove it within seconds, just by testing urine and physical changes, psychological-behavioural changes in the girl.
पाणिग्रहणिका मन्त्राः कन्यास्वेव प्रतिष्ठिताः।
नाकन्यासु क्वचिन्नॄणां लुप्तधर्मक्रिया हि ताः॥8.226॥
नाकन्यासु क्वचिन्नॄणां लुप्तधर्मक्रिया हि ताः॥8.226॥
विवाह के जितने मन्त्र हैं, वे कन्या के लिये ही कहे गये हैं। अकन्या के लिये नहीं क्योंकि उनका धर्म पहले ही लुप्त हो चुका है।
All the sacred Mantr used to solemnise marriage are meant for the virgins only not for the girls who have lost their virginity before marriage. They have lost their Dharm, the duty to remain pure, pious, untouched, virgin.
Please refer to :: santoshkipathshala.blogspot.com
पाणिग्रहणिका मन्त्रा नियतं दारलक्षणम्।
तेषां निष्ठा तु विज्ञेया विद्वद्भिः सप्तमे पदे॥8.227॥
तेषां निष्ठा तु विज्ञेया विद्वद्भिः सप्तमे पदे॥8.227॥
विवाह के मन्त्र निश्चित रूप से पत्नीत्व के कारण हैं। उन मन्त्रों की निष्ठा कन्या के (सप्तपदी के) सातवें पद में पण्डितों को जानना चाहिये।
The sacred Mantrs certify the marriage tending to convert a girl into a married woman. The loyalty of the woman is described in the text called Sapt Padi (seven steps), by the learned-Pandits, scholars, enlightened, wise man.
यस्मिन्यस्मिन्कृते कार्ये यस्येहानुशयो भवेत्।
तमनेन विधानेन धर्मे पथि निवेशयेत् ॥8.228॥
तमनेन विधानेन धर्मे पथि निवेशयेत् ॥8.228॥
केवल क्रय-विक्रय ही नहीं, दूसरे व्यवहारों में भी जिसका अपनी भूल पर पश्चाताप हो, राजा उसे पूर्वोक्त नियम के अनुसार धर्म मार्ग में स्थापित करे।
Its not only the sale or purchase of goods, but also the commitment of mistake by the woman of any other person, in any other field, area. The king should fix such mistakes and compel the citizens to follow sacred text described in the scriptures.
पशुषु स्वामिनां चैव पालानां च व्यतिक्रमे।
विवादं सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि यथावद्धर्मतत्त्वतः॥8.229॥
विवादं सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि यथावद्धर्मतत्त्वतः॥8.229॥
गाय आदि पशुओं के पालन करने वालों और उनके स्वामियों के बीच किसी प्रकार का व्यतिक्रम होने पर जो विवाद उपस्थित होता है, अब उसकी धर्म की रीति से समीक्षा करते हैं।
Let the rules-laws (Dharm) pertaining to solution-settlement of the transgressions arising between the owners and the herdsmen be discussed.
दिवा वक्तव्यता पाले रात्रौ स्वामिनि तद्गगृहे।
योगक्षेमेऽन्यथा चेत्तु पालो वक्तव्यतामियात्॥8.230॥
योगक्षेमेऽन्यथा चेत्तु पालो वक्तव्यतामियात्॥8.230॥
दिन में पशु चराते हुए अगर पशु को कोई परेशानी हो जाये तो उसकी जिम्मेवारी चरवाहे पर है। शाम को मालिक के बाँध देने पर अगर पशु को कुछ हो जाये हो जाये तो उसकी जबाबदेही मालिक के ऊपर है और यदि पशुधन दिन-रात चरवाहे के ही यहाँ रहे, तो उसका उत्तरदायी वही होता है।
The herdsman will be responsible for any trouble to the cattle during the day. If it occurs once they have handed over to the owner he will be responsible. If the cattle remains with the herdsman throughout day and night, he will be held solely responsible for harm to the herds-animals.
गोपः क्षीरभृतौ यस्तु स दुह्याद्दशतो वराम्।
गोस्वाम्यनुमते भृत्यः सा स्यात्पालेऽभृते भृतिः॥8.231॥
गोस्वाम्यनुमते भृत्यः सा स्यात्पालेऽभृते भृतिः॥8.231॥
यदि गोपाल दूध पर ही नौकरी करना चाहे तो प्रत्येक दस गौवों में जो अच्छी गौ हो, वो उसका दूध स्वामी की आज्ञा से ले ले। वही उसका पारिश्रमिक-वेतन होगा।
If the herdsman wants to to be compensated with milk in stead of salary in cash, he may be allowed to keep the milk of the best cow, from amongest a group of ten cows.
नष्टं विनष्टं कृमिभिः श्वहतं विषमे मृतम्।
हीनं पुरुषकारेण प्रदद्यात्पाल एव तु॥8.232॥
हीनं पुरुषकारेण प्रदद्यात्पाल एव तु॥8.232॥
यदि चरवाहे से कोई पशु खो जाये या कीड़ों के कुत्तों के काटने से नष्ट हो जाये या ऊँचे स्थान से गिरकर मर जाये, तो उस पशु का मूल्य चराने वाले को पशु के मालिक को देना चाहिये।
The herdsman should pay the cost to the owner if the cattle is lost. He should pay if the cattle dies either due to the bite of insects or dogs or dies after falling from a height.
The herdsman is paid for looking after the cattle and their security.
This postulate is applicable to such situations where the children are sent to the creche as well.
Any thing lost in custody has to be paid for. Even the banks are covered under this rule. They can not escape responsibility for the loss suffered by the customers due to their folly, carelessness or even natural disasters since hey are supposed to be covered by insurance.
The hospitals get some documents signed by the patents which absolve the doctors, hospitals, management of all liabilities arising out of loss to the patients. In spite of that they all are liable to compensate the patients of the losses suffered by them.
विघुष्य तु हृतं चौरैर्न पालो दातुमर्हति।
यदि देशे च काले च स्वामिनः स्वस्य शंसति॥8.233॥
यदि देशे च काले च स्वामिनः स्वस्य शंसति॥8.233॥
यदि चोर के पशु चुराने के समय चरवाहा शोरगुल मचाकर मालिक को खबरदार करे तो उसे उस पशु का मूल्य नहीं देना होगा।
The herdsman is not supposed to compensate the owner if he alarms-warns, cations him when the theft of the animal is occurring by shouting of making noises.
कर्णौ चर्म च वालांश्च बस्तिं स्नायुं च रोचनाम्।
पशुषु स्वामिनां दद्यान्मृतेष्वङ्कानि दर्शयेत्॥8.234॥
पशुषु स्वामिनां दद्यान्मृतेष्वङ्कानि दर्शयेत्॥8.234॥
पशुओं के अपने आप मरने पर उनके कान, चमड़े, ऊन, वस्ति, स्नायु और रोचन स्वामियों को दे दे और उनका चिन्ह सींग, खुर आदि भी दिखलावे।
If the animal dies of its own-natural death, the herdsman should hand over the remains to the owner i.e., ears, tail, skin bladders, tendons and the yellow concrete bile and let him show the identifying marks in the form of horns and hoofs.
अजाविके तु संरुद्धे वृकैः पाले त्वनायति।
यां प्रसह्य वृको हन्यात्पाले तत्किल्बिषं भवेत्॥8.235॥
यां प्रसह्य वृको हन्यात्पाले तत्किल्बिषं भवेत्॥8.235॥
यदि भेड़िये भेड़-बकरियों आदि पालित पशुओं को घेर लें और पालक उनको बचाने के लिये नहीं आये, तो भेड़िये जिस भेड़-बकरी को मारें, उसका दोष पशु पालक का होगा।
If the sheep and goats are attacked by the wolves and the herdsman do not come forward to protect them, then the fault for the killing of sheep or goat will be that of the herdsman.
The herdsman is held responsible if he shirks away his responsibility-duty and is liable to be punished.
तासां चेदवरुद्धानां चरन्तीनां मिथो वने।
यामुत्प्लुत्य वृको हन्यान्न पालस्तत्र किल्बिषी॥8.236॥
यामुत्प्लुत्य वृको हन्यान्न पालस्तत्र किल्बिषी॥8.236॥
जब गड़रिया-चरवाहा जँगल में बकरियाँ चरा रहा हो और उस समय यदि भेड़िया अचानक कूदकर किसी भेड़ या बकरी को मार डाले, तो इसमें उसका दोष नहीं माना जायेगा।
The herdsman will not be held guilty-responsible if the wolf suddenly jumps over the sheep or goat and kill it while rearing-grazing in the forest-jungle.
धनुःशतं परीहारो ग्रामस्य स्यात्समन्ततः।
शम्यापातास्त्रयो वाऽपि त्रिगुणो नगरस्य तु॥8.237॥
शम्यापातास्त्रयो वाऽपि त्रिगुणो नगरस्य तु॥8.237॥
गाँव के चारों तरफ़ 100 धनुष (एक धनुष = चार हाथ) अथवा तीन लाठी फेंकने जितनी दूरी तक, जमीन गोचर लिये छोड़ देवे। नगर समीप इसकी तीन गुनी भूमि गोचर लिये रखे।
Around three hundred feet space should be left around the village for the grazing of cows-cattle. This should be around 1,200 feet in the towns.
This yardstick do not work in today's scenario since the villages are urbanised and its not possible to rear cattle in them. The size of cities too has increased drastically. One will not be able to trace cattle, cows sheep, goats grazing in cities like Delhi, Bombay, Calcutta etc.
तत्रापरिवृतं धान्यं विहिंस्युः पशवो यदि।
न तत्र प्रणयेद्दण्डं नृपतिः पशुरक्षिणाम्॥8.238॥
न तत्र प्रणयेद्दण्डं नृपतिः पशुरक्षिणाम्॥8.238॥
यदि खेत का बोया धान-फसल पशु-भेड़ नष्ट करें तो इसके लिये राजा पशु पालकों को को दण्ड दे।
The king should punish the herdsman if the unfenced crops are damaged by the cattle.
वृतिं तत्र प्रकुर्वीत यामुष्ट्रो न विलोकयेत्।
छिद्रं च वारयेत्सर्वं श्वसूकरमुखानुगम्॥8.239॥
छिद्रं च वारयेत्सर्वं श्वसूकरमुखानुगम्॥8.239॥
वहाँ अर्थात गोचर भूमि में खेत की बाढ़ इतनी ऊँची कर दे कि भीतर की फसल-धान आदि को ऊँट न देख सके और उसमें छिद्र न रहने दे ताकि कुत्ते और सूअर का मुँह उसमें न घुस सके।
The land for grazing of herds of cattle, should be fenced-hedged to such an height that the camel is not able to see inside and it should be free from gaps, so that dogs or pig are unable to enter their head inside.
पथि क्षेत्रे परिवृते ग्रामान्तीयेऽथवा पुनः।
स पालः शतदण्डार्हो विपालान्वारयेत्पशून्॥8.240॥
स पालः शतदण्डार्हो विपालान्वारयेत्पशून्॥8.240॥
रास्ते में या गाँव के समीप, पेड़ों से घिरे हुए खेत में चरवाहे को साथ रहते हुए भी पशु धान को नष्ट करे तो राजा उस पशुपालक पर 100 पण दंड करे। यदि चरवाहा साथ में न हो तो खेत का रक्षक पशुओं को खेत में आने से रोके।
If the cattle spoil-damage the crops, near the path or the village accompanied by the herdsman the king should impose a fine of 100 coins over him. In case the herdsman is not there with the cattle the owner of the crops should protect them-drive them away.
The presence of land for grazing helps in cleaning the environment, since the plants provide clean air-oxygen for breathing. Green belts should be compulsory around and within the cities since they protect the environment from pollution. Water from the sewer should be used for irrigating them. It will replenish the ground water table. The parks should have thick plantation in the form of flowers, shrubs, wines etc.
क्षेत्रेष्वन्येषु तु पशुः सपादं पणमर्हति।
सर्वत्र तु सदो देयः क्षेत्रिकस्येति धारणा॥8.241॥
सर्वत्र तु सदो देयः क्षेत्रिकस्येति धारणा॥8.241॥
इसके अतिरिक्त दूसरे खेतों को पशु नष्ट करे तो पशु के स्वामी को सवा पण दण्ड देना चाहिये। यदि पशु सारा खेत नष्ट करे तो नुकसान की पूरी रकम पशु के स्वामी को देनी पड़ेगी। यही न्याय है।
If the cattle-animals destroy-spoil other field-crops, its owner has to be fined one & an quarter Pan. In case the whole crop is lost the owner has to compensate for the entire loss; is the established law.
अनिर्दशाहां गां सूतां वृषान्देवपशूंस्तथा।
सपालान्वा विपालान्वा न दण्ड्यान्मनुरब्रवीत्॥8.242॥
सपालान्वा विपालान्वा न दण्ड्यान्मनुरब्रवीत्॥8.242॥
दस दिन के भीतर व्यायी गौ, वृषभ (साँड और देवताओं के निमित्त रखे हुए पशु) ये सब पालक सहित हों या पालक रहित हों, खेत चरने पर दण्ड के योग्य नहीं है, ऐसा मनु जी न कहा है।
Manu has decreed that the cow who has given birth to a calf, till ten days, the bulls and the animals meant for the sake of the God (not for sacrifice, elephants, horses, bulls for driving chariots in the procession) should be treated leniently.
However, the caretaker should be taken to task for letting them loose. In any case the farmer has to be compensated.
क्षेत्रियस्यात्यये दण्डो भागाद्दशगुणो भवेत्।
ततोऽर्धदण्डो भृत्यानामज्ञानात्क्षेत्रिकस्य तु॥8.243॥
ततोऽर्धदण्डो भृत्यानामज्ञानात्क्षेत्रिकस्य तु॥8.243॥
यदि कृषक की लापरवाही से फसल मारी जाये तो उसमें जितना राजा का भाग मिलता हो, उसका दस गुना किसान से ले। किसान के न जानते हुए नौकरों के दोष से खेत में उपज न हो किसान से पाँच गुना दण्ड ले।
If the produce-harvest is lost due to the carelessness the farmer has to be fined to the tune of ten times king's share as tax. However, if the servants are responsible for negligence the fine should be just five times the tax of king's share.
The king's shares used to be one sixth or one fourth depending upon the state policy or the king's attitude. Whenever the crops failed due to natural causes the king used to come forward to help the farmers. However, the Britishers remained adamant over recovery of Lagan-land revenue during famine and loss of crops due to failure of Monsoon. It resulted in deaths to the tune of 5 crore people in just Bangal what to talk of entire India. Second time epidemic-deceases, plague struck Bangal and again 5 crore were lost due to the blood sucking, ruthless policies of British government.
The curse of Hindus eliminated both Muslim and British rule in India. Both of these are bound to perish sooner or later. The tyrant-unjust, tough ruler and the dynasty perishes due to the curse of the populace; history proves.
एतद्विधानमातिष्ठेद्धार्मिकः पृथिवीपतिः।
स्वामिनां च पशूनां च पालानां च व्यतिक्रमे॥8.244॥
स्वामिनां च पशूनां च पालानां च व्यतिक्रमे॥8.244॥
स्वामी, पशु और पालकों के दोष में धार्मिक राजा को ऊपर कहे नियमों का पालन करना चाहिये।
The virtuous-righteous king should settle the disputes between the owners, their cattle and the herdsmen on the basis of rules discussed above.
सीमां प्रति समुत्पन्ने विवादे ग्रामयोर्द्वयोः।
ज्येष्ठे मासि नयेत्सीमां सुप्रकाशेषु सेतुषु॥8.245॥
ज्येष्ठे मासि नयेत्सीमां सुप्रकाशेषु सेतुषु॥8.245॥
दो गाँवों के बीच में सीमा का झगड़ा होने पर जयेष्ठ मॉस में जब कि सीमा का चिन्ह स्पष्ट दिखाई पड़े,उस समय निर्णय करे।
The disputes arising due to the landmarks, boundaries, demarcations be settled in the month of Jayeshth when the marking are clear.
During summer the land marks are very clear. No crops are there in the fields. All signs fixed as boundaries are seen very clearly.
Disputes arising between farmers pertaining to boundary issues may also be solved on the basis of these rules.
सीमावृक्षांश्च कुर्वीत न्यग्रोधाश्वत्थकिंशुकान्।
शाल्मलीन्सालतालांश्च क्षीरिणश्चैव पादपान्॥8.246॥
शाल्मलीन्सालतालांश्च क्षीरिणश्चैव पादपान्॥8.246॥
वट, पीपल, सेमर, सखुवा, ताल और दूध वाले वृक्ष सीमा के चिन्ह के लिये लगाने चाहिये।
Trees like banyan, Fig-Peeple, Semar-Semal, Sakhuwa, Tad and those which produce syrup-milk like rubber may be grown to fix boundaries.
These trees need less water and care for maintenance. Banyan and Peepal are auspicious so there is no danger of being cut for wood. These trees generally grow too tall and produce shadow-shade during summers. Peeple discharge oxygen in the environment throughout the day & night.
गुल्मान्वेणूंश्च विविधाञ्छमीवल्लीस्थलानि च।
शरान्कुब्जकगुल्मांश्च तथा सीमा न नश्यति॥8.247॥
शरान्कुब्जकगुल्मांश्च तथा सीमा न नश्यति॥8.247॥
सीमा पर गूलर के पेड़, बाँस, विविध भाँति के शमी वृक्ष, लताएँ, उँचे टीले, सरपत और टेढ़े वृक्ष रहें तो सीमा नष्ट होती है।
Presence of trees like Gular, bamboo, various species of Shami, creepers-wines, high moulds, Sarpat-reed and curved trees maintains the boundary.
It will clean the environment and protect it from pollution.
तडागान्युदपानानि वाप्यः प्रस्रवणानि च।
सीमासंधिषु कार्याणि देवतायतनानि च॥8.248॥
सीमासंधिषु कार्याणि देवतायतनानि च॥8.248॥
सीमा के सन्धि स्थान में पोखर, कुँए, बाबली, नहर और देवताओं के मन्दिर बनवाने चाहिये।
The region of the boundary should have ponds-tanks, wells, gauges-deep water wells to allow water to maintain water table, canals and the temples devoted to the deities-demigods.
Water bodies will store water for the lean season and the temple outside the village will maintain serenity for lack of human gathering inside the village. However, temple needs silence during prayers.
My village had at least 5 ponds which stored rain water and maintained the water level through out the year. Now, they have been encroached upon and there is always scarcity of water. This is the scene almost every where in and around Delhi.
उपछन्नानि चान्यानि सीमालिङ्गानि कारयेत्।
सीमाज्ञाने नृणां वीक्ष्य नित्यं लोके विपर्ययम्॥8.249॥
सीमाज्ञाने नृणां वीक्ष्य नित्यं लोके विपर्ययम्॥8.249॥
संसार में लोगों को सीमा के ज्ञान में नित्य भूलते देखकर राजा को चाहिये कि सीमा के अनेक गुप्त चिन्ह करा दे।
The king should fix several secret-hidden marking over the boundaries if the villagers forget the signs of the boundaries.
Some objects are buried and a record of measurements is kept. Chanaky used better methods & techniques for demarcation of land.
अश्मनोऽस्थीनि गोवालांस्तुषान्भस्म कपालिकाः। करीषमिष्टकाऽङ्गारांश्छर्करा वालुकास्तथा॥8.250॥
यानि चैवंप्रकाराणि कालाद्भूमिर्न भक्षयेत्।
तानि संधिषु सीमायामप्रकाशानि कारयेत्॥8.251॥
यानि चैवंप्रकाराणि कालाद्भूमिर्न भक्षयेत्।
तानि संधिषु सीमायामप्रकाशानि कारयेत्॥8.251॥
पत्थर, हड्डी, चामर, भूसी, राख, खोपड़ी, सूखे कंडे, ईंट, कोयले, कंकड और बालू तथा ऐसे ही पदार्थ, जिन्हें पृथ्वी अपने रूप में न मिला सके; उन्हैं गुप्त रीति से गढ़वा दे।
The king should secretly bury objects which do not corrode in long intervals of time at the boundaries of the villages like stones pieces, bones, Yolk's hair, chaff, ashes, potsherds, dry cow dung cakes, bricks, coal-cinders, pebbles and sand etc. to ensure the boundaries later.
एतैर्लिङ्गैर्नयेत्सीमां राजा विवदमानयोः।
पूर्वभुक्त्या च सततमुदकस्यागमेन च॥8.252॥
पूर्वभुक्त्या च सततमुदकस्यागमेन च॥8.252॥
गाँव की सीमा के विषय में परस्पर झगड़ते हुए लोगों का निर्णय, राजा इन उपयुक्त चिन्हों से तथा पहले का दखल, कब्जा और जल के प्रवाह को देखकर सीमा का निश्चय करे।
The king should decide-settle the boundary disputes by considering these confidential signs and the previous possession, control and the flow of water through the villages.
The flowing water-stream may change the course any moment, which may make it difficult to decide the case in the absence of existent buried objects.
यदि संशय एव स्यात्लिङ्गानामपि दर्शने।
साक्षिप्रत्यय एव स्यात्सीमावादविनिर्णयः॥8.253॥
साक्षिप्रत्यय एव स्यात्सीमावादविनिर्णयः॥8.253॥
यदि सीमा के चिन्हों को देखकर संदेह रहे तो गवाह लोगों से प्रमाण लेकर सीमा के विवाद का निपटारा करे।
If the boundary dispute continues-persists even after examining the fixtures of the village limits the king should seek witnesses and settle the issues.
ग्रामीयककुलानां च समक्षं सीम्नि साक्षिणः।
प्रष्टव्याः सीमलिङ्गानि तयोश्चैव विवादिनोः॥8.254॥
प्रष्टव्याः सीमलिङ्गानि तयोश्चैव विवादिनोः॥8.254॥
ग्रामवासियों के सामने राजा साक्षियों से उन दोनों पक्षों के लड़ते-झगड़ते हुए लोगों के ग्राम की सीमा के चिन्ह पूछे।
The king should ask for the identification marks (fixtures, land marks) from the quarrelling sides-two litigants in front of the villagers.
ते पृष्तास्तु यथा ब्रूयुः समस्ताः सीम्नि निश्चयम्।
निबध्नीयात्तथा सीमां सर्वांस्तांश्चैव नामतः॥8.255॥
निबध्नीयात्तथा सीमां सर्वांस्तांश्चैव नामतः॥8.255॥
पूछे जाने पर साक्षी लोग जिस तरह जो सीमा का निश्चय बतायें, राजा उसी तरह सीमा के चित्र और उन साक्षियों के नाम स्मरणार्थ एक पत्र पर लिख ले।
The king should get the drawings-map of the disputed land prepared-updated on the basis of the evidences forwarded by the opposite parties and make a note of the names of the witness for records in future.
शिरोभिस्ते गृहीत्वोर्वीं स्रग्विणो रक्तवाससः।
सुकृतैः शापिताः स्वैः स्वैर्नयेयुस्ते समञ्जसम्॥8.256॥
सुकृतैः शापिताः स्वैः स्वैर्नयेयुस्ते समञ्जसम्॥8.256॥
साक्षी लाल वस्त्र पहन कर, गले में लाल माला डालकर, सिर पर मिटटी रख, अपने-अपने पुण्यों की शपथ-कसम खाकर गवाही दें और राजा उसी के अनुसार निर्णय करे।
The witnesses should wear red cloths, put rosary made of red beads in their neck, keep clay-sand over their heads and take oath-vow, sworn to reveal the truth & the king should decide accordingly.
यथोक्तेन नयन्तस्ते पूयन्ते सत्यसाक्षिणः।
विपरीतं नयन्तस्तु दाप्याः स्युर्द्विशतं दमम्॥8.257॥
विपरीतं नयन्तस्तु दाप्याः स्युर्द्विशतं दमम्॥8.257॥
साक्षी सत्य-सत्य सीमा बतलाने पर निर्दोष होते हैं। परन्तु सीमा विषय में झूँठी गवाही देने वाले को राजा 200 पण दण्ड-जुर्माना करे।
The witness is not guilty, if he reveals the truth; but if he lies, he is liable to pay a fine of 200 Pan.
साक्ष्यभावे तु चत्वारो ग्रामाः सामन्तवासिनः।
सीमाविनिर्णयं कुर्युः प्रयता राजसंनिधौ॥8.258॥
सीमाविनिर्णयं कुर्युः प्रयता राजसंनिधौ॥8.258॥
साक्षियों के अभाव में समीपवर्ती चार गॉंवों के प्रधान राजा के सामने आकर निर्णय लें।
In case sufficient proof is not available, the king should summon the headmen of neighbouring 4 villages and consult them and then decide the issue, then and there, in front of them.
सामन्तानामभावे तु मौलानां सीम्नि साक्षिणाम्।
इमानप्यनुयुञ्जीत पुरुषान्वनगोचरान्॥8.259॥
इमानप्यनुयुञ्जीत पुरुषान्वनगोचरान्॥8.259॥
सामन्तों का अभाव हो तो राजा आगे कहे हुए वन में घूमने वाले, पुरुष जो सीमा का ज्ञान रखते हों, उनसे पूछताछ करे।
In the absence of counsellors i.e., the people who can be relied upon, in coming to the truth, the king should seek information from the people who roam in the jungle and have information about the borders of the villages.
व्याधाञ्छाकुनिकान्गोपान्कैवर्तान्मूलखानकान्।
व्यालग्राहानुञ्छवृत्तीनन्यांश्च वनचारिणः॥8.260॥
व्यालग्राहानुञ्छवृत्तीनन्यांश्च वनचारिणः॥8.260॥
ब्याध, बहेलिये, ग्वाले, मल्लाह, जड़ी-बूटी खोजने वाले, सँपेरे, गिरे हुए दाने चुनकर गुजर करने वाले और जंगल में रहने वाले, इनसे सीमा के विषय में पूछे।
The king may seek relevant information from the hunters, bird catchers-fowlers, herdsmen, boatmen, the people who search-find medicinal herbs in the jungle, foresters-homeless roaming in the jungles, snake charmers and the people who survive-live upon the grains-seeds fallen over the ground; pertaining to the real boundary of the villages.
ते पृष्टास्तु यथा ब्रूयुः सीमासंधिषु लक्षणम्।
तत्तथा स्थापयेद्राजा धर्मेण ग्रामयोर्द्वयोः॥8.261॥
तत्तथा स्थापयेद्राजा धर्मेण ग्रामयोर्द्वयोः॥8.261॥
पूछे जाने पर वे लोग सीमा के विषय में जो चिन्ह बतावें, उन्हीं के अनुसार राजा धर्मपूर्वक दोनों गाँवोँ की सीमा निर्दिष्ट करे।
The king should fix the boundaries of the two disputed villages, relying upon the description given by the above mentioned categories of people, justifying his decision in accordance with the scriptures i.e., Nyay Shastr-Niti.
क्षेत्रकूपतडागानामारामस्य गृहस्य च।
सामन्तप्रत्ययो ज्ञेयः सीमासेतुर्विनिर्णयः॥8.262॥
सामन्तप्रत्ययो ज्ञेयः सीमासेतुर्विनिर्णयः॥8.262॥
खेत, कुँआ, तालाब, मकान, इन सबकी सीमा का विवाद हो तो राजा उस गाँव के रहने वाले गवाहों से पूछकर सीमा का निश्चय करे।
The king should question the villagers if the dispute arises with respect to fields, wells, house-building or the ponds-tanks and take decision in the benefit of all.
सामन्ताश्चेत्मृषा ब्रूयुः सेतौ विवादतां नृणाम्।
सर्वे पृथक्पृथग्दण्ड्या राज्ञा मध्यमसाहसम्॥8.263॥
सर्वे पृथक्पृथग्दण्ड्या राज्ञा मध्यमसाहसम्॥8.263॥
सीमा के लिये झगड़ते हुए पुरुषों के सामन्त गवाह झूठ बोलें तो राजा हर एक को अलग-अलग मध्यम साहस दंड दे।
The king should impose a fine of medium Sahas-coins if the representatives of the litigants gives false testimony, evidence, witness pertaining to boundaries-limits.
गृहं तडागमारामं क्षेत्रं वा भीषया हरन्।
शतानि पञ्च दण्ड्यः स्यादज्ञानाद् द्विशतो दमः॥8.264॥
शतानि पञ्च दण्ड्यः स्यादज्ञानाद् द्विशतो दमः॥8.264॥
जो धन का कर, दूसरे का घर, पोखर, बाग़ और खेत ले ले तो राजा उस पर पाँच सौ पण दण्ड करे और जाने बिना ले तो दो सौ पण दण्ड करे।
The quantum of penalty should be 500 pan if someone snatches the wealth-money, house, pond, orchard of fields knowingly, otherwise if the deal has been made unknowingly the penalty-fine should be 200 Pan.
This will protect the masses from intimidation and the goons will not be able to create lawlessness. If the offence is repeated, the quantum of fine should be doubled and the miscreants should be imprisoned.
सीमायामविषह्यायां स्वयं राजैव धर्मवित्।
प्रदिशेद् भूमिमेतेषामुपकारादिति स्थितिः॥8.265॥
प्रदिशेद् भूमिमेतेषामुपकारादिति स्थितिः॥8.265॥
साक्षी और चिन्हों के अभाव में स्वयं राजा ही दोनों गाँवों के बीच की झगड़े की वजह, उस भूमि को उन लोगों को दे दे जिन्हें देने से उपकार हो, यदि शास्त्र की नीति है।
The scriptures assert that in case proof-evidence and the boundary marks are untraceable, not visible, the king should handover the disputed land to those, who will use it for social welfare-use.
एषोऽखिलेनाभिहितो धर्मः सीमाविनिर्णये।
अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि वाक्पारुष्यविनिर्णयम्॥8.266॥
अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि वाक्पारुष्यविनिर्णयम्॥8.266॥
सीमा के निर्णय में सम्पूर्ण धर्म तुमसे कहा, इसके अनन्तर अब कठोर भाषण के दण्ड का विधान कहते हैं।
Having described the rules-laws pertaining to boundary disputes, now the rules describing defamation (slur, blasphemy, indecent behaviour) manners, etiquette, proper way of talking will be discussed.
शतं ब्राह्मणमाक्रुश्य क्षत्रियो दण्डमर्हति।
वैश्योऽप्यर्धशतं द्वे वा शूद्रस्तु वधमर्हति॥8.267॥
वैश्योऽप्यर्धशतं द्वे वा शूद्रस्तु वधमर्हति॥8.267॥
ब्राह्मण को अपशब्द (चोर, चाण्डाल) कटु वचन (भड़काने वाले) कहने वाले क्षत्रिय को एक सौ पण, वैश्य को 150 पण या 200 पण करे और शूद्र को प्राणदण्ड देना चाहिये।
If a Kshatriy insults a Brahmn (use provocative, derogatory words, remarks, fouls language etc.), he has to be fined 100 Pan, a Vaeshy to be fined with 150-200 coins while a Shudr deserve death-corporal punishment.
The history says that upper castes made their progeny learn etiquette, manners and proper-decent ways of talking. One still remembers that my grand father asked to be respectful, decent with the sweeper. Even the Muslims Nababs of Lukhnow made their children learn manners. Its in the memory of one that the language used by the low caste children used to be foul-abusive, full of contempt, vulgarity.
Maya Vati though a national level leader now, speaks slur, vindictive language against the upper castes, like rogues, due to her low caste. Most of the scheduled caste leaders in India use vulgar foul words against the higher castes and so deserve to be punished. मायावती कहती है, "तिलक-ब्राह्मण, तराजू-बनिया और तलवार-क्षत्रिय, इनको मारो जूते चार"-Beat the Brahmn, Kshatriy and the Vaeshy with 4 shoes. The Muslims always speak against the Hindus and deserve harsh punishment, including death.
However, death sentence is too harsh in this age-times, when death is awarded in rarest of rare cases, but its essential.
Why no actions has been taken against this anti social women reveals the present set of minds of the politicians, who can go to any extreme for votes what to talk of tolerating this woman unworthy of high position in society!?
पञ्चाशद् ब्राह्मणो दण्ड्यः क्षत्रियस्याभिशंसने।
वैश्ये स्यादर्धपञ्चाशत्शूद्रे द्वादशको दमः॥8.268॥
वैश्ये स्यादर्धपञ्चाशत्शूद्रे द्वादशको दमः॥8.268॥
ब्राह्मण क्षत्रिय को कठोर बात कहे तो 50 पण, वैश्य को कहे तो 25 पण और शूद्र को कहे तो 12 पण दण्ड देना चाहिये।
Contempt of Kshatriy is punishable by 50 coins, Vaeshy by 25 coins and the Shudr 12 coins by the Brahmns.
During Kali Yug the society in India is governed by the constitution which has the impact of lower castes over it, which allows the sinners, criminal of gravest offences escape punishment. The Muslims are the worst possible criminals in India and deserve to be tamed.
Ambedkar was a Shudr who converted to Christianity twice and finally settled for Buddhism. He burdened the upper castes with reservations which still continue for the sake of votes. Jawahar Lal was a Muslim.
समवर्णे द्विजातीनां द्वादशैव व्यतिक्रमे।
वादेष्ववचनीयेषु तदेव द्विगुणं भवेत्॥8.269॥
वादेष्ववचनीयेषु तदेव द्विगुणं भवेत्॥8.269॥
ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय और वैश्य, इन तीन वर्णों के सजातियों में यदि परस्पर एक दूसरे को कटु वचन-शब्द कहें तो 12 पण और कुवाच्य-अवाच्य बोलें तो पूर्वोक्त दण्ड का दुगुना दंड देना चाहिये।
The fine for using offensive language-words amongest the upper castes is 12 coins, while for using derogatory-words, contempt, it is double of the earlier fines.
The meaning of freedom in India is that anyone can use foul words against the others. The politicians, the press, media can go to any extreme. A number of defamation cases are either withdrawn or settled out side the court. People like Arvind, Lalu, Mamta, Rahul have no control over their tongue. The TV channels keep on spreading venom-hatred against the Hindus specially Brahmns.
एकजातिर्द्विजातींस्तु वाचा दारुणया क्षिपन्।
जिह्वायाः प्राप्नुयाच्छेदं जघन्यप्रभवो हि सः॥8.270॥
जिह्वायाः प्राप्नुयाच्छेदं जघन्यप्रभवो हि सः॥8.270॥
शूद्र यदि ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय और वैश्य को पापी कहे तो उसे जिव्हाछेदन का दण्ड देना चाहिये, क्योंकि उसकी उत्पति जघन्य स्थान से है।
If a Shudr insults, use foul language, derogatory remarks, contempt against the upper castes, his tongue deserve to be chopped, since he is born in an environment which is gravely polluted.
The opposite is happening these days. The Shudr-Maya Wati a Chamar-cobbler is calling herself a deity and asks the masses to worship her. She insults the masses freely and goes Scot-free. She loots the public and remain unpunished. The constitution had given right to the lower castes, Muslims, criminals to insult, kill anyone and still inhabitable the Parliament.
वर्णक्रम में निषाद ,मल्लेच्छ (मुसलमान और ईसाई)शूद्र से भी नीचे आताे हैं।
नामजातिग्रहं त्वेषामभिद्रोहेण कुर्वतः।
निक्षेप्योऽयोमयः शङ्कुर्ज्वलन्नास्ये दशाङ्गुलः॥8.271॥
निक्षेप्योऽयोमयः शङ्कुर्ज्वलन्नास्ये दशाङ्गुलः॥8.271॥
यदि शूद्र द्रोह से ब्राह्मण आदि द्विजातियों का नाम और जाति ग्रहणपूर्वक बुरी बात कहे तो जलती हुई दस अंगुल की लोह शलाका उसके मुँह में डाल देनी चाहिये।
If Shudr spell the name of the Brahmn & upper castes and speak slur, contemptuously-words with disrespect-contumely; he deserve to be punished by inserting a burning hot red iron rod of ten finger size in his mouth.
Though this is not possible in this age, but in some cases it has been found that this treatment is essential for those Muslims and others who speak such derogatory language-blasphemy against upper castes and Hinduism. It normally leads to riots and spoil law and order situation beyond control which may lead to firing by policemen. This is happening in J&K these days. Several videos are circulating in media which demand this treatment to some politicians (both Hindu & Muslim) and Muslims.
धर्मोपदेशं दर्पेण विप्राणामस्य कुर्वतः।
तप्तमासेचयेत्तैलं वक्त्रे श्रोत्रे च पार्थिवः॥8.272॥
तप्तमासेचयेत्तैलं वक्त्रे श्रोत्रे च पार्थिवः॥8.272॥
यदि शूद्र अंहकार वश किसी ब्राह्मण को धर्म का उपदेश करे तो राजा उसके मुँह और कान खौलता हुआ तेल डलवा दे।
If a Shudr teaches-advise undesirable-unnecessary duties arrogantly, do's and do not's to the upper castes, he deserve to be poured boiling oil in his mouth and ears.
It had been observed that some teachers belonging to Shudr communities insulted upper castes in the class and the Shudr officers do insult upper castes in the office, spoil their annual Character Roles. They sexually exploit women employees as well from the upper castes. All such cases deserve sever punishment. The language spoken by Maya, Khadge, Jignesh, Chandr Shekhar (Ajad) and the fellowmen too is unpardonable.
The low origin, low caste people are intoxicated by the power they get unduly and misuse it.
The scheduled castes & Muslims like Obessi wilfully knowingly deliver such speeches, lectures which are aimed at provocating higher castes and Hindus. This practice has to be curbed by becoming tough with them.
श्रुतं देशं च जातिं च कर्म शरीरमेव च।
वितथेन ब्रुवन्दर्पाद्दाप्यः स्याद् द्विशतं दमम्॥8.273॥
वितथेन ब्रुवन्दर्पाद्दाप्यः स्याद् द्विशतं दमम्॥8.273॥
यदि कोई किसी को अंहकार से यह दोष दे कि तुम इस देश में उत्पन्न नहीं हो, तुम्हारे यज्ञोपवीतादि संस्कार नहीं हुए हैं, तो कहने वाले को दो सौ पण दण्ड देना चाहिये।
The person who, due to arrogance-intoxication, pride makes false accusations that, "You are not born in this country and your religious ceremonies like Yagyopavit-sacred thread-Janeu have not been performed," he has to fined with 200 coins.
काणं वाप्यथवा खञ्जमन्यं वाऽपि तथाविधम्।
तथ्येनापि ब्रुवन्दाप्यो दण्डं कार्षापणावरम्॥8.274॥
तथ्येनापि ब्रुवन्दाप्यो दण्डं कार्षापणावरम्॥8.274॥
जो वास्तव में काना या लंगड़ा या लूला है, उसे सत्य ही कोई वैसा कहे तो भी चिढ़ाने वाले को, कम से कम एक कार्षापण दण्ड देना चाहिये।
If a person who in reality lame, blind of an eye or without legs is called by such words (teased, annoyed, irritated) the king should impose a fine one Karashapan over him.
Such issues are settled at the village level council-Panchayat. In fact such issues never reach a court these days.
मातरं पितरं जायां भ्रातरं तनयं गुरुम्।
आक्षारयञ्छतं दाप्यः पन्थानं चाददद् गुरोः॥8.275॥
आक्षारयञ्छतं दाप्यः पन्थानं चाददद् गुरोः॥8.275॥
जो माता, पिता, पत्नी, भाई, बेटे और गुरु को पातक लगाकर निंदा करे या गुरु को आते देख मार्ग से न हटे उसे एक सौ पण दण्ड देना चाहिये।
One who defame his mother, father, wife, brother, son or teacher and do not give way-set aside, to his preceptor (Elders, Guru, teacher) is liable to be fined one hundred Pan.
False accusation is always bad and it should be condemned. Rahul of Congress, Obessi, Mahbooba and Arvind Kejriwal are well known for false accusations and deserve to be condemned-rejected by the society completely.
ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियाभ्यां तु दण्डः कार्यो विजानता।
ब्राह्मणे साहसः पूर्वः क्षत्रिये त्वेव मध्यमः॥8.276॥
ब्राह्मणे साहसः पूर्वः क्षत्रिये त्वेव मध्यमः॥8.276॥
यदि ब्राह्मण-क्षत्रिय आपस में पापी आदि कहकर गाली दें तो नीतिज्ञ राजा ब्राह्मण को प्रथम साहस और क्षत्रिय को मध्यम साहस दण्ड करे।
If a Brahmn and Kshatriy call sinner to one another, the Brahmn has to be fined one Sahas and the Kshatriy has to pay Madhyam Sahas as fine for this lack of mannerism.
In fact these are the things of past when the kings used to be virtuous. With the advent of Muslims in India culture, manners, morals took back seat. Muslims are well knows for using insulting-foul language and insulting Hindus even in free India, where Hindus do not have a right to survive even after partition.The Muslims should be tamed & dealt with firmly and expelled out of the country.
विट्शूद्रयोरेवमेव स्वजातिं प्रति तत्त्वतः।
छेदवर्जं प्रणयनं दण्डस्यैति विनिश्चयः॥8.277॥
छेदवर्जं प्रणयनं दण्डस्यैति विनिश्चयः॥8.277॥
वैश्य और शूद्र भी इस प्रकर आपस में गाली दें तो पूर्वोक्त दण्ड की व्यवस्था करे अर्थात वैश्य शूद्र को गाली दे तो उसे प्रथम साहस और शूद्र वैश्य को गाली दे तो उसे मध्यम साहस का दण्ड दे। ऐसे अवसर पर शूद्र की जीभ न काटना यही दण्ड का निश्चय है।
The scriptures do not allow the cutting of tongue of the Shudr for abusing a Vaeshy. The Vaeshy and a Shudr must be punished exactly in the same manner according to their respective castes i.e, if the Vaeshy uses foul language he has to be fined first Sahas and the Shudr will have to pay a fine of medium Sahas.
These regulations clearly mention the maintenance of the dignity of the society and high standards of moral, values, ethics, cultural standards, virtues unlike the parliamentarians in India who use worst kind of words inside and out side the parliament. They lack education and etiquette. At least half of them are dreaded criminals. One can easily asses-understand the rule of law & justice, when the criminals are framing laws.
एष दण्डविधिः प्रोक्तो वाक्पारुष्यस्य तत्त्वतः।
अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि दण्डपारुष्य निर्णयम्॥8.278॥
अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि दण्डपारुष्य निर्णयम्॥8.278॥
यह कठोर वचन की दण्ड विधि तत्वतः कही गयी है। अब इसके बाद ताड़न आदि दण्ड पारुप्य का विधान कहते हैं।
Having discussed-described the method of punishment for using undignified words-foul language, let the punishment for assault-attacking others be discussed-described.
येन केनचिदङ्गेन हिंस्याच्चेत्श्रेष्ठमन्त्यजः।
छेत्तव्यं तत्तदेवास्य तन्मनोरनुशासनम्॥8.279॥
छेत्तव्यं तत्तदेवास्य तन्मनोरनुशासनम्॥8.279॥
अन्त्यज अपने जिस अङ्ग से द्विज को मारे, उसका वही अङ्ग काटना चाहिये, यह मनु जी की आज्ञा है।
Manu has doctrined that the limb with which a Shudr strikes, attacks, hurts the upper castes must be severed-cut.
The illiterate, ignorant, imprudent is just like an animal and should be treated in a language that he understands.
पाणिमुद्यम्य दण्डं वा पाणिच्छेदनमर्हति।
पादेन प्रहरन्कोपात्पादच्छेदनमर्हति॥8.280॥
पादेन प्रहरन्कोपात्पादच्छेदनमर्हति॥8.280॥
यदि द्विज को मारने के लिये हाथ उठाया हो या लट्ठ ताना हो तो उसका हाथ काट लेना चाहिये और क्रोध से ब्राह्मण को लात मरे तो उसका पैर काट डालना चाहिये।
If one raises his hand to beat or raises a stick to attack, thrash a upper caste his hand should be chopped off-cut and if he strikes with leg his leg should be cut.
Indian penal code is too lenient over punishment it does not allow hanging even if one has committed hundreds of murders through terrorist attacks. Its the main reason Muslims are becoming bolder & bolder day by day. Islam is synonym to terrorism.A Muslim takes oath-vows in the form of Namaz 5 times a day to eliminate all others who do not follow Islam.
Indian penal code is heavily loaded in favour of the Muslims and turn out to be anti Hindu, be it education, religious practices or the temples.
सहासनमभिप्रेप्सुरुत्कृष्टस्यापकृष्टजः।
कट्यां कृताङ्को निर्वास्यः स्फिचं वास्यावकर्तयेत्॥8.281॥
कट्यां कृताङ्को निर्वास्यः स्फिचं वास्यावकर्तयेत्॥8.281॥
जो नीच वर्ण, ब्राह्मणादि वर्ण के साथ आसन पर बैठने चाहे, तो राजा उसकी कमर में चिन्ह करके देश से निकलवा दे अथवा उसके चूतड़ का माँस उतरवा ले।
If a degraded, sinner, evil natured want to occupy the seat of the upper caste or sit with them, he should be expelled from the country after making a mark over his waist or else flesh from his hips should be cut.
This is brandishing. The punishment prescribed in Sharia-Muslim religious rule book are even more harsh. However, these punishments are irrelevant-impractical these days, since everyone is craving for service-primary trait of a Shudr and better emoluments-payments & is willing to do anti religious acts beyond limits. Trickery, cheating, defrauding has become a part of management training.
अवनिष्ठीवतो दर्पाद् द्वावोष्ठौ छेदयेन्नृपः।
अवमूत्रयतो मेढ्रमवशर्धयतो गुदम्॥8.282॥
अवमूत्रयतो मेढ्रमवशर्धयतो गुदम्॥8.282॥
राजा, ब्राह्मण के ऊपर गर्व से थूकने वाले शूद्र के दोनों होंठ, पेशाब करने वाले का लिंग और अधोवायु करने वाले का मलद्वार-गुदा कटवा दे।
If a Shudr spits over the Brahmn or the king under intoxication-arrogance his lips should be cut off, if he urinate over them, his pennies should be chopped and his anus should be cut if he dare pass gas over the them.
These are directive principles so that no one dare act in undesirable manner due to fear of punishments. Fear of law is essential to discipline the citizens.
केशेषु गृह्णतो हस्तौ छेदयेदविचारयन्।
पादयोर्दाढिकायां च ग्रीवायां वृषणेषु च॥8.283॥
पादयोर्दाढिकायां च ग्रीवायां वृषणेषु च॥8.283॥
जो शूद्र अविचार पूर्वक ब्राह्मण के केश, पैर, दाढ़ी, गर्दन या अंडकोष पकड़े, राजा उसे बिना विचार किये दोनों हाथ कटवा दे।
The king should order the cutting of both hands of the Shudr if he catches-holds the hair, legs, beard, neck or scrotum of a Brahmn unreasonably or without logic, without making any consideration.
It is too harsh a punishment in present times, but an arrogant Shudr intoxicated by acquisition of wealth or high office in this age too, become out of control i.e., mad, insane and do all sorts of undesirable acts. They do not mind speaking against the highest person in chair or judiciary.
In present day politics, they not only insult the upper castes but also pass derogatory remarks publicly, cross all limits which makes it essential to tame-control them and that is not possible unless-until exemplary punishment if given to the guilty.
त्वग्भेदकः शतं दण्ड्यो लोहितस्य च दर्शकः।
मांसभेत्ता तु षट्निष्कान्प्रवास्यस्त्वस्थिभेदकः॥8.284॥
मांसभेत्ता तु षट्निष्कान्प्रवास्यस्त्वस्थिभेदकः॥8.284॥
जो अपने ही स्वजातीय का चमड़ा छील डाले या लहू निकाल दे तो उसे 100 पण दण्ड देना चाहिये। माँसच्छेदन करने वाले को 6 निष्क दण्ड दे और हड्डी तोड़ने वाले को देश से निकल दे।
One who removes the skin or scratches it should be fined 100 Pan. If the flesh is cut off, the fine should be raised to 6 Nishk. If the bones are broken the guilty should be expelled from the country.
वनस्पतीनां सर्वेषामुपभोगं यथा यथा।
तथा तथा दमः कार्यो हिंसायामिति धारणा॥8.285॥
तथा तथा दमः कार्यो हिंसायामिति धारणा॥8.285॥
वृक्षों के फल-फूल और पत्तों का जैसा उपभोग हो, उसे नष्ट करने वाले को उसी के अनुसार दण्ड देना चाहिये।
The penalty for destroying-cutting, plucking flowers, fruits, leaves should be levied according to its use-utility.
The scriptures do not allow indiscriminate cutting of trees, forests, jungles since they control the climatic conditions and pollution side by side.
During the present age deforestation is spreading like an evil in America, Australia including India. Its side effects are clearly visible in China, India, France etc. where pollution is crossing all limits.
मनुष्याणां पशूनां च दुःखाय प्रहृते सति।
यथा यथा महद् दुःखं दण्डं कुर्यात्तथा तथा॥8.286॥
यथा यथा महद् दुःखं दण्डं कुर्यात्तथा तथा॥8.286॥
मनुष्य और पशुओं को दुःख देने के लिये प्रहार करने पर उन्हें जितना कष्ट हो, प्रहार करता को उतना ही अधिक दण्ड करे।
The punishment should be in proportion to the pain, torture afflicted-caused upon the human or the animals.
It clearly means that if an animal or a human being is killed or tortured the person performing this act has to be killed. Its very-very clear here that those who advocate eating meat do deserve ultimate punishment i.e., death. The Muslims like Dr. Zakir should be hanged for misleading, misguiding Hindus and the Muslims alike. The government should introduce death penalty for cow slaughter in the constitution.
अङ्गावपीडनायां च व्रणशोणितयोस्तथा।
समुत्थानव्ययं दाप्यः सर्वदण्डमथापि वा॥8.287॥
समुत्थानव्ययं दाप्यः सर्वदण्डमथापि वा॥8.287॥
अंगों में चोट लगने या रुधिर बहने के कारण अधिक पीड़ा होने पर राजा उसके औषध और पथ्य का कुल खर्च मारने वाले से दिलावे और न देने पर उसे पूरा दण्ड दे।
The king-judge should force the person who has caused injury to one leading to wound or flow of blood to compensate for the medicines, treatment overheads & other expenditures. In case the guilty refuses to carry out the orders, he should be punished otherwise i.e., imprisonment and subjected to rigorous labour.
द्रव्याणि हिंस्याद्यो यस्य ज्ञानतोऽज्ञानतोऽपि वा।
स तस्योत्पादयेत्तुष्टिं राज्ञे दद्याच्च तत्समम्॥8.288॥
स तस्योत्पादयेत्तुष्टिं राज्ञे दद्याच्च तत्समम्॥8.288॥
जो कोई किसी के द्रव्य आदि को जानबूझ कर या भूलकर नष्ट कर दे तो वह उसको (जिसका नुकसान, धन नष्ट हुआ है) उसके बदले में दूसरी वस्तु देकर संतुष्ट करे और वस्तु के मूल्य के बराबर दंड राजकोष में जमा करे।
One who has knowingly or unknowingly (intentionally or unintentionally) caused loss to a person, should replace the good or compensate for the loss and deposit an amount equal to the cost of the good in the government treasury.
चर्मचार्मिकभाण्डेषु काष्ठलोष्टमयेषु च।
मूल्यात्पञ्चगुणो दण्डः पुष्पमूलफलेषु च॥8.289॥
मूल्यात्पञ्चगुणो दण्डः पुष्पमूलफलेषु च॥8.289॥
चमड़े, चमड़े के पात्र, लकड़ी और मिट्टी के बर्तन नष्ट करने पर उसके मूल्य का पाँच गुना दंड राजा को दे। यही दण्ड फल, पुष्प, मूल नष्ट करने पर लागु होता है।
The culprit-guilty should pay a five times the cost of leather, leather pots-vessels, wood & earthen pots by him, in addition to compensating the victim. Same rule-fine is applicable to damage-destroying fruits, flowers and the roots of plants, trees etc.
यानस्य चैव यातुश्च यानस्वामिन एव च।
दशातिवर्तनान्याहुः शेषे दण्डो विधीयते॥8.290॥
दशातिवर्तनान्याहुः शेषे दण्डो विधीयते॥8.290॥
रथ, सारथी और रथस्वामी के उपयुक्त दस अपराधों को छोड़ और दस अपराधों में दंड का विधान किया गया है।
In cases pertaining to chariot, the driver and the owner of the chariot are exempted from ten offences in similar cases of damages as discussed in above postulate. However, another-next ten offences may not be exempted.
छिन्ननास्ये भग्नयुगे तिर्यक्प्रतिमुखागते।
अक्षभङ्गे च यानस्य चक्रभङ्गे तथैव च॥8.291॥
छेदने चैव यन्त्राणां योक्त्ररश्म्योस्तथैव च।
आक्रन्दे चाप्यपैहीति न दण्डं मनुरब्रवीत्॥8.292॥
अक्षभङ्गे च यानस्य चक्रभङ्गे तथैव च॥8.291॥
छेदने चैव यन्त्राणां योक्त्ररश्म्योस्तथैव च।
आक्रन्दे चाप्यपैहीति न दण्डं मनुरब्रवीत्॥8.292॥
बैल की नाथ कट जाने, जुआ टूटने, गाड़ी अपने पथ से बाहर होने, धुरी या पहिया टूटने, चमड़े का बन्धन, बैलों के गले की रस्सी और रास टूटने पर सारथी, यदि चिल्लाकर लोगों को हट जाने के लिए सावधान कर दे, तो दुर्घटना होने पर सारथि दण्ड का भागी नहीं हो सकता।
The driver can not be fined-punished in case he shouts and warns the public-road users, in case the nose-string of the oxen is snapped, the yoke is broken, the carriage turns-turtles sideways or back, the axle or a wheel is broken, the leather-thongs, the rope around the neck or the bridle are broken, the cart or chariot have goes off the road; in case of an accident.
This rule is applicable in present day context-accidents as well. However, rash, arrogant, in disciplined, drunk, unlicensed drivers have to be dealt, other vise. In India the traffic police is extremely corrupt. Over loaded vehicles are allowed in no entry zones as well. Errant driver having high connections are let loose.
यत्रापवर्तते युग्यं वैगुण्यात्प्राजकस्य तु।
तत्र स्वामीभवेद्दण्ड्यो हिंसायां द्विशतं दमम्॥8.293॥
तत्र स्वामीभवेद्दण्ड्यो हिंसायां द्विशतं दमम्॥8.293॥
जहाँ गाड़ी हाँकने वाले के दोष से गाड़ी रास्ते से अलग हो जाये और कोई दुर्घटना हो जाये तो वहाँ उसके स्वामी को 200 पण दण्ड देना चाहिये।
If the vehicle looses tract-road causing accident the owner of it, has to fined 200 Pan.
In India and else where, the accidentals are caused due to carelessness, fatigue, sleep, impact of drugs, narcotics, alcohol over the driver. The driver these days, keep himself busy with the mobile phone as well. He should remain silent during driving and avoid useless, undesirable conversation. He should not be irritated or insulted, at least while driving. Accidents are caused due to faulty breaks and lack of servicing, proper tuning of the vehicle as well. In India the roads are not good and grossly congested. They lack maintenance. In such cases the fine-punishment is not justified. The driver should be extra careful over defective roads. Instead of fine, the owner deserve compensation.
प्राजकश्चेद्भवेदाप्तः प्राजको दण्डमर्हति।
युग्यस्थाः प्राजकेऽनाप्ते सर्वे दण्ड्याः शतं शतम्॥8.294॥
युग्यस्थाः प्राजकेऽनाप्ते सर्वे दण्ड्याः शतं शतम्॥8.294॥
यदि गाड़ी हाँकने वाला होशियार मगर लापरवाह हो तो दुर्घटना होने पर उसी को 200 पण का दण्ड देना होगा। सारथि अयोग्य होने पर कोई अनिष्ट हो तो गाड़ी के सब लोगों को 100-100 पण दंड देना होगा।
If the driver is licensed-skilful (but negligent), he alone shall be fined at the rate of 200 Pan; if the driver is unskilled and some fetal, serious accident occurs, takes place, all the occupants-passengers of the carriage shall pay a fine of 100 Pan each.
One should never board a vehicle if the driver is intoxicated, inebriated-under the influence of alcohol or narcotics, untrained & experienced.
स चेत्तु पथि संरुद्धः पशुभिर्वा रथेन वा।
प्रमापयेत्प्राणभृतस्तत्र दण्डोऽविचारितः॥8.295॥
प्रमापयेत्प्राणभृतस्तत्र दण्डोऽविचारितः॥8.295॥
यदि गौ आदि पशुओं से या दूसरे रथ से रास्ता रुद्ध हो और सारथि अपने रथ को न रोके और उससे प्राणी की हिंसा हो जाये तो बिना विचार किये ही उसे दण्ड देना चाहिये।
In case the road is blocked-traffic is jammed by the animals or other vehicles and the driver does not halt his vehicle, causing death, he should be punished without leniency, consideration, concession.
Traffic jams are too frequent in Metro cities in India. Even the highways are not free from traffic jams caused due to carelessness, mismanagement by traffic police. The policemen in the cites are busy in making money instead of controlling traffic. In such cases the policemen are real culprits; they deserve to be removed from the job. Generally, all vehicles are covered by insurance and the compensation is awarded by a panel, which take unduly long time. The policemen fail to provide medical aid to the victims, causing death. The TV personal keep on making live telecast instead of helping victims. General public is afraid of helping the victims, since the policemen may drag them to court unnecessarily, wasting their time and money. The policemen harass the witnesses as well. There are the policemen who keep-loot the belonging of the victims and never return them.
Its not strange, the roads and even the air strip may have stray animals like dogs.
India's roads have cows sitting over over main busy roads.
Pedestrians & the drivers do not care for the traffic signals.
मनुष्यमारणे क्षिप्तं चौरवत्किल्बिषं भवेत्।
प्राणभृत्सु महत्स्वर्धं गोगजोष्ट्रहयादिषु॥8.296॥
प्राणभृत्सु महत्स्वर्धं गोगजोष्ट्रहयादिषु॥8.296॥
यदि गाड़ी हाँकने वाले की असावधानी से कोई मनुष्य दबकर मर जाये तो गाड़ीवान को चोर का पाप लगता है। गाय, बैल, हाथी, ऊँट और घोड़े आदि बड़े पशुओं के मरने पर उसका आधा पाप होता है।
If someone dies due to the carelessness of the driver, the driver is sinned like a thief and has to be punished accordingly. If an animal like cow, ox, elephant, camel or horse dies in the accident, the sin is half of that of killing a man and the fine is reduced subsequently-accordingly.
These days people are killed knowingly, wilfully to pass off-camouflage murder as death in road accident death. Therefore, in case of suspicion the case should be handled carefully, cautiously.
क्षुद्रकाणां पशूनां तु हिंसायां द्विशतो दमः।
पञ्चाशत्तु भवेद्दण्डः शुभेषु मृगपक्षिषु॥8.297॥
पञ्चाशत्तु भवेद्दण्डः शुभेषु मृगपक्षिषु॥8.297॥
छोटे पशुओं की हिंसा होने पर उसका दो सौ पण और श्रेष्ठ हिरण तथा सुग्गा, मैना आदि पक्षियों के मरने पर 50 पण दण्ड देना चाहिये।
In case of the death of small animals (like goat of sheep) the fine should be 200 Pan in addition to the cost of the animal & compensation. If excellent, rare breed animals, deer, parrot, cannery dies the fine should be 50 Pan in addition to cost and compensation.
गदर्भाजाविकानां तु दण्डः स्यात्पञ्चमाषिकः।
माषिकस्तु भवेद्दण्डः श्वसूकरनिपातने॥8.298॥
माषिकस्तु भवेद्दण्डः श्वसूकरनिपातने॥8.298॥
गधे, बकरे, भेड़ आदि के मरने पर पाँच माशे भर चाँदी और धान, शूकर के मारने पर एक माशा चाँदी का दण्ड देना होगा।
For donkeys, sheep and goats the fine shall be five mashas of silver and paddy-rice & the fine-punishment for killing a pig shall be one masha of silver. And of course, the price of the animal has to be paid to the owner as compensation.
भार्या पुत्रश्च दासश्च प्रेष्यो भ्रात्रा च सोदरः।
प्राप्तापराधास्ताड्याः स्यू रज्ज्वा वेणुदलेन वा॥8.299॥
प्राप्तापराधास्ताड्याः स्यू रज्ज्वा वेणुदलेन वा॥8.299॥
पत्नी, पुत्र, नौकर-दास, शिष्य और सगे भाई, ये लोग यदि कोई अपराध करें तो रस्सी या बाँस की पतली छड़ी से ताड़ना देनी चाहिये।
The wife, son, slave, pupil and the real brother shall be beaten-thrashed with a fine rope or a fine bamboo stick if they offend, commit some grave mistake-fault, crime.
It becomes essential to punish when they become disobedient or argumentative. Their conduct-character shall also be observed carefully and they deserve to be punished if they do not correct themselves.
Tulsidas too has said, "ढोल, गँवार, शूद्र, पशु और नारी, ये सब ताड़न के अधिकारी"। Its essential to keep them under control-tuned. Here Shudr stands for servants, paid workers, slaves. Achary Chanky too supported this.
Please refer to bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com & santoshsuvichar.blogspot.com
with respect to women-स्त्री, नारी।
पृष्ठतस्तु शरीरस्य नोत्तमाङ्गे कथञ्चन।
अतोऽन्यथा तु प्रहरन्प्राप्तः स्याच्चौरकिल्बिषम्॥8.300॥
अतोऽन्यथा तु प्रहरन्प्राप्तः स्याच्चौरकिल्बिषम्॥8.300॥
पीठ पर प्रहार करे, सर पर कभी प्रहार न करे। नियम विरुद्ध प्रहार करने वाला चोरी के अपराध का दंड पाता है।
One should never strike them over sensitive organs-Head and always avoid the head. The strike should be over the back. In case the strike is against this rule the doer is punishable for the offence of theft.
The punishment should never be harsh. They may be rebuked-reprimanded for their undue behaviour, acts, working as and when essential. The intention is improvement in behaviour not in harming. The house hold should show his affection thereafter and resort to counselling side by side. In case they nurse a grudge against one who punishes them, they may became dangerous, violent and revengeful and it generally happens in real life.
एषोऽखिलेनाभिहितो दण्डपारुष्यनिर्णयः।
स्तेनस्यातः प्रवक्ष्यामि विधिं दण्डविनिर्णये॥8.301॥
स्तेनस्यातः प्रवक्ष्यामि विधिं दण्डविनिर्णये॥8.301॥
यह कठोर दण्ड का सम्पूर्ण विधान कहा। अब चोर की दण्डविधि कहते हैं।
Having discussed the rules & regulations for tough punishment, rules for punishment to the thieves be described-have been described.
परमं यत्नमातिष्ठेत्स्तेनानां निग्रहे नृपः।
स्तेनानां निग्रहादस्य यशो राष्ट्रं च वर्धते॥8.302॥
स्तेनानां निग्रहादस्य यशो राष्ट्रं च वर्धते॥8.302॥
चोरों को कैद करने में राजा को बड़ा प्रयत्न करना चाहिये। चोरों का निग्रह करने से राजा का यश और राज्य बढ़ता है।
The king-police should make special efforts to catch the thieves-culprit. Suppression of thieves enhances-boosts the prestige of the king and the boundaries of the kingdom.
In India its quite common to grant bail to even the dreaded criminals, who jump the bail soon thereafter & make its toughest job to arrest them again. The media make public trials and sometimes innocents are subjected to rigorous imprisonment due to this ugly practice.
अभयस्य हि यो दाता स पूज्यः सततं नृपः।
सन्न हि वर्धते तस्य सदैवाभयदक्षिणम्॥8.303॥
सन्न हि वर्धते तस्य सदैवाभयदक्षिणम्॥8.303॥
जो राजा अपनी प्रजा को अभयदान देता है, वह सदा पूजित होता है; क्योंकि उसका यह अभय दक्षिणा वाला यज्ञ सदा बढ़ता है।
The prestige-honour of the king who guarantees safety-protection of his subjects-populace always flourish.
The blessings of the masses and specially the Brahmn protect him as well, in return.
सर्वतो धर्मषड्भागो राज्ञो भवति रक्षतः।
अधर्मादपि षड्भागो भवत्यस्य ह्यरक्षतः॥8.304॥
अधर्मादपि षड्भागो भवत्यस्य ह्यरक्षतः॥8.304॥
प्रजा के जान-माल और धर्म की रक्षा करने वाले राजा को प्रजा के धर्म का छटा भाग प्राप्त होता है। वैसे ही रक्षा न करने पर उसे प्रजाओं के अधर्म का छटा भाग प्राप्त होता है।
A king who duly protects his subjects-populace receives one sixth of their merits-spiritual earnings (pious deeds) and like wise he earns one sixth of their sins if he fails to protect them.
यदधीते यद्यजते यद्ददाति यदर्चति।
तस्य षड्भागभाग्राजा सम्यग्भवति रक्षणात्॥8.305॥
तस्य षड्भागभाग्राजा सम्यग्भवति रक्षणात्॥8.305॥
जो राजा सम्यक प्रकार से प्रजा का पालन करता है, वह उनके स्वाध्याय-शास्त्रों के पढ़ने, यज्ञ, दान देने और देवताओं के पूजने के धर्म का छटा भगा पाता है।
The king who thoroughly-solemnly protects his subjects is entitled to on sixth of their earnings of the virtues, when they resort to study of Shastr-self study, performing Yagy-holy sacrifices in the fire, donations-charity and the worship of deities.
रक्षन्धर्मेण भूतानि राजा वध्यांश्च घातयन्।
यजतेऽहरहर्यज्ञैः सहस्रशतदक्षिणैः॥8.306॥
यजतेऽहरहर्यज्ञैः सहस्रशतदक्षिणैः॥8.306॥
धर्म से प्राणियों की रक्षा करके और दण्डनीय दुष्टों को दण्ड देकर राजा नित्य एक लाख दक्षिणा वाले यज्ञ का फल पाता है।
Having protected his subjects and punishing the wicked & the evil, the king earns the credit of donating one Lakh gold coins to the priests performing the Yagy.
योऽरक्षन्बलिमादत्ते करं शुल्कं च पार्थिवः।
प्रतिभागं च दण्डे च स सद्यो नरकं व्रजेत्॥8.307॥
प्रतिभागं च दण्डे च स सद्यो नरकं व्रजेत्॥8.307॥
जो राजा प्रजा की रक्षा न करके, उनसे खेती का छ्टा भाग कर, शुल्क और चुँगी आदि लेता है, वह शीघ्र ही नरकगामी होता है।
The king who collects one sixth of the crop produce, taxes-duties and entry fee-toll from the farmers, but do not provide protection to the farmers, soon goes to hells.
The Muslims, the British and the Marathas lost their empire in India since they collected all sorts of taxes, levies and looted the public in stead of providing them protection. These rulers are resting in hells, now. The present governments and its ministers will meet the the same fate in due course.
अरक्षितारं राजानं बलिषड्भागहारिणम्।
तमाहुः सर्वलोकस्य समग्रमलहारकम्॥8.308॥
तमाहुः सर्वलोकस्य समग्रमलहारकम्॥8.308॥
प्रजा की रक्षा न करने वाले और उनसे बराबर कर लेने वाले राजा को महर्षिगण सब लोगों के सम्पूर्ण पापों का भागी कहते हैं।
Those rulers who collect taxes but fail to provide protection to public suffer from the sins of the public, as doctrined by the Maharishis-sages & saints.
The public faces turmoil in such conditions and do all sots of criminal acts for subsistence-survival.
The public is facing grim situation due to the Chinese Virus. Millions of people are sick and thousands have died. In China alone 3 million people have died. America will soon become number one in deaths from Chinese Virus. Indian government headed by Modi is doing well, but lapses after lapses come in sight. People like Kejriwal are creating hindrances. He first supported Shaheen Bagh and is now found standing with the Nizamuddin Tablighi Jamaat-a Muslim sect known for producing-creating human bombs. Tablighi Jamaat invited people from all over the world, who had contracted Chines Virus-Corona under tourist Visa. Now, thousands of Indians have acquired this deadly Virus.[02.04.2020]
अनपेक्षितमर्यादं नास्तिकं विप्रलुंपकम्।
अरक्षितारमत्तारं नृपं विद्यादधोगतिम्॥8.309॥
अरक्षितारमत्तारं नृपं विद्यादधोगतिम्॥8.309॥
निर्दिष्ट मर्यादा को न मानने वाला नास्तिक, वृथा दण्डादि देकर धन लेने वला, रक्षा न करके प्रजाओं का अंश खाने वाला राजा अधोगामी होता है।
The king who do not abide himself by ethics, traditions & is an atheist, imposed undue-unreasonable taxes and do not serve the people and forces the public to give its share to him, faces hells.
The successive regimes including the present one, is imposing unreasonable taxes and spends most of it, over its own salaries, perks, luxuries in addition to making money through corrupt practices; is bound to vanish and the leaders are sure to get hells, may she be Maya, Mamata, Sonia, Jai Lalita, Shashi Kala, Lalu, Mulayam,.. the list is very long. Over all, they need a united front in Hells as well. Siddharamaeya, Yadurappa or Kumar Swami Dev Gouda all are extremely corrupt, wicked. Shiv Raj Singh Chauhan too is unclean.
अधार्मिकं त्रिभिर्न्यायैर्निगृह्णीयात्प्रयत्नतः।
निरोधनेन बन्धेन विविधेन वधेन च॥8.310॥
निरोधनेन बन्धेन विविधेन वधेन च॥8.310॥
राजा तीन उपायों से अधार्मिकों का निग्रह करे, उन्हें कारागार में बंद करके, हथकड़ी-बेड़ी डालकर या विविध प्रकर का दण्ड देकर।
The king should control the wicked through three means, by putting them in the jail, by chaining or putting fetters over their body-hands and legs or through several other means like corporal punishments.
निग्रहेण हि पापानां साधूनां सङ्ग्रहेण च।
द्विजातय इवैज्याभिः पूयन्ते सततं नृपाः॥8.311॥
द्विजातय इवैज्याभिः पूयन्ते सततं नृपाः॥8.311॥
जैसे द्विज यज्ञों के करने से पवित्र होते हैं, वैसे राजा पापियों को दण्ड देने साधुओं की रक्षा करने से सदा पवित्र होते हैं।
The king remain pure-pious by punishing the wicked, vicious, evil and protecting the sages, saints, just like the Brahmns who purify them selves by performing Yagy.
क्षन्तव्यं प्रभुणा नित्यं क्षिपतां कार्यिणां नृणाम्।
बालवृद्धातुराणां च कुर्वता हितमात्मनः॥8.312॥
बालवृद्धातुराणां च कुर्वता हितमात्मनः॥8.312॥
अपनी भलाई चाहने वाला राजा, कार्यार्थी, बालक, वृद्ध और रोगी के द्वारा होने वाली निंदा को क्षमा करता जाये।
The king who seek his welfare should reject the criticism-inveigh against him by the job seekers-unemployed, children, aged-old-fragile and the sick.
The criticism should be taken in healthy spirit and one should try to understand his weaknesses and try to reform himself or correct his mistakes-folly.
A person who is habitual in speaking untrue, using derogatory language-slur, spreading lies-rumours, false baseless propaganda deserve to be punished severely. People like Arvind Kejriwal, congress leader like Dig Vijay Singh, Mani Shankar Ayyar, Rahul deserve to be put in jail.
यः क्षिप्तो मर्षयत्यार्तैस्तेन स्वर्गे महीयते।
यस्त्वैश्वर्यान्न क्षमते नरकं तेन गच्छति॥8.313॥
यस्त्वैश्वर्यान्न क्षमते नरकं तेन गच्छति॥8.313॥
आर्त मनुष्यों के किये आक्षेप को जो राजा सहता है, वह स्वर्ग में पूजित होता है और जो ऐश्वर्य के घमण्ड में फूलकर नहीं सहता, वह नर्क में जाता है।
The king who tolerate the slur, blame, accusations made by a person deeply hurt or in anguish is honoured in the heaven and the one who do not tolerate this under the impact of wealth, comforts goes to the hells.
The imprudent-duffer may consider avoidance of such remarks-accusation as the weakness of the ruler. So, he should show his might as and when required.
राजा स्तेनेन गन्तव्यो मुक्तकेशेन धावता।
आचक्षाणेन तत्स्तेयमेवं कर्मास्मि शाधि माम्॥8.314॥
स्कन्धेनादाय मुसलं लगुडं वाऽपि खादिरम्।
शक्तिं चोभयतस्तीक्ष्णामायसं दण्डमेव वा॥8.315॥
आचक्षाणेन तत्स्तेयमेवं कर्मास्मि शाधि माम्॥8.314॥
स्कन्धेनादाय मुसलं लगुडं वाऽपि खादिरम्।
शक्तिं चोभयतस्तीक्ष्णामायसं दण्डमेव वा॥8.315॥
चोर की चोटी खोलकर, कंधे पर मूसल या ख़ैर की लाठी या दोनों ओर तीखी नोकवाली बरछी या लोहे का डंडा रखकर दौड़ते हुए राजा के पास जाकर कहने को मज़बूर किया जाये कि मैने चोरी की है, मुझे उचित दंड दीजिये।
A thief should be made-forced to run & approach the king, with flying hair lock, keeping wooden or iron pestle (weighing around 100 kg or slightly less) or a stick, rod or staff made of Khaer wood, over his shoulders or swords with sharp edge over both sides and confess that he had committed the theft.
शासनाद्वा विमोक्षाद्वा स्तेनः स्तेयाद्विमुच्यते।
अशासित्वा तु तं राजा स्तेनस्याप्नोति किल्बिषम्॥8.316॥
अशासित्वा तु तं राजा स्तेनस्याप्नोति किल्बिषम्॥8.316॥
राजा से दण्डित होने या मुक्त होने पर चोर चोरी के पाप से मुक्त हो जाता है। यदि राजा चोर का शासन-ताड़ण, दण्डित न करे तो चोर का पाप उसके सर चढ़ता है।
After being punished or pardoned by the king, the thief is relieved from the sin of having committed theft. If the king fails to control thefts, the sin of the thieves overpowers him leading him to hell.
What if the king himself steals the wealth of nation like the present day, politicians-MLA's, counsellors, MP's, ministers the prime minister and the president as well!? Maha Nand misappropriated with the treasure. Muslims rulers after Aurangzeb used to steal from the treasury and used to transfer wealth to some undisclosed destination like Maha Nand. The fact remains that they have to reside in the hells in proportion to their crime.
अन्नादे भ्रूणहा मार्ष्टि पत्यौ भार्यापचारिणी।
गुरौ शिष्यश्च याज्यश्च स्तेनो राजनि किल्बिषम्॥8.317॥
गुरौ शिष्यश्च याज्यश्च स्तेनो राजनि किल्बिषम्॥8.317॥
गर्भपात करने वाले का पाप उसका अन्न खाने वाले को, व्यभिचारिणी स्त्री का पाप उसके पति को, शिष्य का पाप उसके गुरु को, यजमान का पाप पुरोहित को और चोर का पाप राजा को लगता है।
The sin of carrying out abortion goes to the one who eats the food of one who did that, the sin of an adulterous wife goes to her husband, the sin of the disciple goes to the Guru, the sin of the host performing religious ceremonies goes to the priest and the sins of the thieves overpower the king, if any of these is negligent in performing his duties prescribed by the scriptures.
The doctors these days are engaged in abortions whether legal or illegal for money. This leads to sin on the part of the doctor and the couple simultaneously. The scriptures forbid one to accept food from a doctor.
Most of the doctors and owners of hospitals are sure to reside in the multiple hells for millions of years.
राजभिः कृतदण्डास्तु कृत्वा पापानि मानवाः।
निर्मलाः स्वर्गमायान्ति सन्तः सुकृतिनो यथा॥8.318॥
निर्मलाः स्वर्गमायान्ति सन्तः सुकृतिनो यथा॥8.318॥
पापी मनुष्य राजा से दण्ड पाने पर साधु-धर्मात्माओं की तरह पवित्र होकर स्वर्ग जाते हैं।
Having suffered by the punishment awarded by the king the sinner is freed from the guilt and may acquire higher abodes if his pious, virtuous deeds are remaining.
The blot of being a criminal remains over him and he is generally discarded by the masses. But the trend is reversing in Kali Yug. The most corrupt, guilty, corrupt has become shameless and the public too do not shame them being rich, mighty and wealthy. In fact the public is ignorant in spite of spreading awakening. Moral, ethics, culture have taken back seat.
Sanjay Dutt, Salman Khan, Lalu are shameless degraded people.
The media has influenced the common man to such an extent that he is unable to think rationally. The prudence seems to have lost. The school curriculum-syllabus has no place for morality, ethics, values, virtues.
यस्तु रज्जुं घटं कूपाद्द्हरेद् भिन्द्याच्च यः प्रपाम्।
स दण्डं प्राप्नुयान्माषं तच्च तस्मिन्समाहरेत्॥8.319॥
स दण्डं प्राप्नुयान्माषं तच्च तस्मिन्समाहरेत्॥8.319॥
जो कुँए से रस्सी या राहियों के पानी पीने का पात्र-घड़ा चुराता है या प्याऊ नष्ट करता है, राजा उसे एक मासा सोना दण्ड करे और उस वस्तु या उस जैसे ही दूसरी वस्तु वहाँ रखवाये।
One who steals the rope or the water-pot from a well or damages the built up, well or hut of the Pyau-place, for serving free water to the passersby, shall pay one Masha of gold as fine and restore or replace the articles abstracted or damaged by him.
In India its a common practice that the junk dealers take away water taps, installation from water serving points and even toilets, who are generally from Muslim community. This is done in early morning. The police do not catch them and they remain unpunished unrepentant. Some times the policeman himself remove the installations like bulbs, water taps, storage tanks and even doors.
इस्लाम हैवानियत का पर्याय है।
धान्यं दशभ्यः कुम्भेभ्यो हरतोऽभ्यधिकं वधः।
शेषेऽप्येकादशगुणं दाप्यस्तस्य च तद्धनम्॥8.320॥
शेषेऽप्येकादशगुणं दाप्यस्तस्य च तद्धनम्॥8.320॥
दस कुम्भ (दो सौ पल का एक द्रोण और बीस द्रोण का एक कुम्भ) धान्य से अधिक चुराने वाले को प्राण वध का दण्ड देना चाहिये और इससे कम चुराने पर जितना चुराये, उसका ग्यारह गुना राजा दण्ड दे और धान वाले को धान वापस कर दे।
One who steals more than ten Kumbh of grain corporal punishment shall be inflicted upon him otherwise-else the thief shall be fined eleven times as much and shall return the food grain to the owner.
There are people who steal the standing crops and some times fire-torch it to harm the owner farmer-peasant to take revenge. Such cases should be dealt with swear punishment.
तथा धरिममेयानां शतादभ्यधिके वधः।
सुवर्णरजतादीनामुत्तमानां च वाससाम्॥8.321॥
सुवर्णरजतादीनामुत्तमानां च वाससाम्॥8.321॥
सोना-चाँदी आदि की ठीक तौल न करने वाले, उत्तम वस्त्र और 100 से अधिक पशु चुराने वाले को राजा प्राण दण्ड दे।
The king should give death penalty to the person who weighs less or steal gold & silver, costly cloths bearing gold, silver of diamonds studded over them or the thief who take away more than 100 cattle.
Weighing less is quite common in India. Big jewellers pass on jewellery filled with sealing wax and charge the price of gold from the customers. Almost all car companies calibrate the meters to show higher mileage. Petty grosser, vegetable vendors are also not far behind and remain unpunished. They attach magnets below the weighing pans.
One who is a repeat offender deserve to be either isolated from the society or subjected to hard labour.
पञ्चाशतस्त्वभ्यधिके हस्तच्छेदनमिष्यते।
शेषे त्वेकादशगुणं मूल्याद्दण्डं प्रकल्पयेत्॥8.322॥
शेषे त्वेकादशगुणं मूल्याद्दण्डं प्रकल्पयेत्॥8.322॥
गिनती में एक से पचास तक चुराने पर मूल्य का ग्यारह गुना दण्ड करे और 50 से 100 तक अपहरण करने पर राजा हाथ काट लेने का दण्ड दे।
One who steals goods varying between one to fifty, the offender should be fined up to 11 times the cost of the goods and if the number of goods stolen is between 51 to 100 offender's hands should be chopped off.
Only harsh-tough punishments help in controlling crime.
Car thieves, mobile-purse snatchers are left over bail as soon as they are caught. They must be kept in the prison till they breath their last being subjected to harsh labour.
पुरुषाणां कुलीनानां नारीणां च विशेषतः।
मुख्यानां चैव रत्नानां हरणे वधमर्हति॥8.323॥
मुख्यानां चैव रत्नानां हरणे वधमर्हति॥8.323॥
कुलीन पुरुषों को विशेषकर कुलीन स्त्रियों को और बहुमूल्य रत्नों को चुराने वाले को प्राणदण्ड देना चाहिये।
If the offender belong to a royal family-specially the women and the one who steals precious jems, should be subjected to death sentence (capital punishment).
There are millions of people who mislead or abduct girls & women and push them in flesh trade or sell them. Most of these girls & women die when their organs are removed for transplantation. These people are worst than the rapist and deserve to be hanged till death.Any one who seek their bail or advocate them, plead for mercy-like Mulayam Singh Yadav & political criminals should also meet the same fate.
महापशूनां हरणे शस्त्राणामौषधस्य च।
कालमासाद्य कार्यं च दण्डं राजा प्रकल्पयेत्॥8.324॥
कालमासाद्य कार्यं च दण्डं राजा प्रकल्पयेत्॥8.324॥
श्रेष्ठ पशु (हाथी, घोड़े, गाय, बैल आदि) शस्त्र और दवाई, इनको चुराने पर समय और कार्य को देखकर राजा दण्ड की व्यवस्था करे।
The quantum of punishment has to be decided by the king by assessing the time & purpose if the theft of superior-pious animals, weapons and medicines has been made.
Theft of weapons and elephant or horses during war is a grave crime. Theft of medicines is even more criminal-sinister, when the patent is about to die.
India along with the whole world is facing acute crisis due to Chines-CORONA Virus. Public is facing lock down, curfew and all sorts of difficulties and the black marketers have a hay day. They are charging double and triple prices for food and essential goods. They all deserve to be sent to jail forever.[05.04.2020]
गोषु ब्राह्मणसंस्थासु छुरिकायाश्च भेदने।
पशूनां हरणे चैव सद्यः कार्योऽर्धपादिकः॥8.325॥
पशूनां हरणे चैव सद्यः कार्योऽर्धपादिकः॥8.325॥
ब्राह्मण की गौवों को चुराने, बंध्या गाय के नाथने और पशुओं के चुराने पर राजा तुरन्त चोर का आधा पाँव कटवा दे।
The king should order the cutting of half leg of the thief for stealing Brahman's cows, piercing the nostrils of a barren cow and for stealing other cattle.
This rule should be applicable to all thieves who are repeat offenders.
सूत्रं कार्पासकिण्वानां गोमयस्य गुडस्य च।
दध्नः क्षीरस्य तक्रस्य पानीयस्य तृणस्य च॥8.326॥
दध्नः क्षीरस्य तक्रस्य पानीयस्य तृणस्य च॥8.326॥
वेणुवैदलभाण्डानां लवणानां तथैव च।
मृन्मयानां च हरणे मृदो भस्मन एव च॥8.327॥
मृन्मयानां च हरणे मृदो भस्मन एव च॥8.327॥
मत्स्यानां पक्षिणां चैव तैलस्य च घृतस्य च।
मांसस्य मधुनश्चैव यच्चान्यत्पशुसंभवम्॥8.328॥
मांसस्य मधुनश्चैव यच्चान्यत्पशुसंभवम्॥8.328॥
अन्येषां चैवमादीनां मद्यानामोदनस्य च।
पक्वान्नानां च सर्वेषां तन्मुल्याद् द्विगुणो दमः॥8.329॥
पक्वान्नानां च सर्वेषां तन्मुल्याद् द्विगुणो दमः॥8.329॥
सूत, कपास, शराब, बनाने की द्रव्य सामग्री, गोबर, गुड़, दही, दूध, छाँछ, पानी, तृण, बाँस की टोकरी आदि, नमक, मिट्टी के बर्तन, मिट्टी, राख, मछली, चिड़िया, तेल, घी, माँस, मधु-शहद, पशु के चमड़े, सींग आदि, मद्य, भात, पक्वान और ऐसी ही अन्य साधारण वस्तुओं को चुराने पर उनके मूल्य को दुगुना दण्ड चाहिये।
A fine double the value of ordinary articles like thread, cotton, ingredients for making wine, dung, jaggery, curd, butter milk-dilute curd after extracting butter, water or straw-grass, bamboo basket-cane, salt, earthen vessels, clay-earth, ashes, fish, birds, oil, Ghee-clarified butter, meat, honey and leather, horns, of cattle etc., wine-spirituous liquor, boiled rice and every kind of cooked food, should be levied.
In case he fails to deposit the fine, he should be made to work till his fine has been repaid.
पुष्पेषु हरिते धान्ये गुल्मवल्लीनगेषु च।
अन्येष्वपरिपूतेषु दण्डः स्यात्पञ्चकृष्णलः॥8.330॥
अन्येष्वपरिपूतेषु दण्डः स्यात्पञ्चकृष्णलः॥8.330॥
फूल-पुष्प, खेत के हरे धान, गुल्म, लता, पेड़ और पुरुष के ढोने योग्य अन्य वस्तु चुराने पर पाँच कृष्णल दंड करना चाहिये।
Fine for stealing flowers, green paddy from the field, shrubs, creepers-wine and the tree or any other commodity which can be carried by the thief on his back or head has to be five Krashnal.
There are people who do not mind plucking flowers while passing by from the small garden maintained by the house owner. There are others who pluck flowers for offering to the God-deities, demigods. Anyway, its stealing since the house owner is maintaining the small patch of flowers to beautify his surroundings and to offer these flowers to God as and when there is prayer conducted by him.
परिपूतेषु धान्येषु शाकमूलफलेषु च।
निरन्वये शतं दण्डः सान्वयेऽर्धशतं दमः॥8.331॥
निरन्वये शतं दण्डः सान्वयेऽर्धशतं दमः॥8.331॥
परिपूत धान्य, साग, मूल और फल चुराने वाला यदि अपने वंश का हो तो एक सौ पण और सम्बन्धी हो तो 50 पण दण्ड देना चाहिये।
The quantum of penalty-fine should be 100 Pan if the thief belongs to own clan and 50 Pan if he is a relative for stealing husked grain, vegetables, roots and fruit.
स्यात्साहसं त्वन्वयवत्प्रसभं कर्म यत्कृतम्। निरन्वयं भवेत्स्तेयं हृत्वाऽपव्ययते च यत्॥8.332॥
स्वामी के समक्ष बलपूर्वक कोई चीज लेने को दुस्साहस कहते हैं और स्वामी के परोक्ष में कोई चीज लेना या लेकर छिपाकर रखना चोरी कहलाता है।
Snatching of goods forcefully or violently in front of their owner is termed as dacoity-robbery and hiding or using goods in the absence of the master is called theft and deserve to punished accordingly.
यस्त्वेतान्युपक्लृप्तानि द्रव्याणि स्तेनयेन्नरः।
तमाद्यं दण्डयेद्राजा यश्चाग्निं चोरयेद् गृहात्॥8.333॥
तमाद्यं दण्डयेद्राजा यश्चाग्निं चोरयेद् गृहात्॥8.333॥
मनुष्य किसी के व्यवहारोपयुक्त सूत्र आदि वस्तु अपने काम के लिये चुरावे या घर से हवन करने की आग चराकर ले जाये तो राजा उसे प्रथम श्रेणी का दण्ड दे।
The king should grant first category of punishment (lowest) for stealing goods ready to be used by one or the fire prepared for performing Yagy, Hawan, Agnihotr.
In this case intention of the culprit too matters. If the act is done to cause hindrance, obstacle, harm the quantum of punishment may be raised.
येन येन यथाङ्गेन स्तेनो नृषु विचेष्टते।
तत्तदेव हरेत्तस्य प्रत्यादेशाय पार्थिवः॥8.334॥
तत्तदेव हरेत्तस्य प्रत्यादेशाय पार्थिवः॥8.334॥
जिस-जिस अंग से जैसे-जैसे चोर दूसरे की वस्तु को चुराने की चेष्टा करे, राजा उसके उस-उस अंग को कटवा डाले, जिससे वह फिर चोरी न कर सके।
The king should subject that limb-organ of the thief to amputation, which has been deployed by him in the theft-stealing goods, so that he is not able to commit theft again.
The car thieves of today have to be subjected to cutting of legs and hands.Same treatment should be applicable to mobile & laptop thieves.
पिताऽऽचार्यः सुहृन्माता भार्या पुत्रः पुरोहितः।
नादण्ड्यो नाम राज्ञोऽस्ति यः स्वधर्मे न तिष्ठति॥8.335॥
नादण्ड्यो नाम राज्ञोऽस्ति यः स्वधर्मे न तिष्ठति॥8.335॥
माँ, बाप, आचार्य, स्त्री, पुत्र, मित्र और पुरोहित, ये लोग भी यदि अपने अपने धर्म में न रहें तो राजा उन्हें भी दण्ड दिए बिना न छोड़े।
If mother, father, teacher, wife, son, friend or the priest do not abide by their Dharm-duties, they too should be subjected to punishment.
Large population in India resort to producing large number of children and consider them as bi products. Such people should be tamed. two children norms should be applicable to every one. Consecutive governments in India & Australia are producing large army of people who do not want to discharge their responsibility towards children. They solely depend upon the doles from the government. Sooner or later this will weaken the nation beyond repair.
कार्षापणं भवेद्दण्ड्यो यत्रान्यः प्राकृतो जनः।
तत्र राजा भवेद्दण्ड्यः सहस्रमिति धारणा॥8.336॥
तत्र राजा भवेद्दण्ड्यः सहस्रमिति धारणा॥8.336॥
जिस अपराध में साधारण मनुष्य को एक कार्षापण दण्ड होता है, उस अपराध में राजा को एक हजार पण दण्ड होना चाहिये, यह शास्त्र का सिद्धान्त है।
राजा अपने-स्वयं के ऊपर किये गए दण्ड की राशि ब्राह्मणों को अर्पित करे या वरुण देव के लिये जल में प्रवाहित-अर्पण करे।
The scriptures have doctrined-opined that the punishment for the king should be 1,000 Pan for the offence, for which a common man is fined one Karshapan-coin.
It clearly shows that the scriptures & Manu Samrati are not lenient to those who enjoy high status, position, prestige in the society. On the other hand, the quantum is punishment is much higher.
Manu Smrati places the Justice and rule of law above the king. When the king used to pay tax to the central authority i.e, Samrat, emperor, Chakravarti Maha Raj, he was punished by the highest authority. His position used to be that of the governor of state.
The king should distribute the money of the self imposed-inflicted fine amongest the Brahmns or he may immerse it in the water bodies like Ganga, Man Sarovar, Pushkar etc.
अष्टापाद्यं तु शूद्रस्य स्तेये भवति किल्बिषम्।
षोडशैव तु वैश्यस्य द्वात्रिंशत्क्षत्रियस्य च॥8.337॥
ब्राह्मणस्य चतुःषष्टिः पूर्णं वाऽपि शतं भवेत्।
द्विगुणा वा चतुःषष्टिस्तद्दोषगुणविद्धि सः॥8.338॥
षोडशैव तु वैश्यस्य द्वात्रिंशत्क्षत्रियस्य च॥8.337॥
ब्राह्मणस्य चतुःषष्टिः पूर्णं वाऽपि शतं भवेत्।
द्विगुणा वा चतुःषष्टिस्तद्दोषगुणविद्धि सः॥8.338॥
चोरी के गुण-दोष को जानने वाला शूद्र चोरी करे तो उसे चोरी के माल का आठ गुणा क्षत्रिय को बत्तीस गुना और ब्राह्मण को चौंसठ गुना या एक सौ अट्ठाइस गुणा दण्ड देना चाहिये।
If the thief is aware of sin he has committed, he deserve to be punished with a fine of 8 times the cost of the stolen goods if he is a Shudr, the Vaeshy has to to pay a fine 16 times the values of it, the Kshatriy 32 times and the Brahmn 64 or 128 the cost of the articles.
The so called Dalits, oppressed, tortured, depressed-suppressed Shudr should feel relaxed since the penalties are in growing order of caste structure or the status recommended by Manu Samrati.
वानस्पत्यं मूलफलं दार्वग्न्यर्थं तथैव च।
तृणं च गोभ्यो ग्रासार्थमस्तेयं मनुरब्रवीत्॥8.339॥
तृणं च गोभ्यो ग्रासार्थमस्तेयं मनुरब्रवीत्॥8.339॥
वन के फल-फूल, होम के लिये सूखी लकड़ी और गौओं के खिलाने के लिये जंगल, गोचर भूमि से तृण लाना-इकट्ठा करना, चोरी नहीं है, यह मनु ने कहा है।
Manu has doctrined-opined that collection of dry wood for Yagy-Hawan, fruits, flowers, straw for the cows from the jungles is not theft-guilt.
योऽदत्तादायिनो हस्तात्लिप्सेत ब्राह्मणो धनम्।
याजनाध्यापनेनापि यथा स्तेनस्तथैव सः॥8.340॥
याजनाध्यापनेनापि यथा स्तेनस्तथैव सः॥8.340॥
जो ब्राह्मण से यज्ञ कराकर या पढ़वाकर भी चोर के हाथ से धन लेने की इच्छा करे वह भी चोर के बराबर है।
One desirous of seeking money from the thief even after performing a Yagy conducted by the Brahmns or learning from the Brahmns is a just like a thief.
One who do not pay to the Brahmn for conducting prayers, Yagy, Hawan or teaching his progeny or medical advice-cure, knowing his future through astrology or Palmistry is just like a thief who deserve punishment.
द्विजोऽध्वगः क्षीणवृत्तिर्द्वाविक्षूद्वे च मूलके।
आददानः परक्षेत्रान्नं दण्डं दातुमर्हति॥8.341॥
आददानः परक्षेत्रान्नं दण्डं दातुमर्हति॥8.341॥
राह चलते हुए ब्राह्मण के पास खाने को कुछ न हो और वह किसी के खेत से दो गन्ने या मूली ले ले, तो इसके लिए उसे दण्ड नहीं दिया जा सकता।
If a Brahmn on his way-travelling, has nothing to eat and is hungry; do not invite punishment if he eats two sugar canes or two reddish from the neighbouring fields.
The farmer-owner of the crops-fields becomes entitled for the donations to the Brahmn and may be rewarded immediately or in the next future-births.
असंदितानां संदाता संदितानां च मोक्षकः।
दासाश्वरथहर्ता च प्राप्तः स्याच्चौरकिल्बिषम्॥8.342॥
दासाश्वरथहर्ता च प्राप्तः स्याच्चौरकिल्बिषम्॥8.342॥
जो दूसरे के पाले हुए घोड़े आदि पशुओं को बाँध ले और बँधे हुए पशुओं को खोल दे या दूसरे के नौकर, घोड़े और रथ को हरण कर ले, तो उसे चोर के समान दण्ड देवे।
One who ties up the horses and cattle etc. grown by others or open the tied animals or abduct the servants, horses and chariot, deserve punishment just like the thieves.
अनेन विधिना राजा कुर्वाणः स्तेननिग्रहम्।
यशोऽस्मिन्प्राप्नुयात्लोके प्रेत्य चानुत्तमं सुखम्॥8.343॥
यशोऽस्मिन्प्राप्नुयात्लोके प्रेत्य चानुत्तमं सुखम्॥8.343॥
जो राजा इस प्रकार चोरों को दण्ड देता है, वह इस लोक में यश और परलोक में परम सुख पाता है।
The king who restrains the thieves and punishes them, gets name & fame in this world and attains comforts in next births.
The successive governments (judges, magistrates) which had been evading-delaying punishments to the guilty. Anyone, who heads the government, too attract-invite punishments in current and the next births, including stay in hells.
ऐन्द्रं स्थानमभिप्रेप्सुर्यशश्चाक्षयमव्ययम्।
नोपेक्षेत क्षणमपि राजा साहसिकं नरम्॥8.344॥
नोपेक्षेत क्षणमपि राजा साहसिकं नरम्॥8.344॥
जो राजा इन्द्रपद पाने का अभिलाषी हो और सदा अचल विमल यश पाना चाहे वह क्षणमात्र भी दुःसाहसी-अपराधी को दण्ड देने में उपेक्षा न करे।
The king who is desirous of attaining the status as Indr-the king of heaven, shall not waste, even a single second in punishing-controlling the out laws, criminal and the violent.
Indr is a unit of time and the post of the king of heaven. Thus, who want himself to be recorded in history as a mighty, virtuous king should deal firmly with the culprits, whether they are close to him or are his relatives, friends, loved ones.
In India the judges takes undue long periods of time to decide a case which ensures their birth in hells. No case should be allowed to prolong beyond two to three hearings. The virtuous, intelligent, prudent, wise judge should decide the case then and there.
Justice delayed means justice denied.
वाग्दुष्टात्तस्कराच्चैव दण्डेनैव च हिंसतः।
साहसस्य नरः कर्ता विज्ञेयः पापकृत्तमः॥8.345॥
साहसस्य नरः कर्ता विज्ञेयः पापकृत्तमः॥8.345॥
दुष्ट वचन बोलने वाले, चोर और लाठी से मारपीट करने वाले मनुष्य से भी दुःसाहस करने वाला मनुष्य कहीं बड़ा अपराधी है।
The offence of one who is daring, attacker, invader, intruder is most grave-serious as compared to a thief or the one who use foul language, insults others.
The Muslims & the Europeans, traitors, invaders who looted India deserve swear punishment.
साहसे वर्तमानं तु यो मर्षयति पार्थिवः।
स विनाशं व्रजत्याशु विद्वेषं चाधिगच्छति॥8.346॥
स विनाशं व्रजत्याशु विद्वेषं चाधिगच्छति॥8.346॥
जो राजा दुःसाहस करने वालों को क्षमा करता है, वह शीघ्र विनाश को प्राप्त होता है और सभी लोग उससे शत्रुता करने लग जाते हैं।
The king who pardons-ignores the criminals faces down fall at an earlier date and people, public, citizens become his enemy.
Prathvi Raj Chauhan pardoned Mohammad Ghouri and faced the consequences.
न मित्रधारणाद्राजा विपुलाद्वा धनागमात्। समुत्सृजेत्साहसिकान्सर्वभूतभयावहान् ॥8.347॥
राजा मित्र की धारणा से या प्रचुर धन के लाभ से सब प्राणियों को भयभीत करने वाले साहसिक को न छोड़े।
The king must not pardon the guilty-offender who tortures the masses, even if he is friendly with him or there is a chance of huge-great financial gain.
Indian Parliament, assemblies and municipalities are full of criminals due to this reason only. Almost all political parties give tickets to dreaded criminals, murders, dacoits for money. Maya Wati gave tickets to those who offered her maximum money. As a girl she could not afford a neck cloth worth rupees five and now she adorns her neck with necklace worth 5-10 crore. She used to live in a Jhuggi-Jhonpri cluster-JJ colony in Indr Puri, New Delhi & now she has palatial houses.
शस्त्रं द्विजातिभिर्ग्राह्यं धर्मो यत्रोपरुध्यते।
द्विजातीनां च वर्णानां विप्लवे कालकारिते॥8.348॥
आत्मनश्च परित्राणे दक्षिणानां च सङ्गरे।
स्त्रीविप्राभ्युपपत्तौ च घ्नन्धर्मेण न दुष्यति॥8.349॥
द्विजातीनां च वर्णानां विप्लवे कालकारिते॥8.348॥
आत्मनश्च परित्राणे दक्षिणानां च सङ्गरे।
स्त्रीविप्राभ्युपपत्तौ च घ्नन्धर्मेण न दुष्यति॥8.349॥
धन, गौ आदि की रक्षा के लिये युद्ध करने का प्रसंग हो, उसी प्रकार जब स्त्रियों और ब्राह्मणों की रक्षा के लिये आवश्यक हो तब द्विजातियों को शस्त्र ग्रहण करना चाहिये, ऐसे समय धर्म की रक्षा करने के लिये हिंसा करने में कोई दोष नहीं है।
The upper caste should raise arms when its essential in war, to protect wealth, cows (cattle), women or the Brahmans. In such a condition killing of guilty-defaulters is not a crime-sin.
This rule is applicable for the protection of the country as well.
In free India, the so called oppressed-Dalits have made it a point to insult, torture the upper castes protected by sinister laws. Not only they instigate the upper castes but also, they snatch their rights as well. This is a very grave situation which may become uncontrollable-violent any time, if the government do not restrain them. The media favour, provoke the so called weaker sections of the society and never show the injuries inflicted over the upper castes by them and the Muslims. The pseudo seculars, communists, congress and Bahu Jan Samaj party use them as a tool. It may lead to civil war (ग्रह युद्ध) in future.
गुरुं वा बालवृद्धौ वा ब्राह्मणं वा बहुश्रुतम्।
आततायिनमायान्तं हन्यादेवाविचारयन्॥8.350॥
आततायिनमायान्तं हन्यादेवाविचारयन्॥8.350॥
गुरु, बालक, वृद्ध या बहुत शस्त्रों का जानने वाला ब्राह्मण भी आततायी होकर मारने के लिये आये, तो उसे बेखटके मार डालें।
One must kill-slay without hesitation if a Guru, child, old man or a Brahmn who has learnt many scriptures come to kill-murder.
Bhagwan Shri Ram did not hesitate in killing Ravan who was a Brahmn by birth and one of the most learned man on earth with the knowledge of all scriptures including Ved and astrology. Achary Dron was killed by Dhrasht Dhyumn due to this reason only. Dev Raj too killed Vrata Sur a Brahmn by birth. Pandavs were sinned on this account as well. They all had to undergo penances for this act. Ashwatthama was pardoned by Dropadi being the son of Guru and a Brahmn. However, being Ajar & Amar & an incarnation of Bhagwan Shiv he could not be killed. He killed Dropadi's sons over the orders of Bhagwan Shiv but he crossed the limits and targeted the Brahmastr over Abhimanyu's son in the womb.
Bhagwan Ram had to kill a person-a Shudr committing sins in a attire of an ascetic, desirous of heavens. He was liberated and sent to heaven by Bhagwan Shri Ram. now labelled as a Shudr. Balram Ji killed Soot Ji on this account only.
One must abide by his Varnasharm Dharm, failing which he invite disaster.
नाततायिवधे दोषो हन्तुर्भवति कश्चन।
प्रकाशं वाऽप्रकाशं वा मन्युस्तं मन्युमृच्छति॥8.351॥
प्रकाशं वाऽप्रकाशं वा मन्युस्तं मन्युमृच्छति॥8.351॥
सबके सामने या एकान्त में जो किसी को मारने का उतावला हो, उसका वध करने में कोई दोष नहीं है, क्योंकि जिसे आतताई मरना चाहता है, उसके क्रोध से उसी आतताई का क्रोध बढ़ता है।
By killing an assassin the slayer incurs no guilt, whether he does it publicly-in open or secretly-isolation; in that case fury recoils upon fury.
Thus there is no harm in killing the terrorist in Kashmir or elsewhere who are in the guise of Maoists, Nexalites, Jaish or ISIS, ISI, Palestinians-Hamas or IS or may they be Khalistanis. Those who pelt stones over security forces too should also be strained with might and the police men who register cases against the security forces do deserve same treatment in Kashmir. Why the Amnesty International remain quite, when innocents-security personnel are killed in Kashmir by terror mongers or stone pelters?!
Amnesty International did not uttar a single world while millions of people are dead due to Chines Virus Corona, spread by China intentionally.
परदाराभिमर्शेषु प्रवृत्तान्नॄन्महीपतिः।
उद्वेजनकरैर्दण्डैश्छिन्नयित्वा प्रवासयेत्॥8.352॥
उद्वेजनकरैर्दण्डैश्छिन्नयित्वा प्रवासयेत्॥8.352॥
पराई स्त्री के साथ सम्भोग करने वाले मनुष्यों को राजा पीड़ा देने वाले दण्डों से नाक-कान आदि कटवाकर देश से निकल दे।
The king should expel a person from the country who make illicit relations with the wife of others, married woman, after giving him painful punishments and cutting off his nose and ears.
This rule is equally applicable to married woman as well, who enter into sexual alliance with others of their own or lure them.
तत्समुत्थो हि लोकस्य जायते वर्णसङ्करः।
येन मूलहरोऽधर्मः सर्वनाशाय कल्पते॥8.353॥
येन मूलहरोऽधर्मः सर्वनाशाय कल्पते॥8.353॥
परस्त्री गमन से नाजायज, वर्णशंकर पैदा होते हैं, जो मूल का ही नाश करने वाले, अधर्म और सर्वनाश का कारण होता है।
As the outcome-result of adultery hybrid progeny is obtained which destroys the clan-hierarchy, causes irreligiosity and lead to turmoil-devastation ultimately.
Kans, maternal uncle of Bhagwan Shri Krashn was born out of illicit relations made by a Yaksh with the wife of king Ugra Sen of Mathura.
Most the Muslims are born out of the women who were abducted and raped. Another religion followed by millions too have identical base. These people lack culture, morals, ethics, values, virtues. One can see the large scale violence all over the world carried out by these Muslims. Another tribe proceeded to overpower the whole world and it ultimately resulted in two world wars, killing millions of people. Atrocities over the Jews are well known to the whole world by the Nazis.
परस्य पत्न्या पुरुषः संभाषां योजयन् रहः।
पूर्वमाक्षारितो दोषैः प्राप्नुयात्पूर्वसाहसम्॥8.354॥
पूर्वमाक्षारितो दोषैः प्राप्नुयात्पूर्वसाहसम्॥8.354॥
परस्त्री गमन करने वाला कोई पुरुष यदि किसी परस्त्री के साथ एकान्त में भाषण करे तो राजा उस पर प्रथम श्रेणी का दण्ड करे।
One who is known-accused (remains unexpelled from the country) of illicit relations with other women deserve to be fined with the first amercement if he talks with the wife of someone else in isolation.
यस्त्वनाक्षारितः पूर्वमभिभाषते कारणात्।
न दोषं प्राप्नुयात् किञ्चिन्न हि तस्य व्यतिक्रमः॥8.355॥
न दोषं प्राप्नुयात् किञ्चिन्न हि तस्य व्यतिक्रमः॥8.355॥
जो व्यक्ति परस्त्री गमन के दोष से रहित है और किसी कारण से दूसरे की स्त्री के साथ लोगों के सामने या एकान्त में भाषण करे, तो वह अपराधी न होने के कारण दण्ड पाने योग्य नहीं है।
One free from of the defect of sexual relations from the other women, can not be punished if he talks with the women in isolation or publicly.
In this age married women joins services & have to talk to several people. They cannot be subjected to this rule. Those men in power-service who entice, lure the women folk deserve to be severely punished.
परस्त्रियं योऽभिवदेत्तीर्थेऽरण्ये वनेऽपि वा।
नदीनां वाऽपि संभेदे स संग्रहणमाप्नुयात्॥8.356॥
नदीनां वाऽपि संभेदे स संग्रहणमाप्नुयात्॥8.356॥
जो पुरुष पराई स्त्री से तीर्थ में या नदी के पास, जंगल में या गाँव के बाहर निर्जन उपवन में या नदियॉं के संगम स्थान में रहस्य भाषण करे तो उसे राजा संग्रहण (एक सहस्त्र-हजार पण) का दण्ड दे।
One is liable to be fined with one thousands Pan, if he seduce-entice, lure, motivate or coerce other's wife at a pilgrimage, near the river, junction of rivers, in the forest-jungles, out side the village etc. for adultery.
The Muslim Moulvi, Moulana are motivating their youth to attract the Hindu virgins and marry them in the name of love jihad. Shah Rukh khan, Amer Khan, Azruddin, Pataudi, Saef Ali too fall under this category. Films are misguiding, misleading the girls to breach all boundaries.
उपचारक्रिया केलिः स्पर्शो भूषणवाससाम्।
सह खट्वासनं चैव सर्वं संग्रहणं स्मृतम्॥8.357॥
सह खट्वासनं चैव सर्वं संग्रहणं स्मृतम्॥8.357॥
परस्त्री के पास माला, फूल, इत्र आदि भेजना, उसके साथ हँसी, दिल्लगी करना, आलिंगन करना, उसका भूषण-वस्त्र छूना, उसके साथ चारपाई पर बैठना, ये सब शास्त्रों में संग्रहण कहे गए हैं।
Gifting garlands-jewellery, flowers, scents-perfumes, laughing-making fun, joking, praising her, touching (embrace, clasping), touching her dress or jewellery, sitting over the same cot, bed, sofa, chair are acts of seducing a women as per scriptures and deserve to be punished.
This is true for the women as well. They are 8 times as sexy as compared to a man. This has been observed by Achary Chanky. Therefore, one should be extra careful if he happen to come in contact with such women.
स्त्रियं स्पृशेददेशे यः स्पृष्टो वा मर्षयेत्तया।
परस्परस्यानुमते सर्वं संग्रहणं स्मृतम्॥8.358॥
परस्परस्यानुमते सर्वं संग्रहणं स्मृतम्॥8.358॥
कोई पुरुष परस्त्री के स्पर्श न करने योग्य अंग को स्पर्श करेंअथवा उसको अपने अंग स्पर्श करने पर कुछ न बोले, प्रतिकार-विरोध न करे, यह सब परस्पर अनुमोदन से होने वाला संग्रहण ही है।
If a woman does not speak or protest on being touched inappropriately or vice a versa, shows mutual understanding (adulterous behaviour).
अब्राह्मणः संग्रहणे प्राणान्तं दण्डमर्हति।
चतुर्णामपि वर्णानां दारा रक्ष्यतमाः सदा॥8.359॥
चतुर्णामपि वर्णानां दारा रक्ष्यतमाः सदा॥8.359॥
यदि शूद्र द्विजाति की स्त्री के साथ संग्रहण करे तो उसे प्राण दण्ड देना चाहिये। चारों वर्णों को सबसे अधिक अपनी स्त्रियों की ही सदा रक्षा करनी चाहिये।
If a person belonging to a lower caste tries to seduce-motivate her, lure her for sex with him, he deserves death sentence. Every person belonging to the four Varn must care more his wife, as compared to other belongings.
As such a love Jihadi deserve death sentence. The woman is always vulnerable to the designs of sex manics-poachers. Most of the women in politics in India have been found to be involved with one or another person at one or the other point of time. They have no morals virtues or ethics. Values carries no weight for them. This is applicable to women in public life as well.
The Mallechh is always Lascivious, immoral, virtue-less. The Europe, America, Australia and the entire Arab world is plagued with this disease. They are grossly immoral, sinful.
In today's world more and more women-girls are exposed to premature sex or sex prior to marriage. There are women at work, who do have sex with others. For them its a matter of fun and enjoyment. No morals, no values. In a survey 70% girls studying in the Delhi university admitted to having sex.
भिक्षुका बन्दिनश्चैव दीक्षिताः कारवस्तथा।
संभाषणं सह स्त्रीभिः कुर्युरप्रतिवारिताः॥8.360॥
संभाषणं सह स्त्रीभिः कुर्युरप्रतिवारिताः॥8.360॥
भिक्षुक, भाट, दीक्षित और सूपकार लोग गृहस्थ पत्नी से कार्यवश बेरोक टोक बात कर सकते हैं।
Mendicants, bards, men who have performed the initiatory ceremony of a Vedic sacrifice (education-celibacy) and artisans are not prohibited from speaking to married women, but still a close watch over their behaviour-movements is essential.
If some work (construction, repairs) is carried out at home, the women folk have to look after the job and are prone to such advances which makes it essential to be cautious.
न संभाषां परस्त्रीभिः प्रतिषिद्धः समाचरेत्।
निषिद्धो भाषमाणस्तु सुवर्णं दण्डमर्हति॥8.361॥
निषिद्धो भाषमाणस्तु सुवर्णं दण्डमर्हति॥8.361॥
यदि किसी पुरुष को मना कर दिया गया हो तो वह मना करने वाले गृहस्थ की पत्नी से बात न करे। मना करने के बाद भी यदि वह ऐसा करता है, तो उस पर सोलह मासा सुवर्ण दण्ड किया जाना चाहिये।
One should be fined with 16 Gold coins if he still talks with the wife of a person who has warned-restrained him, asked not to do so.
नैष चारणदारेषु विधिर्नात्मोपजीविषु।
सज्जयन्ति हि ते नारीर्निगूढाश्चारयन्ति च॥8.362॥
सज्जयन्ति हि ते नारीर्निगूढाश्चारयन्ति च॥8.362॥
यह नियम नटों की स्त्रियों के लिये नहीं है, भार्या से अपनी जीविका चलाने वालों के लिये भी नहीं है; क्योंकि वे अपनी स्त्रियों का स्वयं ही परपुरुषों से सम्बन्ध कराते हैं और स्वयं छिपकर उनसे व्यभिचार कराते हैं।
This rule is not applicable to those whose women folk are made to earn through illicit means. The actors, models, jokers, singers or those who are busy in public performances are exempted from this rule.
Indirectly this rule does nor cover-apply to those women who go to office or such places like hospitals, factories, coeducational schools, colleges, universities, international or regional conferences, political parties etc. etc for work-earning, practice, studies.
The pimps, prostitutes do not come under this category.
All categories where the women have to deal with public are exempted from this rule.
किञ्चिदेव तु दाप्यः स्यात्संभाषां ताभिराचरन्।
प्रैष्यासु चैकभक्तासु रहः प्रव्रजितासु च॥8.363॥
प्रैष्यासु चैकभक्तासु रहः प्रव्रजितासु च॥8.363॥
ऐसी स्त्रियों के साथ एकान्त में बात करने वाले पुरुषों को भी राजा कुछ दण्ड दे। वैसे ही दासियों-देव दासियों, वैरागिनियों और ब्रह्मचारिणियों के साथ पुरुष रहस्य भाषण करे तो राजा उसे भी कुछ दण्ड दे।
The king should punish those men who try to lure, seduce, entice the women at work, women slaves-servants, nuns, the women who have deserted-relinquished the world, those women who have adopted to celibacy.
Any one who attempt-indulge in moral turpitude should be punished whether a male or female, at work or at home.
योऽकामां दूषयेत् कन्यां स सद्यो वधमर्हति।
सकामां दूषयंस्तुल्यो न वधं प्राप्नुयान्नरः॥8.364॥
सकामां दूषयंस्तुल्यो न वधं प्राप्नुयान्नरः॥8.364॥
जो मनुष्य किसी कन्या के साथ बलात्कार करके उसे दूषित करता है, वह तत्काल वध करने योग्य होता है। पर कन्या की इच्छा से उसे दूषित किया गया हो, वह कन्या सजातीय हो तो वह वध के योग्य नहीं होता।
The man who rapes a girl deserves murder on the spot. But if the intercourse has taken place due to the consent-desire of the girl and the girl belongs to his caste he may not be killed.
All sorts of flirtations, advancements may lead to rape, requiring-necessitating the evil to be cleaned at the moment by either sex. In India the law has been modified recently to protect the minors from rape and awarding death sentence to the rapist which should be applicable to rape of all virgins.
All the four rapists in Nirbhya case have been executed after a prolonged legal battle having used all options-alternatives. [14.04.2020]
कन्यां भजन्तीमुत्कृष्टं न किञ्चिदपि दापयेत्।
जघन्यं सेवमानां तु संयतां वासयेद् गृहे॥8.365॥
जघन्यं सेवमानां तु संयतां वासयेद् गृहे॥8.365॥
उत्तम जाति के पुरुष के साथ संभोग करने की इच्छा से उसकी सेवा करने वाली कन्या को कुछ भी दण्ड न दे; परन्तु हीन जाति के पास जाने वाली कन्या का यत्न पूर्वक नियमन करे।
The girl who voluntarily serves a person of upper caste for sex should be pardoned but if a girl tries to have sex with a man of lower caste she should be restrained according to rules described before.
It has been observed that the girls who are married to the person of lower caste could not adjust with either him or his family. But a virtuous girls who is accepted by the higher caste easily adjust in it.
उत्तमां सेवमानस्तु जघन्यो वधमर्हति।
शुल्कं दद्यात्सेवमानः समामिच्छेत्पिता यदि॥8.366॥
उत्तम वर्ण की कन्या के साथ सम्भोग करने वाला नीच वर्ण का पुरुष वध के योग्य है। समान वर्ण की कन्या के साथ समागम करने वाला, यदि उस कन्या का पिता धन से संतुष्ट होता है, तो विवाह कर ले।
The male belonging to a lower caste deserve to be killed if he rapes a girl of upper caste. If a male enters into sexual alliance of the same caste and the father of the girl is willing to compromise, may marry her by paying her father desired-settled amount of money.
अभिषह्य तु यः कन्यां कुर्याद्दर्पेण मानवः।
तस्याशु कर्त्ये अंगल्यौ दण्डं चार्हति षट्शतम्॥8.367॥
तस्याशु कर्त्ये अंगल्यौ दण्डं चार्हति षट्शतम्॥8.367॥
जो व्यक्ति घमंड में आकर जबरदस्ती कन्या की योनि में ऊँगली डालकर उसे भ्रष्ट करता है तो राजा शीघ्र उसकी दो उँगलियाँ कटवाकर उसे 600 पण जुर्माना लगाये।
The king should impose a fine of 600 Pan-Coins (Rupees) over the arrogant, who insert his fingers in the vagina of a girl by force and order cutting of his two fingers.
The laws in India are too soft-lax in such matters.Even those who abduct girls, sale, them, rape them, spoil their life, roam freely and gets supports from Samaj Vadi leaders like Mulayam Singh Yadav to gain votes from Muslims. As a matter of rule almost all political parties in India gives tickets to rapists and the people involved in prostitution, sale & abduction of girls and married women. They do not spare the minors.
This rule is not applicable to the doctors who perform virginity tests or conduct delivery over the expecting mothers.
सकामां दूषयंस्तुल्यो नाङ्गुलिछेदमाप्नुयात्।
द्विशतं तु दमं दाप्यः प्रसङ्गविनिवृत्तये ॥8.368॥
द्विशतं तु दमं दाप्यः प्रसङ्गविनिवृत्तये ॥8.368॥
स्वयं चाहने वाली कन्या को ऊँगली डालकर भ्रष्ट करने वाले समान जाति के पुरुष की ऊँगली नहीं कटवानी चाहियें। उस पर 200 पैन का दण्ड करना चाहिए ताकि वह फिर से ऐसा न करे।
If a girls herself feels interested and the male is from her own caste, his fingers should not be chopped off but instead, he should pay a fine of 200 Pan so that he do not repeat this offence.
कन्यैव कन्यां या कुर्यात्तस्याः स्याद् द्विशतो दमः।
शुल्कं च द्विगुणं दद्यात्शिफाश्चैवाप्नुयाद् दश॥8.369॥
शुल्कं च द्विगुणं दद्यात्शिफाश्चैवाप्नुयाद् दश॥8.369॥
यदि कन्या दूसरी कन्या के साथ ऐसा व्यवहार करे तो वह 200 पण का दण्ड राजा को भरे और दुगुना शुल्क उस लड़की के बाप को दे और राजा ऐसी लड़की को 10 कोड़े लगवाये।
If a girl pierce her fingers into another girls vagina, she should pay a fine of 200 Pan and pay 400 Pan to the affected girl's father. She should be lashed 10 times.
It amounts to lesbianism and deserve to be curved just like homosexuality.
This era has exposed the minors and school going children to internet, from where they freely learn bad habits and spoil their life. The parents should be wise enough to regulate the use of mobile phone and lap tops, I-pads in their family.
या तु कन्यां प्रकुर्यात् स्त्री सा सद्यो मौण्ड्यमर्हति।
अङ्गुल्योरेव वा छेदं खरेणोद्वहनं तथा॥8.370॥
अङ्गुल्योरेव वा छेदं खरेणोद्वहनं तथा॥8.370॥
यदि स्त्री कन्या की योनि में ऊँगली तो राजा तत्काल उसका सर मुँड़वाकर उसकी दो उँगलियाँ कटवा दे या गधे पर चढ़ाके, उसे सड़कों पर घुमाये।
If a woman pierces her finger in the vagina of a girl, the king should order shaving off her head and either order chopping off her two finger or parade her in the city riding over an ass after blackening her face-mouth.
The doctors have to perform this act with the rape victims as a part of their duty. They can not be punished for this action. However, posting of male doctors for this job is a sin. The male doctors are made to perform the delivery of the child as well. They can not be punished for this. The system has to be upgraded for this.
भर्तारं लङ्घयेद्या तु स्त्री ज्ञातिगुणदर्पिता।
तां श्वभिः खादयेद्राजा संस्थाने बहुसंस्थिते॥8.371॥
तां श्वभिः खादयेद्राजा संस्थाने बहुसंस्थिते॥8.371॥
जो स्त्री अपने बाप दादा के धन-सम्पत्ति रूप गुणों के कारण अपने पति का निरादर करे तो, राजा उसे लोगों सामने कुत्ते नुचवा दे।
If a woman insults her husband due to the proud of being from a wealthy family and her beauty, she should be thrown in front of dogs to bitten by them.
पुमांसं दाहयेत्पापं शयने तप्त आयसे।
अभ्यादध्युश्च काष्ठानि तत्र दह्येत पापकृत्॥8.372॥
अभ्यादध्युश्च काष्ठानि तत्र दह्येत पापकृत्॥8.372॥
पापी, परस्त्री गामी पुरुष, को राजा तपाये हुए लोहे की शैय्या सुलाकर,उसके ऊपर लकड़ी रखवा दे, जिसमें जलकर वह पाप कर्ता खाक हो जाये।
The king should make the sinner person sleep over red hot iron and cover him with wood, so that he is burnt alive into ashes if he- make sexual relations with a married woman.
संवत्सराभिशस्तस्य दुष्टस्य द्विगुणो दमः।
व्रात्यया सह संवासे चाण्डाल्या तावदेव तु॥8.373॥
व्रात्यया सह संवासे चाण्डाल्या तावदेव तु॥8.373॥
परस्त्री गमन से दूषित पुरुष दण्डित होने पर यदि एक वर्ष बाद फिर वैसा अपराध करे तो उसे पहले से दुगुना दण्ड देना चाहिये। दुष्ट स्त्री और चाण्डालिनी के पास जाने वाले के लिये भी राजा इसी दण्ड की व्यवस्था करे।
The king should impose double the fine if a person is found involved in sex with the wife of someone else again after one year. Anyone who visits the cruel or untouchable (Chandalini, Nat, Kanjar or Dom woman) for sex has to be treated likewise.
शूद्रो गुप्तमगुप्तं वा द्वैजातं वर्णमावसन्।
अगुप्तमङ्गसर्वस्वैर्गुप्तं सर्वेण हीयते॥8.374॥
अगुप्तमङ्गसर्वस्वैर्गुप्तं सर्वेण हीयते॥8.374॥
जो शूद्र स्वामी आदि अविभावकों से अरक्षित द्विजाति की स्त्री के साथ व्याभिचार करे तो राजा उसका लिंगच्छेदन कराके उसका सर्वस्व हरण कर ले और रक्षित के साथ व्याभिचार करे तो उसका सर्वस्व हरण के साथ उसे प्राण दण्ड दे।
The king should order the cutting of pennies of a Shudr who has sex with an unprotected women (i.e., parents, elders, husband, children etc.) In case the crime has been committed with a protected woman, he should be subjected to death sentence and all his belongings confiscated.
The current age is really dangerous for the upper caste women who go to offices, where the department is headed by the Muslims, scheduled castes or tribes or even OBC's who lure, seduce, induce and poach them for sex. These mentally feeble are grossly sexy-sensual unrepentant and get jobs through reservation and foul means. Politicians from these categories too are not far behind.
वैश्यः सर्वस्वदण्डः स्यात् संवत्सरनिरोधतः।
सहस्रं क्षत्रियो दण्ड्यो मौण्ड्यं मूत्रेण चार्हति॥8.375॥
यदि वैश्य रक्षित ब्राह्मणी के साथ मैथुन करे तो उसका सर्वस्व हरण कर एक वर्ष कैद की सजा दे और क्षत्रिय को एक हजार पण का जुर्माना करे और गधे के मूत्र से उसका सिर मुड़वा दे।
सर मुड़वाकर, मुँह काला कर उसका जलूस निकलवाये।
If a Vaeshy is found guilty of adultery with a protected Brahmn woman, he should be imprisoned for one year and all his assets confiscated. A Kshatriy should be fined 1,000 Pan and his head should be shaved with the urine of a donkey.
The Kshatriy should be paraded in the streets after blackening his mouth, riding a donkey, after shaving off his head.
The women are lured in the factories, business premises, work places by the owners frequently. These business owners too deserve this treatment.
It must be kept in the mind that the women are 8 times sexier than the male. They may seduce the bosses for promotion, perks etc.etc. They too deserve the same fate.
ब्राह्मणीं यद्यगुप्तां तु गच्छेतां वैश्यपार्थिवौ।
वैश्यं पञ्चशतं कुर्यात्क्षत्रियं तु सहस्रिणम्॥8.376॥
वैश्यं पञ्चशतं कुर्यात्क्षत्रियं तु सहस्रिणम्॥8.376॥
यदि वैश्य और क्षत्रिय अरक्षित ब्राह्मणी के साथ समागम करें तो वैश्य को 500 पण और क्षत्रिय को 1000 पण दण्ड करे।
In case a Vaeshy indulge in sex with an unprotected Brahmn woman he should be levied a fine of 500 Pan, the levy of fine in such a case for the Kshatriy has to be 1,000 Pan.
उभावपि तु तावेव ब्राह्मण्या गुप्तया सह।
विप्लुतौ शूद्रवद्दण्ड्यौ दग्धव्यौ वा कटाग्निना॥8.377॥
विप्लुतौ शूद्रवद्दण्ड्यौ दग्धव्यौ वा कटाग्निना॥8.377॥
वैश्य और क्षत्रिय, ये दोनों यदि रक्षित ब्राह्मणी के साथ मैथुन करें, तो उन्हें शूद्र की तरह ही दण्ड देना चाहिये अथवा तृण की धधकती हुई आग में इन्हें जला देना चाहिये।
Both Kshatriy and Vaeshy are liable either to be punished like a Shudr if they happen to have sex with a protected Brahmn woman or they should burnt off in a fire produced by burning off straw-dry grass.
सहस्रं ब्राह्मणो दण्ड्यो गुप्तां विप्रां बलाद् व्रजन्।
शतानि पञ्च दण्ड्यः स्यादिच्छन्त्या सह सङ्गतः॥8.378॥
शतानि पञ्च दण्ड्यः स्यादिच्छन्त्या सह सङ्गतः॥8.378॥
यदि ब्राह्मण रक्षित ब्राह्मणी के साथ जबर्दस्ती मैथुन करे तो उसे एक हजार पण का दण्ड देना चाहिये, यदि वह सकामा हो तो साथ संगम करने पर 500 पण दंड करे।
A Brahmn has to be fined 1,000 Pan in case he rapes a protected Brahmn woman, but if she is a willing partner, the fine should be reduced to 500 Pan.
मौण्ड्यं प्राणान्तिको दण्डो ब्राह्मणस्य विधीयते।
इतरेषां तु वर्णानां दण्डः प्राणान्तिको भवेत्॥8.379॥
इतरेषां तु वर्णानां दण्डः प्राणान्तिको भवेत्॥8.379॥
ब्राह्मण के सिर के सिर के बाल मुड़ा देना ही उसके लिये प्राणान्तक दण्ड है। परन्तु अन्य वर्णों को प्राणान्तक दण्ड देना चाहिये।
Shaving of a Brahmn's head is like death penalty for him. But a guilty from other Varn should not be spared from death sentence, if proved guilty of grievous crimes.
At present almost all Brahmns get a hair cut almost every month. They do not grow beard or hair lock. The death sentence is imparted in rarest of rare cases these days who so ever may the guilty be caste. Any one who is in service is a Shudr.
Droupadi spared Ashwatthama for being a Brahmn and the son of great guru Dron. What so ever may it be, but Ashwatthama can not be killed being immortal and an incarnation of Bhagwan Shiv.
न जातु ब्राह्मणं हन्यात्सर्वपापेष्वपि स्थितम्।
राष्ट्रादेनं बहिः कुर्यात्समग्रधनमक्षतम्॥8.380॥
राष्ट्रादेनं बहिः कुर्यात्समग्रधनमक्षतम्॥8.380॥
सब प्रकार के पाप करने पर भी ब्राह्मण का वध कभी न करे। उसे समग्र धन के साथ अभग्न शरीर से अपने देश से बाहर निकल दे।
Even though a Brahmn might have committed grievous sins, he should not be killed; instead he should be expelled from the country with all his belongings and without cutting limbs.
Nehru family, a Muslim in reality labelled itself as Brahman and earned the anger towards Brahman community.
Rahul the son of a Christian mother and a Muslim father won all the five seats in Som Nath constituency just by showing Janeu to the voters, claiming himself to be a Brahman!! How foolish & ignorant are the voters?! This is the same person who has divided the Hindus by calling them selves as Lingayat.
Mamta calls herself Banerji-a Brahman but is grossly against the Hindus and especially the Brahmans. She intends to control East Bangal-Bangla Desh as well, as a queen.
The scheduled castes keep on cursing Brahmans for their miseries though they themselves are responsible for their bows. They want to survive without working, labour, snatching others dues and hard earned money. They are similar to communists, Muslims and the congressmen!!!
न ब्राह्मणवधाद्भूयानधर्मो विद्यते भुवि।
तस्मादस्य वधं राजा मनसाऽपि न चिन्तयेत्॥8.381॥
तस्मादस्य वधं राजा मनसाऽपि न चिन्तयेत्॥8.381॥
ब्राह्मण के वध से बढ़कर संसार में दूसरा कोई पाप-अपराध नहीं है। इसलिये राजा उसके वध की चिंता कभी मन से न करे।
यह नियम काम विकारों-अपराधों से सम्बन्धित है। कौरव वंश भगवान् वेद व्यास से ही कायम रहा और भगवान् श्री राम का रघुवंश भी महर्षि वशिष्ठ की कृपा से ही आगे बढ़ा। व्यवहार में बहुत लोग बच्चे पैदा करने में सक्षम नहीं होते। उनकी पत्नियाँ प्रताड़ना से बचने के लिए अन्यत्र प्रयास करती हैं। आज भी समाज में नियोग प्रथा कायम है। नियोग में ब्राह्मण या स्त्री की ओर से वासना का अंश नहीं होना चाहिये। पुरुष और विशेषतः ब्राह्मण को कभी भी आगे बढ़कर यह कार्य सम्पादन नहीं करना चाहिये। इस प्रकार की संतान का पिता सम्बन्धित स्त्री का पति हो होता है।
It does not contradicts postulate [मनु स्मृति 8.350]. This postulate pertains to sexual offences-advances. Kaurav clan continued due to Bhagwan Ved Vyas and the Raghu Vansh continued due to Mahrishi Vashishth. In practice a large number of people are functionally impotent and are unable to produce children. In such situations the women resort to sexual relations elsewhere to protect themselves from the torture in the family. An ancient practice by the name of NIYOG still prevail in the Hindu society in which the woman mates with able bodied intellectual, pious, virtuous Brahmns with the permission of her husband and in laws. The progeny gets the title of its father only not the biological father.
There is no sin as great as killing, slaying, murdering a Brahmn. Therefore the king never resort to killing a Brahmn.
Maha Nand killed Chanak-the father of Achary Chanaky and his empire was reduced to zero. Killing of Bhagwan Parshu Ram's father led to the elimination of Kshatriy clans 21 times from the earth.
Dev Raj Indr-king of heaven, too was not spared for killing Vrata Sur a Brahmn by birth.
Bhagwan Ram himself took to penances for killing Ravan.
Pandavs too were made to undergo penances by Bhagwan Shri Krashn for killing Achary Dron.
वैश्यश्चेत्क्षत्रियां गुप्तां वैश्यां वा क्षत्रियो व्रजेत्।
यो ब्राह्मण्यामगुप्तायां तावुभौ दण्डमर्हतः॥8.382॥
यो ब्राह्मण्यामगुप्तायां तावुभौ दण्डमर्हतः॥8.382॥
यदि वैश्य रक्षित क्षत्राणि से और क्षत्रिय रक्षित वैश्य स्त्री से गमन करे तो आरक्षिता ब्राह्मणी के साथ गमन करने में जो दण्ड कहा गया है, वही दण्ड इन दोनों को भी उचित है।
Same rule for punishment will apply in case a Vaeshy maintains relations with a married-protected Kshatriy woman or a Kshatriy Male establishes relations with a Vaeshy woman as is applicable in case of a married Brahmn woman subjugated (lured-corrupted) by other caste males.
सहस्रं ब्राह्मणो दण्डं दाप्यो गुप्ते तु ते व्रजन्।
शूद्रायां क्षत्रियविशोः साहस्रो वै भवेद्दमः॥8.383॥
शूद्रायां क्षत्रियविशोः साहस्रो वै भवेद्दमः॥8.383॥
रक्षिता क्षत्राणी और वैश्य वर्ण की स्त्री के साथ यदि ब्राह्मण व्यभिचार करे तो उसे 1,000 पण का दंड दे और क्षत्रिय तथा वैश्य यदि रक्षित शूद्रा से रमण करें, तो उन्हें भी एक हज़ार पण का जुर्माना करे।
A fine of 1000 Pan should be imposed upon the Brahmn for subjugating a Kshatriy or Vaeshy woman and if Vaeshy or Kshatriy corrupt a Shudr married woman they too should be fined 1,000 Pan.
Sole purpose of such heavy fines is to maintain sanctity, virtues, morality, piousity, values, ethics and high standards in the society. The Muslims lack these qualities and the Christians are not too far behind. As is usual for a Hindu, he learns these bad habits from the west and spoils his life. Inter caste, inter religions, inter continental marriages are on the high. In India also young boys and girls prefer to establish live in relations and suffer through out the life.
क्षत्रियायामगुप्तायां वैश्ये पञ्चशतं दमः।
मूत्रेण मौण्ड्यमिच्छेत् तु क्षत्रियो दण्डमेव वा॥8.384॥
मूत्रेण मौण्ड्यमिच्छेत् तु क्षत्रियो दण्डमेव वा॥8.384॥
अरक्षित क्षत्रिया से गमन करने पर वैश्य को 500 पण का दण्ड देना चाहिये, यदि क्षत्रिय उससे गमन करे तो गधे के मूत से उसका सिर मूंँड़कर उस पर 500 पण का दण्ड लगाये।
If a Vaeshy subjugate-intercourse an unprotected Kshatriy woman he should be fined 500 Pan and if this done by a Kshatriy he has to be fined 500 Pan along with shaving off his head with the urine of donkey.
Such people have to be paraded after blackening their faces sitting over the donkey in the streets so that others do not dare commit such a mistake. This should be directly telecast and the photos should be published in the news papers.
अगुप्ते क्षत्रियावैश्ये शूद्रां वा ब्राह्मणो व्रजन्।
शतानि पञ्चदण्ड्यः स्यात्सहस्रं त्वन्त्यजस्त्रियम्॥8.385॥
शतानि पञ्चदण्ड्यः स्यात्सहस्रं त्वन्त्यजस्त्रियम्॥8.385॥
यदि ब्राह्मण अरक्षित क्षत्राणी, वैश्य वर्ण की स्त्री या शूद्रा से गमन करे तो उसे 500 पण का दण्ड दे और यदि चाण्डाल की स्त्री के साथ मैथुन करे तो उसे 1000 पण का दण्ड दे।
इस प्रकार का आचार-व्यवहार करने वाले व्यक्ति धर्म भृष्ट कहलाते हैं और समाज से बहिष्कृत किये जाते हैं।
A Brahmn who mate with unprotected Kshatrani, Vaeshy woman or a Shudr should be fined 500 Pan. In case, he mates with a Chandalini he should be imposed a fine of 1,000 Pan.
By all accounts its a very large amount for the Brahmn to be paid. Such heavy penalties are meant to keep him disciplined. If he is disciplined other communities will too behave in a decent manner.
यस्य स्तेनः पुरे नास्ति नान्यस्त्रीगो न दुष्टवाक्।
न साहसिकदण्डघ्नो स राजा शक्रलोकभाक्॥8.386॥
न साहसिकदण्डघ्नो स राजा शक्रलोकभाक्॥8.386॥
जिस राजा के राज्य में परस्त्री गामी, चोर, मिथ्या वादी, अनुचित कर्म में साहस दिखाने वाले और लाठी से मार-पीट करने वाला नहीं है, वह राजा इंद्रपुरी का सुख भोगने वाला होता है।
A king who's kingdom is free from those, who mate with other women, thieves, lairs, unduly violent (quarrelsome-torturous) people and the ones who wield arms; enjoys like the king of heaven Dev Raj Indr.
Indr too was troubled by the demons-giants. So, the king should always be ready to counter back the enemies. At present China has emerged as the worst possible enemy of the world-civilisation. In its thirst for supremacy it spreaded Chines Virus-Corona intentionally. Pakistan and North Korea are the countries the neighbour of which require continued vigil over their boarders.[19.04.2020]
एतेषां निग्रहो राज्ञः पञ्चानां विषये स्वके।
साम्राज्यकृत्सजात्येषु लोके चैव यशस्करः॥8.387॥
साम्राज्यकृत्सजात्येषु लोके चैव यशस्करः॥8.387॥
जो राजा अपने राज्य में पूर्वोक्त पाँचों अपराधियों को दण्ड देता है, वह अपने सजातीय के बीच राज्य का पालन करता हुआ संसार में यशस्वी होता है।
The king who punishes-suppress the five kinds of criminals listed above, enjoys good reputation amongest his own Varn i.e., the Kshatriy-kings of other countries, states, regions.
The suppression of those five in his dominions secures to a king paramount sovereignty among his peers and fame in the world.
During the current era, Chandr Gupt, Vikramadity, Raja Bhoj were such people.
ऋत्विजं यस्त्यजेद् याज्यो याज्यं चर्त्विद्याज्योजेद्यदि।
शक्तं कर्मण्यदुष्टं च तयोर्दण्डः शतं शतम्॥8.388॥
शक्तं कर्मण्यदुष्टं च तयोर्दण्डः शतं शतम्॥8.388॥
यदि यजमान योग्य ऋत्विज को और ऋत्विज निर्दोष यजमान को छोड़ दे तो दोनों पर सौ-सौ पण का दण्ड लगाये।
If the host, sacrificer deserts-discards, rejects a capable-virtuous priest and the priest abandon the innocent household-host, then each of them deserve to be fined 100 Pan.
न माता न पिता न स्त्री न पुत्रस्त्यागमर्हति।
त्यजन्नपतितानेतान् राज्ञा दण्ड्यः शतानि षट्॥8.389॥
त्यजन्नपतितानेतान् राज्ञा दण्ड्यः शतानि षट्॥8.389॥
माँ, बाप, स्त्री और पुत्र, ये अत्याज्य हैं। इनका त्याग करने पर राजा प्रत्येक के लिये 600 पण का दण्ड करे।
Mother, father, wife and the son can not be deserted. If anyone of these is deserted, the deserter should be fined 600 for each one of them.
Values, culture, ethics have taken back seat. The progeny is quick to desert their parents under one or the other pretext.
This is applicable in normal situations. In extraordinary situation explained earlier, a wife has to be discarded who indulge in adultery etc.
Please refer to :: Para 3.3-4 of Kautily Arth Shastr pertaining to divorce, over bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
आश्रमेषु द्विजातीनां कार्ये विवदतां मिथः।
न विब्रूयान्नृपो धर्मं चिकीर्षन्हितमात्मनः॥8.390॥
न विब्रूयान्नृपो धर्मं चिकीर्षन्हितमात्मनः॥8.390॥
गार्हस्थ्य आदि आश्रमोचित कार्य में परस्पर विवाद करते हुए द्विजातियों के बीच, अपना हित चाहने वाला राजा धर्म की कोई बात न बोले।
The king should not intervene between the upper castes debating over the questions pertaining to Varnashram Dharm, duties, deliberations, performances in his won benefit.
In India Supreme Court do not hesitate in pocking its nose in matters pertaining to procedures, traditions, culture, ethics, values morals unnecessarily, in Hinduism. But prefers to remain quite-silent in matters related to Muslims.
यथार्हमेतानभ्यर्च्य ब्राह्मणैः सह पार्थिवः।
सान्त्वेन प्रशमय्यादौ स्वधर्मं प्रतिपादयेत्॥8.391॥
सान्त्वेन प्रशमय्यादौ स्वधर्मं प्रतिपादयेत्॥8.391॥
राजा अन्य ब्राह्मणों के साथ उन सबका उचित पूजन करके पहले उन्हें शान्त करे, पीछे जो उसका अपना धर्म हो उसका प्रतिपादन करे।
The king should honour the Brahmns, sooth-assuage them and then start his daily routine.
The king should look after the needs, subsistence of the Brahmns and help them establish the Dharm, perform Yagy, prayers for flourishing the kingdom and his own well being. He should grant dolls for maintaining the Ashrams, Guru Kul so that the masses attain education and virtues-good conduct.
Education has been commercialised these days and anyone who can afford can get it, whether deserving-worthy or not. Thereafter, reservation will lift him up to the rank of prime minister or president. Who care for the country?!
प्रतिवेश्यानुवेश्यौ च कल्याणे विंशतिर्द्विजे।
अर्हावभोजयन्विप्रो दण्डमर्हति माषकम्॥8.392॥
अर्हावभोजयन्विप्रो दण्डमर्हति माषकम्॥8.392॥
किसी शुभ कार्य में बीस ब्राह्मणों को खिलाना हो और योग्य प्रतिवेश्य (पड़ोसी) और अनुवेश्य (पड़ोसी के पडोसी) को भोजन न कराकर, ब्राह्मणों को खिलाने बाले ब्राह्मण को एक मासा चाँदी दण्ड देना चाहिये।
A Brahmn who ignore his neighbour and next door neighbour during a feast of 20 or more people organised by him; deserve to be fined one Masha of Silver.
Obviously the grants for the feast comes from the treasury and its a part of the state to look after its proper utilisation. Therefore, the organising Brahmns should be alert in discharging their duty. Such feasts are normally arranged over pious days, festivals and Nav Ratri.
During this era the dolls go to the Muslims, Moulana, Moulvi, Mufti, mosques, Haj not the Brahmns. The Brahman is starving and the politicians are laughing at him. Funds of the temples are stolen-snatched to feed these people growing in numbers astronomically.
श्रोत्रियः श्रोत्रियं साधुं भूतिकृत्येष्वभोजयन्।
तदन्नं द्विगुणं दाप्यो हिरण्यं चैव माषकम्॥8.393॥
तदन्नं द्विगुणं दाप्यो हिरण्यं चैव माषकम्॥8.393॥
जो वेदाध्यायी ब्राह्मण शुभ कार्य में प्रतिवेश्य, अनुवेश्य, वैदिक सद् ब्राह्मणों को भोजन न करावे, राजा उसे भोज्यान्न का दूना अन्न और एक माशा सोना दण्ड करे।
The Brahmn who is learned in Vedic text-scriptures, fails to feed his neighbour, next door neighbour and other enlightened Brahmns deserve to be fined the amount, double of that spent over the feast-food in addition to one Masha of Gold.
Obviously this fine and the Gold too comes from the dolls-gifts he had received earlier from the king.
अन्धो जडः पीठसर्पी सप्तत्या स्थविरश्च यः।
श्रोत्रियेषूपकुर्वंश्च न दाप्याः केनचित्करम्॥8.394॥
श्रोत्रियेषूपकुर्वंश्च न दाप्याः केनचित्करम्॥8.394॥
अन्धे, बहरे, लगड़े और सत्तर वर्ष के बूढ़े तथा वेदपाठी ब्राह्मणों का उपकार करने वाला यदि दरिद्र हो जाये तो राजा को उससे कर नहीं लेना चाहिये।
The king should wave-forfeit tax over a person who has become poor while helping the blind, lame, deaf, people elder than 70 years and the Brahmns who are busy in teaching and learning of Veds.
The government is collecting house tax, sanitation charges, water & electricity charges from those who are infirm, no one to look after them, have no source of income. The shopkeepers do not pay rent in time even if they pay its thousands times less than the market rate.
श्रोत्रियं व्याधितार्तौ च बाला वृद्धावकिञ्चनम्।
महाकुलीनमार्यं च राजा सम्पूजयेत्सदा॥8.395॥
महाकुलीनमार्यं च राजा सम्पूजयेत्सदा॥8.395॥
वैदिक, व्याधिग्रस्त, बालक, वृद्ध, दरिद्र, श्रेष्ठ कुल जात और उदार चरित्र व्यक्तियों को राजा हमेशा सम्मानित करे।
The king should always be ready, willing, quick to help-honour the learned-enlightened Brahman, diseased, infants, aged, poverty stricken and the people of noble character.
During Coroan period the governemnet is distributing free rations who are dangerous people. Four wives and 98 children. They are eating away our taxes. Moeny is spent over the Mulla-Moulvies in the form of pay which must be stopped at once.
शाल्मलीफलके श्लक्ष्णे नेनिज्यान्नेजकः शनैः।
न च वासांसि वासोभिर्निर्हरेन्न च वासयेत्॥8.396॥
न च वासांसि वासोभिर्निर्हरेन्न च वासयेत्॥8.396॥
धोबी को चाहिये कि सेमर के चिकने काठ पर धीरे-धीरे वस्त्र धोवे, वस्त्रों से वस्त्र का हेर-फेर न करे और किसी का कपड़ा किसी दूसरे को पहनने के लिये न दे।
The washer man should always wash the cloths over a smooth Semal tree board (Bombax Ceiba, cotton tree) slowly and should not exchange the cloths of one customer with another's and never give the cloths of customers to others for wearing.
तन्तुवायो दशपलं दद्यादेकपलाधिकम्।
अतोऽन्यथा वर्तमानो दाप्यो द्वादशकं दमम्॥8.397॥
अतोऽन्यथा वर्तमानो दाप्यो द्वादशकं दमम्॥8.397॥
जुलाहा (कपड़ा बुनने वाला) दस पल सूत लेकर एक पल और अधिक अर्थात ग्यारह तौल कर सूत वाले को दे अन्यथा इससे कम वजन देने पर राजा उसे बढ़ पण दण्ड करे।
A weaver who has received ten Pal of thread, shall return cloth weighing one Pal more i.e., eleven Pal; in case he does not abide by this dictate shall be fined 12 Pan.
शुल्कस्थानेषु कुशल: सर्वपण्यविचक्षणाः।
कुर्युरर्घं यथापण्यं ततो विंशं नृपो हरेत्॥8.398॥
कुर्युरर्घं यथापण्यं ततो विंशं नृपो हरेत्॥8.398॥
राजा कर सम्बन्धी विषय में कुशल, बाजार में बिकने वाली वस्तुओं की खरीद-फरोख्त को जानने वाले व्यक्ति, जिस वस्तु का जो दाम नियत करें, उसके लाभ का 20 वाँ भाग राजा ले।
The king is entitled to a profit of 1/20th of the price fixed by the experts of the merchandise available for sale-purchase in the market.
राज्ञः प्रख्यातभाण्डानि प्रतिषिद्धानि यानि च।
तानि निर्हरतो लोभात्सर्वहारं हरेन्नृपः॥8.399॥
तानि निर्हरतो लोभात्सर्वहारं हरेन्नृपः॥8.399॥
राजा के सम्बन्ध के विशेष पात्र, वस्त्र, वाहन आदि और जिन वस्तुओं को बाहर ले जाने के लिये राजा ने मना कर दिया हो लोभ से उन वस्तुओं को देशान्तर ले जाने वाले का सर्वहरण कर ले।
The king should confiscate the whole property of the person who out of greed exports goods restricted by the king like special vessels, clothing, vehicles etc.
This is done in the event of low production and fear of rise of prices in the local market.Normally the export of food articles, weapons may be banned.
शुल्कस्थानं परिहरन्नकाले क्रयविक्रयी।
मिथ्यावादी च संख्याने दाप्योऽष्टगुणमत्ययम्॥8.400॥
जो व्यापारी कर देने के डर से दूसरे रास्ते से जाये, असमय में खरीद-फरोख्त करे, अधिक कर देने के अभिप्राय से विक्रय वस्तु का परिमाण गलत बताये, तो जितना कर उसने झूठ बोलकर बचाया हो, राजा उसका आठ गुना दण्ड करे।
The king should levy 8 times the tax earned-evaded by the trader by following different route to reach market to save tax, sale or purchase at unauthorised timings-hours or shows wrong figures of the sale proceeds.
In practice the traders charge sales tax, Vat, GST from the buyers but do not deposit it in the treasury. They show little income, low sales and avoid income tax. One can find them building big houses, factories, buying shops, beginning new ventures, buying cars which is not visible to the authorities under the cover of bribes in India or else where. There is rampant corruption.
The worst posssible thing is that they sell the goods-commodities at the MRP while its more by 35-65% than the real price at which they get it. Most of the traders do not keep the record of their receipts and sales.
आगमं निर्गमं स्थानं तथा वृद्धिक्षयावुभौ।
विचार्य सर्वपण्यानां कारयेत् क्रयविक्रयौ॥8.401॥
विचार्य सर्वपण्यानां कारयेत् क्रयविक्रयौ॥8.401॥
बाहर से आई चीजों पर, अपने देश में बनी-पैदा हुई वस्तुओं पर कितने दिनों तक रखने में कितना लाभ होगा, मुनाफा-नफा लेकर बेचने पर कितनी उन्नति-वृद्धि होगी, उन वस्तुओं की रक्षा में कितना व्यय होगा, इन सब पर भली-भाँति विचार करके, सभी बिकने वाली वस्तुओं की दर ठीक तरीके से तय करे, ताकि खरीदने वाले और बेचने वाले के मन में किसी प्रकार की परेशानी न हो।
The king should fix the prices of the imported goods or the goods produced in the country by evaluating the over heads, like storage, protection, wastage, transport, interest paid over investment etc. etc. and ensure that neither the seller nor the buyer are put to loss.
This is the era, which is facing different theories like free market, controlled prices, monopoly, duopoly, infinite sellers and demand & supply. But the role of the government is crucial.The ministers, & the prime minister lack this knowledge & hence play in the hands of bureaucratises, who too deserve expertise. The results are obvious.
Man Mohan Singh who called himself an economist was a gross failure dancing to the tune of Sonia-an Italian.
पञ्चरात्रे पञ्चरात्रे पक्षे पक्षेऽथवा गते।
कुर्वीत चैषां प्रत्यक्षमर्घसंस्थापनं नृपः॥8.402॥
कुर्वीत चैषां प्रत्यक्षमर्घसंस्थापनं नृपः॥8.402॥
पाँच-पॉंच दिन पीछे या एक-एक पक्ष के अन्तराल पर व्यापारियों की वस्तुओं की दर तय करे।
Pricing of goods shall be reviewed every fortnightly or a gap of 5 days regularly by the king.
In the present world pricing is done by the producers, whole sellers, manufacturers in multiple manners. Various theories of pricing are prevailing like demand & supply, indifference curves, utility (use, disuse, discarding), boom (depression or crash). State interference is restricted to fixing tax rates. Monopolists make a hey day by charging hundred times the real price. Duopoly may have cut throat competition or the oligopoly may lead to cartel formation. These theories normally ignore consumer behaviour and fail to predict the real demand in advance. Price rigging, hoarding is quite common.
तुलामानं प्रतिमानं सर्वं च स्यात्सुलक्षितम्।
षट्सु षट्सु च मासेषु पुनरेव परिक्षयेत्॥8.403॥
षट्सु षट्सु च मासेषु पुनरेव परिक्षयेत्॥8.403॥
सोना तौलने का तोला माशा और रत्ती आदि तथा अनाज तौलने के सेर पंसेरी आदि बटखरे वजन में पूरे हैं या नहीं, राजा प्रति छटे मास जाँच किया करे।
The king should examine-ascertain whether the weights-measures for weighing gold in Tola, Masha and Ratti are accurate or not in additions to weights for weighing food grain in Ser, Panseri, every six months.
पणं यानं तरे दाप्यं पौरूषोSर्धपणं तरे।
पादं पशुश्च योषिच्च पादार्थं रिक्तकः पुमान्॥8.404॥
पादं पशुश्च योषिच्च पादार्थं रिक्तकः पुमान्॥8.404॥
खाली सवारी पर उतारने का खेवा एक पण, भार उतारने का आधा पण, पशु और स्त्री को पार उतारने का चौथाई पण और बिना बोझ के पुरुष का खेवा एक पण के चौथाई का आधा हिस्सा देना चाहिये।
The fare-charges for ferrying empty-unloaded cart should be one Pan, for ferrying a load half Pan, for animals & woman one quarter of a Pan and for a man without load it should be half of a quarter of Pan.
भाण्डपूर्णानी यानानि तार्थं दाप्यानि सारतः।
रिक्तभण्डानि यत्किञ्चित्पुंमासश्चापरिच्छदाः॥8.405॥
रिक्तभण्डानि यत्किञ्चित्पुंमासश्चापरिच्छदाः॥8.405॥
बर्तनों से भरी हुई गाड़ी का खेवा बर्तनों के मूल्य की विवेचना करके देना चाहिये। किन्तु खाली छकड़े और दरिद्र मनुष्यों को पार उतराई बहुत ही कम लेनी चाहिये।
Fare for ferrying a cart loaded with vessels-pots should depend upon their cost but for ferrying an empty cart or a poor man, it should be nominal-minimum.
दीर्घाध्वनि यथादेशं यथाकालं तरो भवेत्।
नदीतीरेषु तद्विद्यात् समुद्रे नास्ति लक्षणम्॥8.406॥
नदीतीरेषु तद्विद्यात् समुद्रे नास्ति लक्षणम्॥8.406॥
जल मार्ग से दूर जाने में नदी का वेग, स्थिरता, अनुकूल, प्रतिकूल प्रवाह और समय आदि देखकर नाव के भाड़े निश्चय करे। यह नियम केवल नदी यात्रा के लिये हो सकता है, समुद्र यात्रा के लिये नहीं।
The fare for journey through the river depends upon the speed of flow of water, stability, favourable or against conditions and timings. This rule is applicable to river travel-journey only and not the ocean.
गर्भिणी तु द्विमासादिस्तथा प्रव्रजितो मुनिः।
ब्राह्मणा लिङ्गिनश्चैव न दाप्यास्तारिकं तरे॥8.407॥
ब्राह्मणा लिङ्गिनश्चैव न दाप्यास्तारिकं तरे॥8.407॥
दो मास ऊपर की गर्भिणी स्त्री, ब्रह्मचारी, वानप्रस्थ, सन्यासी और ब्राह्मण, इन लोगों से पार उतरने के खेवा नहीं लेना चाहिये।
Fare should not be charged from the woman pregnant for two months, celibates, hermits-ascetic, Van Prasth (wanders, hermits, people over 50 years of age, staying in forests) and the Brahmns.
यन्नावि किञ्चिद्दाशानां विशीर्येतापराधतः।
तद्दाशैरेव दातव्यं समागम्य स्वतोऽंशतः॥8.408॥
तद्दाशैरेव दातव्यं समागम्य स्वतोऽंशतः॥8.408॥
नाव खेने वालों की भूल से यात्रियों को कोई नष्ट हो जाये तो नाविकों को थोड़ा-थोड़ा अपने पास से पूरा करना चाहिये।
If the baggage of the passengers is destroyed by the mistake of the boats man, he should compensate for it, a bit by bit.
एष नौयायिनामुक्तो व्यवहारस्य निर्णयः।
दाशापराधतस्तोये दैविके नास्ति निग्रहः॥8.409॥
दाशापराधतस्तोये दैविके नास्ति निग्रहः॥8.409॥
यह नौ-नाव में यात्रा करने वाले यात्रियों के व्यवहार का निर्णय कहा है। नाविकों के दोष से यदि कोई वस्तु पानी में गिरकर नष्ट हो जाये तो उसका हर्जाना नाविक लोगों को दे। किन्तु जो वस्तु दैविक दुर्घटना (तूफान आदि) से नष्ट हो वह नाविक न दे।
The behaviour of the passengers of the boat has been described. If a commodity is lost-destroyed by falling in water due to the fault of the boats man, he should pay for it. But if its caused due to natural calamities like typhoon the boats man is not supposed to bear the loss or pay for it.
वाणिज्यं कारयेद्वैश्यं कुसीदं कृषिमेव च।
पशूनां रक्षणं चैव दास्यं शूद्रं द्विजन्मनाम्॥8.410॥
पशूनां रक्षणं चैव दास्यं शूद्रं द्विजन्मनाम्॥8.410॥
राजा वैश्य से खेती, वाणिज्य, महाजनी और गाय, बैल आदि पशुओं का पालन और शूद्रों से द्विजातियों की सेवा कराये।
The king should engage the Vaeshy in agriculture, business, trading, money lending, animal husbandry etc. and ensure that the Shudr keep on serving the Sawarn-Upper Castes.
The things have changed drastically soon after freedom. The congress party has promulgated reservation laws soon after freedom in favour of the Scheduled Casted elevating them the posts which they do not deserve due to lack of calibre. These people torture the Sawarn under them, often rape the women employees under them and remain safe. The BJP government under Modi has no courage to repeal these laws.
क्षत्रियं चैव वैश्यं च ब्राह्मणो वृत्तिकर्शितौ।
बिभृयादानृशंस्येन स्वानि कर्माणि कारयन्॥8.411॥
बिभृयादानृशंस्येन स्वानि कर्माणि कारयन्॥8.411॥
यदि क्षत्रिय और वैश्य अपनी वृत्ति से निर्वाह न कर सकने के कारण पीड़ित हों तो ब्राह्मण उनसे अपनी वृत्ति कराकर दयापूर्वक उनका भरण-पोषण करे।
If the Kshatriy & Vaeshy are unable to survive or suffer by adopting their Varnashram duties, the Brahmns should engage them in their service and help them tide over the difficult phase of life as a means-act of humanity, kindness, pity.
The Kshatriy & Vaeshy are not supposed to accept dolls, gifts, donations, gratitude of others and pass through a difficult phase of life. The Brahmn who gets funds for his survival and do not accumulate any thing for future may just accommodate these people with him.
दास्यं तु कारयँल्लोभाद् ब्राह्मणः संस्कृतान्द्विजान्।
अनिच्छतः प्राभावत्याद्राज्ञा दण्ड्यःशतानि षट्॥8.412॥
जो ब्राह्मण लोभ से या प्रभुत्व से उपनीत द्विजातियों से उनकी इच्छा के विरुद्ध टहलू का काम ले, राजा उसे छः सौ पण दण्ड करे।
The king should impose a fine of 600 Pan over the Brahmn who compel other upper castes who have been initiated into learning (celibacy, chastity) or wear Janeu-sacred thread to serve him, out of greed or authority.
शूद्रं तु कारयेद्दास्यं क्रीतमक्रीतमेव वा।
दास्यायैव हि सृष्टोऽसौ ब्राह्मणस्य स्वयंभुवा॥8.413॥
दास्यायैव हि सृष्टोऽसौ ब्राह्मणस्य स्वयंभुवा॥8.413॥
शूद्र खरीदा हुआ या न हो उससे नौकर का काम ले, क्योंकि ब्रह्मा जी ने ब्राह्मण की सेवा के लिये ही उसे बनाया है।
A low caste-origin person, whether a slave or not, should be employed for servicing the Brahmn since Brahma Ji created him for this function-duty, only.
Before independence the Shudrs formed a league with Muslims who too were Shudrs earlier and still perform traditionally, except for going to Mosque and bend like a slave for performing Sizdah (सिज़दा). They demanded Pakistan and got it. More than 99% Pakistani, Bangla Deshi, Indonesian Muslim are Hindu converts, whether upper caste or low caste. The Indian government is unduly supporting them by spending millions every day over them and putting them in higher jobs without ability, which they do not deserve at all. This is generating arrogance in them and create scenes every now and then, at one place or the other in India. They torture the upper caste and when they repel-retaliate them they file all sorts of false cases against them.
They need to be disciplined along with Muslims who are still staying In India even after getting separate countries. The Muslims in Kashmir must be sent-pushed into Pakistan compulsorily.
After the creation of Pakistan lost their right to stay in India.
न स्वामिना निसृष्टोऽपि शूद्रो दास्याद्विमुच्यते।
निसर्गजं हि तत्तस्य कस्तस्मात्तदपोहति॥8.414॥
निसर्गजं हि तत्तस्य कस्तस्मात्तदपोहति॥8.414॥
स्वामी से कहे जाने पर-मुक्त किये जाने पर भी, शूद्र सेवावृत्ति से छुटकारा नहीं पा सकता, क्योंकि वह उसकी स्वाभाविक वृत्ति से उसे कौन अलग कर सकता है?!
A Sudra, though emancipated by his master, can not be released from servitude; since that is innate in him, a part of his nature, inborn tendency. Who can set him free from it!?
The government is spending trillions to educate the Shudr, give them training in higher professions like teaching, medicine, judiciary, engineering but the out come is visible to each and every one. The government has turned its back over the faults of the Shudr in higher professions, jobs, politics. Even the converts to Islam & Christianity are no way better. There is rampant cheating in examinations to get a certificate, marks sheet with high marks by these people. Millions of such people have already penetrated into jobs over the strength of fake certificated-degrees. The recent episode in Maharashtr is an eye opener. Even the ministers are not far behind they too purchase fake qualifications. A big chunk of Muslims got selection into IAS by virtue of a wrong decision allowing them to write in Urdu, selection of Urdu as a pain paper and checking of their answer sheets by devout Muslims.
ध्वजाहृतो भक्तदासो गृहजः क्रीतदत्रिमौ।
पैत्रिको दण्डदासश्च सप्तैते दासयोनयः॥8.415॥
पैत्रिको दण्डदासश्च सप्तैते दासयोनयः॥8.415॥
युद्ध में विजय प्राप्त होने पर लाया गया, भोजन के लालच से स्वयं आया हुआ, दासी के गर्भ से उत्पन्न, खरीदा हुआ, किसी का दिया हुआ, जो बाप-दादे के समय से ही काम करता आया हो और दण्ड, ऋण आदि चुकाने के लिये दास हुआ हो, ये सातों दास हैं।
There are seven kinds-categories of slaves of, (viz.) one who was made a captive in war, who accepted slavery due to the greed-need for food, born out of a slave woman, gifted-transferred by someone, serving since the periods of grandfather or father or one who accepted slavery for paying off fine or clear debt himself, willingly-under compulsion.
Bhishm Pitamah liberated the slaves who served him for long prior to the Maha Bharat war and declared them as ordinary citizens. The slave women in king Janak's palace were adorned with precious jewellery and dealt with honour.
भार्या पुत्रश्च दासश्च त्रय एवाधनाः स्मृताः।
यत् ते समधिगच्छन्ति यस्य ते तस्य तद्धनम् ॥8.416॥
यत् ते समधिगच्छन्ति यस्य ते तस्य तद्धनम् ॥8.416॥
पत्नी, पुत्र और सेवक, ये तीनों निर्धन कहे गए हैं, क्योंकि इनका उपार्जन किया धन उसका होगा, जिसके ये पुत्र, कलत्र और सेवक हैं।
The wife, son and the servant are considered wealth-less, since they contribute to the riches of the person, who is their father, husband or the master, respectively.
The slave does not get wages while servant gets wages.A slave can be sold and resold, while a servant can be removed from the job any moment.Its the duty of the master to provide all facilitates for survival including medical care to the slave, while the master has no responsibility towards the employee. However, these days almost all companies and the government tries to compensate the workers in all possible manners.
विस्रब्धं ब्राह्मणः शूद्राद् द्रव्योपादानमाचरेत्।
नहि तस्यास्ति किञ्चित्स्वं भर्तृहार्यधनो हि सः॥8.417॥
नहि तस्यास्ति किञ्चित्स्वं भर्तृहार्यधनो हि सः॥8.417॥
काम आ पड़ने पर असम्बन्धित शूद्र का धन ब्राह्मण बेरोक ले सकता है, क्योंकि उसका अपना धन कुछ नहीं है, सब धन उसके स्वामी का है।
The Brahmn can accept unhesitatingly the money available with the Shudr; since, he does not own any thing, all he has belongs to his master.
The slave has been equated with the Shudr; since, both of them serve their master, society.
वैश्यशूद्रौ प्रयत्नेन स्वानि कर्माणि कारयेत्।
तौ हि च्युतौ स्वकर्मभ्यः क्षोभयेतामिदं जगत्॥8.418॥
राजा वैश्य और शूद्र से उनकी वृत्ति यत्नपूर्वक करावे, क्योंकि वे दोनों अपने कर्मों से च्युत होने पर सरे संसार को क्षुब्ध कर सकते हैं। तौ हि च्युतौ स्वकर्मभ्यः क्षोभयेतामिदं जगत्॥8.418॥
The king should ascertain the righteous functioning of the Vaeshy & the Shudr, since their non performance-functioning can create disorderliness, chaos, all round trouble.
The government should ensure timely & proper transport of consumable goods all over the country. Pricing should be beneficial to the grower. Hoarding to have abnormal profits should be punished immediately. The sweepers, scavenger who desists from work should be terminated immediately. Modi government is spoiling already spoiled sweepers who pocket the salary but fail to perform.
Modi government is helping the traders, industrialists in all possible manners & still they do not hesitate in ditching the public & the government.
Modi government is helping the traders, industrialists in all possible manners & still they do not hesitate in ditching the public & the government.
अहन्यहन्यवेक्षेतं कर्मान्तान्वाहनानि च।
आयव्ययौ च नियतावाकरान्कोशमेव च॥8.419॥
आयव्ययौ च नियतावाकरान्कोशमेव च॥8.419॥
राजा आरम्भ किये कार्यों की सम्पन्नता, नियत आय-व्यय, खान, खजाना और वाहनों का प्रतिदिन निरीक्षण करे।
The king should inspect the projects-works undertaken by the state and their timely execution, fixed income & expenditure, transport-vehicles and the animals used for carriage-riding, mines and the treasury everyday.
एवं सर्वानिमान् राजा व्यवहारान्समापयन्।
व्यपोह्य किल्बिषं सर्वं प्राप्नोति परमां गतिम्॥8.420॥
व्यपोह्य किल्बिषं सर्वं प्राप्नोति परमां गतिम्॥8.420॥
जो राजा इस प्रकार इन सब पूर्वोक्त व्यवहारों को पूरा करता है, वह सब पापों से छूटकर परमपद को प्राप्त होता है।
The king who perform the duties listed in this treatise piously, is freed-liberated from all sins and achieves the Ultimate abode.
Anyone who abide by the Varnashram Dharm-duties achieves the Ultimate abode, this is the gist of scriptures-Veds.
By the grace of Almighty, this chapter has been completed today at Gledswood hills, NSW-Sydney, Australia, today i.e., 27.07.06.2018 at 6 AM. Let the Almighty bless the pious, righteous, honest dedicated readers in their endeavours.
परमपिता परमेश्वर, माँ भगवती सरस्वती, गणपति जी महाराज और भगवान् वेद व्यास की असीम कृपा से इस अध्याय का शोधन कार्य, आज दिनाँक 24.04.2022 को प्रातः 9 बजे पल्लव पुरम, मेरठ में पूर्ण हुआ। यह अध्याय विचारशील, धर्मात्मा पाठकों को समर्पित है।
The king who perform the duties listed in this treatise piously, is freed-liberated from all sins and achieves the Ultimate abode.Anyone who abide by the Varnashram Dharm-duties achieves the Ultimate abode, this is the gist of scriptures-Veds.
By the grace of Almighty, this chapter has been completed today at Gledswood hills, NSW-Sydney, Australia, today i.e., 27.07.06.2018 at 6 AM. Let the Almighty bless the pious, righteous, honest dedicated readers in their endeavours.
परमपिता परमेश्वर, माँ भगवती सरस्वती, गणपति जी महाराज और भगवान् वेद व्यास की असीम कृपा से इस अध्याय का शोधन कार्य, आज दिनाँक 24.04.2022 को प्रातः 9 बजे पल्लव पुरम, मेरठ में पूर्ण हुआ। यह अध्याय विचारशील, धर्मात्मा पाठकों को समर्पित है।
RELEVANT CHAPTERS ::
(1). bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
(2). bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
(3).
santoshkipathshala.blogspot.com hindutv.wordpress.com
(2). bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
(3).
santoshkipathshala.blogspot.com hindutv.wordpress.com
(4). 100 POSTULATES OF DEBT RECOVERY THEORY
bhartiyshiksha.blogspot.com
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